64 research outputs found
Investigating formation resistance to fracture during operation of wells prone to plugging
In this paper, a study was conducted to determine the stability of productive formations when selecting liquid hydrocarbon reserves from them. Using mathematical modeling methods and various laws of fluid motion in a porous medium, the optimal conditioned pressure value has been established, at which the least destruction of the rock matrix will be observed. This area of research is relevant due to the fact that for the current situation, one of the most effective methods of increasing well productivity is hydraulic fracturing, which implies a significant impact on the stability of the borehole-rocks system. The obtained conclusions will make it possible to effectively plan geological and technical measures related to the impact on the rock matrix and will allow trouble-free operation of the complicated well stock
Improvement of a well bottomhole zone treatment applying a spent sulfuric acid solution
Relevance. Caused by the need to ensure highly efficient distribution of spent sulfuric acid solutions during acid treatment of a production well bottomhole zone. The proposed method increases the efficiency of this process by growth of efficiency of production wells exploiting terrigenous limestone reservoirs in the wellbore zone. Aim. To develop and propose a method for using spent sulfuric acid solutions during acid treatment of a production well bottomhole zone, a methodology for its application. The essence of the method is that to increase the efficiency of production wells exploiting terrigenous reservoirs, solutions of sulfuric acid or its derivatives, in particular spent sulfuric acid, are used as an acid reagent. Objects. It was revealed that the surface activity of spent sulfuric acid in fresh water at the interface with hydrocarbon liquids is significantly greater than the activity of solutions of commercial hydrochloric and sulfuric acids. Based on physical and chemical studies, it has been established that spent sulfuric acid solutions can be used in acid treatment of the bottomhole zone of wells to increase formation fluid production. Solutions of hydrochloric (HCl) and sulfuric (H2SO4) acids, as well as waste β spent sulfuric acid, were used as experimental liquids. Compared to commercial acids, the spent sulfuric acid solutions have the greatest ability to interact in carbonate rocks.Β Β Methods. Models of porous medium were created in experimental columns, which were pipes made of organic glass with a length of 0.5 m and a diameter of 0.025 m. The manufactured model of the porous medium was evacuated and saturated with fresh water, after which the water permeability was determined, then the water was replaced with acid solutions. After a certain time for the acid to react with the carbonates of the porous medium, the water permeability was again determined. The experiments were carried out at room temperature and a pressure gradient of 0.05...0.2 MPa/m. Moreover, after completion of the treatment of the near-wellbore zone in order to prevent the deposition of sediments formed in the pores as a result of the interaction of acid with carbonates, the well is put into operation after an eight-hour holding period with large depressions in the near-wellbore zone. Results. Visual observations shown that water filtration through the porous medium at high pressure gradients leads to a large removal of sediments from the porous medium. This is the consequence of an increase in the porous medium permeability after treating it with a 15% solution of waste sulfuric acid. Thus, laboratory experiments shown that the use of spent sulfuric acid solutions under certain conditions can increase well productivity
Experimental and theoretical research of the interaction between high-strength supercavitation impactors and monolithic barriers in water
The article describes experimental and theoretical research of the interaction between supercavitating impactors and underwater aluminum alloy and steel barriers. Strong alloys are used for making impactors. An experimental research technique based on a high-velocity hydro-ballistic complex was developed. Mathematical simulation of the collision the impactor and barrier is based on the continuum mechanics inclusive of the deformation and destruction of interacting bodies. Calculated and experimental data on the ultimate penetration thickness of barriers made of aluminum alloy D16T and steel for the developed supercavitating impactor are obtained
Special features of high-speed interaction of supercavitating solids in water
Special features of material behavior of a supercavitating projectile are investigated at various initial velocities of entering water on the basis of the developed stress-strain state model with possibility of destruction of solids when moving in water and interacting with various underwater barriers with the use of consistent methodological approach of mechanics of continuous media. The calculation-experimental method was used to study the modes of motion of supercavitating projectiles at sub- and supersonic velocities in water medium after acceleration in the barrelled accelerator, as well as their interaction with barriers. Issues of stabilization of the supercavitating projectile on the initial flight path in water were studied. Microphotographs of state of solids made of various materials, before and after interaction with water, at subsonic and supersonic velocities were presented. Supersonic velocity of the supercavitating projectile motion in water of 1590β
m/s was recorded
High-speed impact of the metal projectile on the barrier containing porous corundum-based ceramics with chemically active filler
The paper presents a calculation-experimental study on high-speed interaction of the metal projectile with a combined barrier made of porous corundum-based ceramics filled with chemically active composition (sulfur, nitrate of potash) in the wide range of speeds. A mathematical behavior model of porous corundum-based ceramics with chemically active filler is developed within the scope of mechanics of continuous media taking into account the energy embedding from a possible chemical reaction between a projectile metal and filler at high-speed impact. Essential embedding of inlet heat is not observed in the considered range of impact speeds (2.5 β¦ 8β
km/s)
Recent results from the T2K experiment
Recent results of the analysis of 2:23Γ1021 POT data collected by the T2K long-baseline neutrino accelerator experiment are presented in this paper. It is shown that T2K is able to constrain the CP-violating phase Ξ΄CP in the lepton sector with 2Ο significance. Nearest plans for improving the sensitivity to Ξ΄CP are also given
RATIONALE FOR SELECTING SAND FILTERS FOR PRODUCTION WELLS
Link for citation: Khabibullin M.Ya., Khabibullin Β A.M. Rationale for selecting sand filters for production wells. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Πssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 7, ΡΡ. 26-34. In Rus.
The relevance of the study are caused by the need to ensure the flow of more purified reservoir fluid into the bottomhole zone of the well. When opening a formation with production wells, the design of which includes anti-sand filters, there are some imperfections that are characterized by the degree and nature of its opening and are caused by the designs of casing filters. For a rational choice of an anti-sand filter in a well, it is necessary to conduct experimental bench studies, taking into account well conditions. Purpose: based on the results of experimental studies, propose the optimal design of the anti-sand filter. To select, it is necessary to take into account the hydraulic parameters of its operation, which can be determined based on the bench tests of two types of filter elements: block and frame-rod with wire winding, in open and cased hole conditions, as the most promising in terms of application. Objects. To accomplish this task, a stand was created that allows you to: determine the amount of fluid passing through with sand; the volume and granulometric state of the sands that pass through the filters when filtering the mixed liquid; state and change in the structure of rocks in the bottomhole zone of the well; distances between the filter elements and the production casing, the performance of the sand filter. The main component of the stand is a combined-shaped filtration tray imitating a circular reservoir model. Methods. The working fluid (oil), preheated to a predetermined temperature with the help of a heating element, is supplied to the filtration tray by a pump from the receiving tank through the pressure manifold. The temperature of the working fluid in a given mode is maintained using a non-contact controller. The discharge pressure is measured with a manometer. The pressure manifold is fitted with a spring-loaded relief valve. The change in pressure of the radial flow of the working fluid in the filtration tray is recorded by a pressure sensor. The working fluid from the filtration tray is passed through a cleaning system made in the form of two cylinders, in which there are sieves for trapping and screening sand particles with a size of 0,005 mm or more. The purified working fluid again enters the receiving tank. Results. Block and single-layer wire filters while ensuring a small amount of sand are quickly clogged. The double layer wire filter has the highest peak resistances and occasional significant sand production. Obviously, it can be recommended for flowing oil production, with a significant excess of reservoir pressure in relation to hydrostatic pressure
Methodology of designing the transforming mechanism pumping unit
ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠ°-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΈ. Π Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠ°-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ²-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ
Π·Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ, Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ΅. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ, Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ - ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΊ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π΅ΡΠ° Π±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π°. ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π½Π³. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ, Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΈΠΏ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π³Π°Π±Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΌΡ. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ² [psi] Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° (Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Π² ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π·Π°Π΄Π΅Π²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°, Π²ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π² Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠΊΠ° ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π΅Π²Π°Π»Π° ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ, ΠΈ Π΄Ρ.). ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠ΅ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ (Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ
Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°). Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»Π°ΠΌ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π³Π°Π±Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ²-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΊ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ (Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° 45β¦60 %, Π° Π²ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° - 25β¦30 %) ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ²-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΊ Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ²-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΊ, Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Ρ, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠ°-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ.The relevance of the research is caused by the need to ensure more efficient operation of the kinematic scheme of the pumping unit. The solution to this problem will improve the operation of the kinematic scheme from the point of view of the loads arising in it and reduce the metal consumption of the surface drive of the sucker rod pump during its design. The main aim of the research is to develop and propose a methodology for designing pumping unit during its production and manufacture. Objects. The converting mechanism of the pumping units is a hinged four-link mechanism made according to symmetrical and asymmetrical kinematic schemes. With a symmetrical scheme, the center of rotation of the crank is on a straight line passing through the points corresponding to the extreme positions of the articulation of the connecting rod and the balance bar. All other cases correspond to an unbalanced scheme. At present, in accordance with the existing design technique of the symmetrical circuit converting mechanism, the kinematic ratios r/K and r/l are used as the initial data - the ratio of the crank radius to the length of the rear arm of the balancer and the connecting rod, respectively. The object of research is a hinge mechanism that converts the rotational motion of an electric motor into a reciprocating motion of the suspension point of the rods. Methods. The technique that allows you to design a mechanism according to predetermined output parameters is more preferable and practical. At the same time, it is recommended to use parameters that directly determine both the type of the kinematic diagram of the converting mechanism and its overall dimensions. It should be noted that not all theoretically real mechanisms can be practically feasible. Therefore, the real area of angles [psi] is somewhat narrower than the theoretical real area and should be determined taking into account the design features of the mechanism (for example, in an extremely close position to the body, the traverse should not touch the gearbox housing, the height of the mechanism should be such that in the lower position the suspension of the wellhead rod does not touch the wellhead oil seal, etc.). For convenience of using the proposed method, it is advisable to present the sought values in the given form (in fractions of the stroke length). Results. According to the formulas obtained, using the data from catalogs of different companies, the reduced values of the kinematic parameters of the converting mechanisms of various kinematic schemes are calculated. As a result, we find that the overall dimensions of the converting mechanism of domestic pumping units of a symmetrical scheme (length by 45...60 %, and height by 25...30 %) are smaller than those of foreign pumping units of an asymmetrical scheme. The developed technique makes it possible to compare the technical and operational indicators of pumping units made according to various kinematic schemes. The proposed technique with the optimal position function, at which the dynamic loads on the drive are minimal, the efficiency of the downhole sucker rod pump is maximal, makes it possible to reduce the metal consumption of the pumping unit during its design
Increasing the efficiency of the mechanism for gas cleaning from oil aerosols by filters from metalloceramic materials
ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ². Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Β«Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Β» Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΊΠ° Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠ³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ - ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡ, Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ 45 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ (180 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ). ΠΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ» ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²: Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ 180 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ, Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ 0,052 ΠΌ, ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ 0,004 ΠΌ) ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π°. ΠΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ΅ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ 600 Β°C ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΡ, ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ. Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ: Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°. Π’Π΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ² Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ: ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ°-Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ (ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½Π΄, Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½-ΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ), ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π±ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ (Π³Π»ΠΈΠ½Π°) ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ (ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡ), ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 30 ΠΠΠ°), ΡΡΡΠΊΠ° (ΠΏΡΠΈ 150-150 Β°C) ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΆΠΈΠ³ (ΠΏΡΠΈ 1200-1300 Β°C) ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ². Π’Π΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ: ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ (1-5 ΠΌΠΌ), ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ, ΡΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΆΠΈΠ³. ΠΠ° ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ² Π½Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π° Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ². Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΞΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ Π³Π°Π·Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Β«Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Β» Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ 99,96 %. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ².The relevance of the research is caused by the need to increase in volumes the implementation of various technological processes associated with the effective purification of gases in ceramic filters. The most promising alternative to bag filters for removing dust from hightemperature gases are filters with elements made of porous permeable ceramic materials. Purpose: to develop and propose a scheme of a laboratory setup for studying this process by using filters with large pores in the range of parameters under study by obtaining the effect of generating Β«secondaryΒ» aerosols and observing the breakthrough coefficient at the boundary with an increase in the filtration rate and particle size. Objects. Single-layer filter elements were subjected to research - porous cylinders, two-layer filter elements, combined filter element. The latter was made by applying a layer of powder with larger particles (180 Β΅m) to a single-layer element from a powder with particles of 45 ΞΌm in size. The combined filter element consisted of two elements: an outer single-layer element (particle size 180 ΞΌm, inner diameter 0,052 m, wall thickness 0,004 m) and a coaxial two-layer one inserted into it. The deposition of transformer oil aerosols obtained by spraying in a special fog generator was studied. The dispersed composition and concentration of aerosols before and after the filter were determined using a five-stage cascade impactor. Methods. Laboratory studies were carried out according to the proposed methods for the effective purification of gases in ceramic filters at a temperature of 600 Β°C and more. However, the further development of these studies was hampered by the lack of sufficiently economical domestic ceramic porous filter elements. The most promising alternative to bag filters for dust removal of high-temperature gases are filters, the filter element of which is made of porous permeable ceramic materials - special type of ceramics made by special technological methods with increased porosity and with appropriate sizes and shapes of pores. While testing, the following characteristics were recorded: the hydraulic resistance of the sample, the temperature and air flow, the concentration and size of the droplets before and after the filter. The technology for creating porous permeable ceramic materials from powders is as follows: obtaining a narrowly fractionated filler powder (electrocorundum, disthene-sillimanite), selecting a technological binder (clay) and a temporary binder (polyvinyl alcohol), mixing the components in a certain ratio, pressing (specific pressure 30 MPa), drying (at 150-150 Β°C) and firing (at 1200-1300 Β°C) samples. The technology for creating porous permeable ceramic materials from fibers is as follows: obtaining an aqueous suspension of silicate fibers of a certain length (1-5 mm), molding samples by slip casting, drying and firing. A membrane was applied to a number of porous powder samples in order to create samples with a small pore size and evaluate their properties. The results of the study of the relationship between the hydraulic resistance ΞΡ of the filter elements and the flow rate of the droplet gas mixture were analyzed in the criterion form in order to exclude the influence of the individual characteristics of the samples and test conditions. The effect of generating Β«secondaryΒ» aerosols was established and confirmed by processing the results. The efficiency of filtration with two-layer and combined filters reaches 99,96 %. The obtained research results indicate the expediency of using ceramic filter elements in industrial devices
- β¦