New Advances and Directions in Testicular Cancer

Major advances have taken place in the overall management of patients with ali forms of testicular cancer The current articie reviews the approach to diagnosis, staging, and treatment of patients with both seminomatous and nonseminomatous germ celi cancerof the testis. The use of radiation therapy for patients with seminoma, as weli as new treatment modalities for patients with advanced forms of germ cell cancer of the testis, are outlined in full. Future directions are discussed, with an emphasis on new chemotherapeutic modalities in the overall management of the disease

The potential role of follicle-stimulating hormone in the cardiovascular, metabolic, skeletal, and cognitive effects associated with androgen deprivation therapy

To explore how follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) may contribute to cardiovascular, metabolic, skeletal, and cognitive events in men treated for prostate cancer, with various forms of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). A colloquium of prostate cancer experts was convened in May 2015, to discuss the role of FSH in the development of unwanted effects associated with ADT. Subsequently, a literature review (Medline, PubMed, and relevant congress abstract databases) was performed to further explore and evaluate the collected evidence. It has become evident that, in the setting of ADT, FSH can promote the development of atherosclerotic plaque formation, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance. Data also suggest that FSH is an important mediator of bone remodeling, particularly bone resorption, and thereby increases the risk for bone fracture. Additional evidence implicates a role for FSH in bone metastasis as well. The influence of FSH on ADT-induced cognitive deficits awaits further elucidation; however, the possibility that FSH may be involved therein cannot be ruled out. The widespread molecular and physiological consequences of FSH system activation in normal and pathological conditions are becoming better understood. Progress in this area has been achieved by the development of additional investigative and clinical measures to better evaluate specific adverse effects. More research is needed on FSH function in the development of cancer as well as its association with cardiovascular, metabolic, musculoskeletal, and cognitive effects in ADT. •FSH may contribute to unwanted effects associated with ADT.•Research supports a role for FSH in CVD and metabolic dysregulation.•FSH mediates bone metabolism possibly contributing to fracture and metastasis.•Role of FSH in cognitive deficits is possible, but unexplored.•Consequences of FSH escape should be considered in the context of ADT