EFEITO DA ALTURA DE CORTE NO CONTROLE DA JUREMA-PRETA [Mimosa tenuiflora (WILD) POIR.]

This work aimed to evaluate the effect of cut height on jurema-preta control. Thus, two trials were carried out, one in September 15th and other in December 15th of 1997. The experimental area had 1,400 m². Treatments were the height cuts of 25; 50; 75 and 100 cm from the soil. Evaluations were done when more than half of plants were showing 50% of their regrowth with a diameter of 0.7 cm. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with split-plot, being the height cut the parcel and the cut the sub-parcel. In the first trial and at the end of the 3rd cut, the higher mortality of 84.6% was found among plants cut at 75 cm and the higher number of regrowth was observed in plants cut at 100 cm, but the stem diameter was not affected by treatments. In the second trial and at the end of the 3rd cut, the higher mortality of 50% was found among plants cut at 100 cm and the other variables were not affected by cut height. The control of jurema-preta may be done in September, cutting the plants at 75 or 100 cm from the soil and always cutting the regrowth plants when they reach 0.7 cm of diameter. The jurema-preta control by standardization cut in December was inefficient regardless the cut height

Avaliação hematologica de caprinos exóticos e nativos no semi-árido paraibano Hematological evaluation of exotic and native goats in Paraiba's Semi-arid

O presente experimento foi conduzido na Estação Experimental de Pendência, pertencente à Empresa Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária da Paraíba S.A. (EMEPA), localizada no município de Soledade -PB, na microrregião do Curimataú Ocidental, Semi-árido da Paraíba. Objetivou-se com este trabalho realizar uma avaliação hematológica de caprinos exóticos e nativos criados no Semi-árido paraibano. Foram utilizadas 40 fêmeas das raças Boer, Savana, Anglo-Nubiana e Moxotó, sendo 10 de cada raça, com idade média de cinco meses, distribuídos num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 10 repetições, criadas em sistema semi-intensivo. Foram registradas as variáveis ambientais na sombra e no sol às 9:00 e às 15:00 horas, com auxílio de termômetros de máxima e mínima temperaturas, bulbo seco e bulbo úmido e de globo negro, e determinado o índice de temperatura do globo negro e umidade (ITGU), na sombra e no sol. Para a realização da hematimetria e leucometria foram coletadas amostras de 5 mL de sangue de cada animal, em tubo à vácuo com anticoagulante. A análise de variância revelou efeito de raça para os seguintes parâmetros hematológicos: eritrócitos, hematócrito e hemoglobina. Para o número de eritrócitos houve diferença significativa entre as raças Savana, Anglo-Nubiana e Moxotó, mas a raça Boer não diferiu em relação às raças Savana e Anglo-Nubiana. Houve efeito significativo para a variável leucócitos, tendo as raças Savana e Moxotó diferido das raças Boer e Anglo-Nubiana. Embora fatores como raça e ambiente influenciem sobre os parâmetros hematológicos, todas as raças apresentaram médias dentro dos limites normais para a espécie, demonstrando estarem bem adaptadas às condições climáticas do semi-árido.The present experiment was carried out in the Experimental Station of Dispute, belonging to the State Company of Agricultural Research of Paraíba S.A. (EMEPA), located in the municipal district of Soledade -PB, in Curimataú Westerner small area, Semi-arid of Paraíba. One aimed with this, to accomplish an hematological evaluation of exotic and native goats servants in the semi-arid Paraiba. 40 females of the breed Boer, Savanna, Anglo-Nubiana and Moxotó, were used being, 10 of each breed, with medium age of five months, alloted in completely radomized design with 10 repetitions, grown in semi-intensive system. Environmental variables were registered in the shadow and sun at 9:00 and 15:00 o'clock with the aid of thermometers of maxim and low temperatures, dry bulb and humid bulb and black globe one. For the accomplishment of the hematimetria and leucometria, samples of 5 mL of blood of each animal were collected in vacuous tubes with anticoagulant. The variance analysis revealed breed effect for these hematological parameters: erythrocyte, hematocrit and hemoglobin. For the erythrocytes number there was significant difference among the breeds Savana, Anglo-Nubiana and Moxotó, but the Boer breed didn't differ in relation to the breeds Savana and Anglo-Nubiana. There was significant effect for the variable leukocyte that presented the breeds Savana e Moxotó differing from the breeds Boer e Anglo-Nubiana. Although factors with breed and atmosphere influence on the hematological parameters, all of the breed presented averages inside the normal limits for the species, demonstrating to be well adapted to the climatic conditions of the semi-arid

Influência da aptidão produtiva (leite ou carne) sobre a libido de bodes de raças exóticas e naturais da região semi-árida do nordeste brasileiro Influence of the productive aptitude (milk or meat) on the libido of exotic male goats it is naturalized to the semi-arid area from the brazilian northeast region

Dezesseis reprodutores caprinos agrupados de acordo com a aptidão produtiva (carne ou leite) foram avaliados quanto à libido. Em cada grupo racial (Anglo-Nubiano e Pardo-Sertanejo - para leite; e Boer e Moxotó - para carne), havia quatro animais. Cinco fêmeas mestiças de Anglo-Nubiano foram utilizadas, todas elas estrogenizadas. O experimento foi realizado em Patos - PB (região semi-árida do Nordeste brasileiro) durante 42 dias, entre agosto e setembro de 2002. Os trinta dias iniciais foram reservados para o período adaptativo dos animais e os últimos doze dias, para o processo intensivo de coleta seminal, que obedeceu a um sistema contínuo e crescente de coletas dividido em três fases, cada uma com quatro dias: fase 1, uma coleta ao dia; fase 2, três coletas ao dia; fase 3, seis coletas ao dia. Durante as coletas seminais, todo o comportamento sexual dos bodes foi monitorado, inclusive a libido. Encontrou-se influência significativa (P Sixteen male goats were agrouped accord to productive aptitude (meat or milk) and they were evaluated for the libido. In each racial group (Anglo-Nubiano and Pardo-Sertanejo - for milk; and Boer and Moxotó - for meat) being a total of four animals. Five females crosbreed from Anglo-Nubiano in oestrous were used.. The experiment was conducted in Patos - PB (Brazilian Northeast, semi-area region) during 42 days from August and September of 2002. The thirty initial days were reserved for the adaptadion period of the animals and the last twelve days the animals were submitted to intensive process of seminal collection in a continuous and growing system of collections divided in three phases, each one with four days: phase 1, a collection a day; phase 2, three collections a day; phase 3, six collections a day. During the seminal collections the whole sexual behavior of the male goats was monitored, besides the libido. The data shown a significant influence (P <0.05) on the productive aptitude as well the frequency of the seminal collection and also of the race on the time of reaction and time to ejaculation

Performance and carcass characteristics of two biotypes of Santa Inês sheep grazing pasture supplemented with multinutritional blocks

<p></p><p>SUMMARY The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristics of Santa Inês lambs fed pasture supplemented with multinutritional blocks (MB). Twenty whole lambs were used, 10 of the Santa Inês Tradicional and 10 Santa Inês Moderno biotypes. These were distributed in a completely randomized design, where they remained until reaching the slaughtering age of 264 days. Although they had different biotypes, sheep did not differ statistically for performance variables, quantitative, qualitative, morphometry, biometrics, only the palette yield variable was higher for the biotype in 19. 75%, while for the traditional one it was 19. 18%. Increasing use of the multinutritional block was observed by lambs up to 56 days of experiment, reaching a maximum of 0.240g/animal/day, but at 84 days there was a decline to 0.198g/animal/day. The average daily gain (ADG) was 144.22 and 146.67 for the traditional and modem biotypes, respectively, and the final weight (FW) was 32. 26 and 32. 66kg for each biotype. The carcass of the animals is moderate and therefore a lean carcass. The gross profit margin was 78 reais/animal. Despite the biotypic differences, the Santa Inês lambs fed pasture and supplemented with multinutritional blocks showed similar carcass characteristics.</p><p></p

Desempenho e composição da carcaça de cordeiros deslanados terminados em confinamento com diferentes dietas Performance and carcass composition of shorn lambs finished in a feedlot on different diets

Este trabalho foi realizado com os objetivos de avaliar os efeitos da alimentação e do genótipo sobre as características quantitativas de carcaça de cordeiros terminados em confinamento e estimar sua margem bruta. Foram utilizados 18 cordeiros de cada genótipo: Morada Nova, Santa Inês e mestiços Dorper &#215; Santa Inês. As rações foram constituídas de 2,5 Mcal EM/kg MS e 2,94 Mcal EM/kg MS. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 &#215; 2. As dietas influenciaram o ganho de peso diário, o peso de corpo vazio, o escore corporal, a eficiência alimentar e o tempo de confinamento, enquanto o genótipo promoveu diferenças em todas as variáveis estudadas. A densidade calórica das dietas influenciou os rendimentos biológicos, de carcaça quente e fria, esses dois últimos influenciados pelos genótipos. A dieta mais energética (2,94 Mcal EM/kgMS) proporcionou maiores pesos absolutos de pescoço, paleta, costela, lombo e perna, porém, em valores relativos, cordeiros alimentados com diferentes níveis energéticos não diferiram quanto a essas características, independentemente do nível energético da dieta. Os rendimentos percentuais dos cortes foram influenciados pelos genótipos, exceto o corte pescoço. Os pesos de todos os cortes foram influenciados pelos genótipos. A maior margem bruta de carcaça foi obtida com ração de maior nível energético.<br>This study was performed with the objective of assessing the effects of feed and genotype on the quantitative characteristics of carcasses of lambs finished in a feedlot and estimate gross margins. Eighteen lambs of each genotype were used: Morada Nova, Santa Inês and cross-breed Dorper &#215; Santa Inês. Feeds with low and high energetic levels consisted of 2.5 Mcal ME/kg DM and 2.94 Mcal ME/kg DM, respectively. A randomized complete design was used, with a 3 &#215; 2 factorial scheme. The diets influenced daily weight gain, empty body weight, body score, feed efficiency and feedlot days, whilst the genotype promoted differences in all the variables studied. The caloric density of the diets influenced the biological hot and cold carcass yields, and the latter two were influenced by genotype. The more energetic diet (2.94 Mcal EM/kgDM) resulted in higher absolute weights of neck, shoulder, rib, loin and leg, but, in relative values, lambs fed with different energetic levels did not differ for these characteristics, regardless of the energetic level of the diet. The percentage yield of the cuts was influenced by the genotypes, except for the neck. The weights of all the cuts were influenced by genotypes. The treatment with the highest energy level resulted in the largest gross margin

Efeito do genótipo e do sexo sobre a composição química e o perfil de ácidos graxos da carne de cordeiros Effect of genotype and sex on chemical composition and fatty acid profile of sheep meat

Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos do sexo e do genótipo sobre a composição centesimal e o perfil de ácidos graxos do músculo Semimembranosus (SM) de ovinos submetidos às mesmas condições de confinamento. Foram utilizados 12 cordeiros, quatro machos inteiros e quatro fêmeas da raça Santa Inês (SI) e quatro machos inteiros mestiços ½ Santa Inês x ½ Dorper (SI-D). A raça e o sexo não influenciaram a composição centesimal da carne dos cordeiros. No entanto, as concentrações de fósforo e cálcio diferiram significativamente quando considerados estes dois fatores. Os ácidos graxos encontrados em maior quantidade na fração lipídica da carne dos animais foram o oléico, o palmítico e o esteárico. Houve efeito do sexo sobre o perfil dos ácidos graxos monoinsaturados na carne dos animais Santa Inês. O perfil de ácidos graxos de mestiços machos SI-D comprovou melhor valor nutricional da carne, pelo maior percentual de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados, pela maior relação AGPI/AGS e pela menor relação w6:w3.<br>The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of sex and genotype (breed) on the composition and fatty acid profile of the semimembranosus (SM) muscle of feedlot sheep. Four Santa Inês (SI) males, four SI females, and four ½ Santa Inês x ½ Dorper (SI-D) males were used in this trial. Neither breed nor sex significantly affected the chemical composition of meat. However, the meat contents of phosphorus and calcium were both significantly changed by breed and sex. Oleic, palmitc, and stearic were the fatty acids found in larger amounts in the intramuscular fat of lamb meat in this study. There was a significant effect of sex on the profile of unsaturated fatty acids within the SI breed. The fatty acid profile of meat from SI-D sheep showed greater nutritional value because of the highest content of PUFA and PUFA/SFA ratio and the lowest w6:w3 ratio