Survey of quality of life of patients with breast cancer among women at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical science and Health service 2017

Background and Aims: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer diseases among women. The survival rate of breast cancer patients is long and, as a result, patients are greatly affected by cancer, its complications and consequences.Materials and Methods: The research design was descriptive – cross sectional. About 150 patients (women) with breast cancer were candidate for chemotherapy referred to the ward of Oncology in Shohada Tajrish and Taleghani Hospitals, both under the auspicious of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical science, 2017. The standard Quality of life Questionnaire (EROTC QLQ_C30) and its breastcancer supplementary measure (QLQ-BR 23) Questionnaire developed by the European Organization for Research and treatment of cancer were respectively used to measure the quality of life and for demography, within one stage. Finally, the data was analyzed using SPSS16 statistical software through ANOVA and Pearson tests. All ethical issues were considered throughout the study.Results: The average age of women whom surveyed was 47.81±8.21, which 74.7 percent of them were married. The average score of the global health status of respondents undergone the survey was 538818.20±. Among the functional scores, the highest score was related to cognitive indexes 68.77± 30.30. Economic difficulties showed the highest score of 69.11 27.33± among symptom scales. Physical,emotional and cognitive functioning, and also the disease symptoms such as fatigue, nausea and vomiting, pain, dyspnoea, insomnia, constipation and economic difficulties were among the variables demonstrating significance relationship with quality of life in Univariate Analysis.Conclusion: The results of this study show the inappropriate conditions regarding the quality of life in some general and specific symptom scales of the patients under the survey. Therefore, the importance of paying more attention to this matter and designing of suitable actions for enhancing the quality of theirlife is expected. Keyword: Breast cancer, Quality of life, Wome

Knowledge, attitude and behavior towards using of microwave oven among women working at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical science and Health service in 2016

Background and Aims: Microwave oven, a household appliance that works with microwave, is one of the essential supplies in the kitchen because of ease and speed in cooking. Microwave users are required to be aware of its safety tips, and women are in the program's top priority due to more involvement. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and behavior towards using microwave oven amongwomen working at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and health services in 2016.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, totally, 120 women working at Shahid Beheshti University of medical Sciences and Health Services were selected through clustering procedure. All stages of this research were conducted ethically. The consent forms were indeed completed. A reliable and valid questionnaire prepared by the research team was exploited for data collection. The questionnaire encompassed demographic, knowledge, attitude and behavior of using microwave oven questions. Finally, the obtained data was analyzed using SPSS22 statistical Software.Results: The mean age of women was 38.63 ± 9.19 years. About 58.35 percent of participants had associate's, bachelor's level education and 28.35 percent were of Master's degree. Approximately 68.35%of the total study group were married. Overall the mean score of knowledge was 15.80 out of 28. The mean score of attitude was 36.69 out of 50, and the mean score of behavior was 59.62 out of 75. There was no statistically significant relationship between age, marital status, education and knowledge and atti tude.Conclusion: The results of the study suggest the need for interventions to promote awareness, attitude and behavior

Conceptual explanation of adolescents' media health literacy: A qualitative content analysis

BACKGROUND: The high use of media among adolescents is involved in negative social and health consequences. Therefore, it is critical that adolescents acquire the skills to interact with media content in a healthy way. This study aimed to identify the dimensions and concept of media health literacy (MHL) among adolescents.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this qualitative study, specialists (n = 19) in the field of health education and promotion, as well as a wide range of activists in the field of media and communication and adolescents (n = 20), who met the inclusion criteria were participated in this study. Participants were recruited by purposive sampling. Exploratory, open-ended, and face-to-face interviews based on the interview guide were used to elicit participants' perspectives from October 2021 to May 2022 in Tehran, Iran. The interviews were analyzed by content analysis using the inductive method and MAXQDA 2020.RESULTS: A total of eight health education and promotion specialists (20.51%), nine media and communication specialists (23.07%), two software and programming instructors (5.12%), and 20 adolescents (51.28%) were included in the study. Analysis of qualitative data led to the identification of five categories (media literacy (ML), health literacy (HL), media reference, interactive communication literacy, and basic literacy (BL)) and 25 subcategories.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide a deep understanding of the concept and domains of MHL. Based on the results, MHL can be defined as a set of knowledge and individual skills needed in the fields of ML, HL, interactive communication literacy, media reference, and BL, which help achieve the appropriate state of MHL among adolescents and its improvement. It is hoped that these findings are used to guide the development of interventions for MHL

Health problem multiple behaviors in Iranian adolescents: a cross-sectional study

The present cross-sectional research was conducted on 245 adolescents selected through a multi-stratified sampling method. The data collection instrument was the risky behavior scale (YRBSS). The collected data were statistically analyzed via SPSS ver19. Such indices as mean, standard deviation, min and max scores were used as descriptive statistics. The present findings showed that 17 subjects (6.9%) had carried cold weapons with them at least once before; 22 subjects (15.17%) had experienced drug consumption (opium and hash) at least; 52 subjects (21.3%) consumed alcohol; 45 (out of 108) (41.66%) had sexual affairs with the opposite sex and 108 (44.1%) experienced smoking. Certain measures can be taken to prevent and reduce the rate of risky behaviors: closer and stronger family ties between parents and teenagers, emphasis on positive examples set by peers, establishment of moral values, provision of sport facilities and public welfare, special attention to the key role of schools

Concordance of Length and Contents of Continuing Medical Education Programs with Educational Demands of Practicing GPs in Khuzestan Province

Introduction: Assessing educational needs and prioritizing them is the first step in planning. Evaluation of current Continuing Medical Education (CME) programs according to the general physicians' points of view is essential for quality improvement and increasing their efficacy and effectiveness. This study aimed to determine the educational priorities of general physicians (GPs) and the degree of concordance of demands with the programs presently offered in Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this descriptive study, on the educational needs of general physicians of Khouzestan province, a population of 300 GPs were investigated (2004) by means of questionnaire covering the various diseases and the results were compared with the allocated time to the current presented programs in the same year. Results: The GPs mainly ranked "internal diseases" their highest priority with a mean of 2.05, and the last priority belonged to "infectious diseases" with a mean of 1.75 out of 3. The most time allocated to CME programs for GPs was spared to "pediatric disease" with 36.63% hours and the least to "Ophthalmology" with 0.31% hours. Conclusion: The most time allocated to a great number of the medical issues did not show any concordance with the GPs' educational needs. Therefore, it is suggested that the "needs assessment" procedure be done for more quality improvement in continuing medical education with a higher efficacy and effectiveness

Using of health belief model to promote preventive behaviors against iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women

Iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common nutritional problems during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of education based on health belief model to promote preventive behaviors against iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women. The study was performed on 80 pregnant women that were randomized equally into the experimental and control groups. A self-administered questionnaire based on health belief model constructs was applied to gather data. The experimental group received two educational sessions. The mean age of women was 27.96±5.6 years and mean gestational age was 16.6±1 weeks. Before the intervention, no significant differences in terms of demographic characteristics and health belief model constructs were found between the groups, while after the intervention, the scores of health belief model were different significantly between the control and experimental groups . Since the results of the study indicated the applicability of health belief model to promote nutritional behavior in regard to anemia in pregnancy, implementing health belief model based educational sessions in health centers is suggested to reduce complications of this problem

The predominance of recombinant Norovirus GII.4Sydney[P16] strains in children less than 5 years of age with acute gastroenteritis in Tehran, Iran, 2021–2022

The present study was aimed to both detect emerging noroviruses and investigate RdRp and VP1-based dual typing of circulating noroviruses in hospitalized children less than 5 years of age with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in Iran. For this purpose, a total of 200 stool specimens were screened during 2021–2022 by real-time RT-PCR for genogroup I and II (GI and GII) and dual-typed by sequence analysis of PCR products, using a web-based norovirus Typing Tool and phylogenetic analysis. The GI and GII noroviruses were detected in 20% of 200 specimens. The GII.4 norovirus was found to be the most common VP1 genotype (53%) followed by GII.8 (32%), GII.7 (6%), GII.17 (6%), and GII.3 (3%). The GII.P16 norovirus was also found as the predominant RdRp type (53%) followed by GII.P8 (32%), GII.P7 (6%), GII.P17 (6%), and GII.P31 (3%). To our knowledge, this is the first report that highlights the dominancy of recombinant norovirus GII.4Sydney[P16] and newly emerging of norovirus GII.8 [P8], GII.17 [P17] and GII.3 [P16] in Iran. These findings further indicate inter-genotype recombinant strains of noroviruses

Examine of Thyroid Function in Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome; Tehran-Iran

Introduction In children with nephrotic syndrome, it is probable to determine a hypothyroid state because of thyroxine (T4), tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroid-binding globulin loss in presence of proteinuria. Objectives: To examine thyroid function in pediatric cases of nephrotic syndrome. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, from march 2010 to march 2012, thyroid function tests were performed in 104 patients referred to the nephrology department of children’s medical center, because of nephrotic  syndrome. Collected data analyzed with SPSS Statistics 17 and pResults: Sixty one cases identified as hypothyroid patients and were treated with supplementary levothyroxine. There were 41 (67.2%) males and 20 (32.8%) females with the mean age of 3.72±3.35 years. Our patients showed lowered T3 (68.3%) and T4 (64.4%) in comparison with normal values. Median TSH (Thyroid-stimulating hormone) was 11.65±6.71 Micu/ml and 2.82±0.82 in the hypothyroid and euthyroid patients respectively. In all, TSH was negatively correlated with the total urinary protein content . Conclusions: According to this study, the occurrence of hypothyroidism in any child with nephrotic syndrome needs to be mentioned. It is proposed to systematically search hypothyroidism by measuring TSH and free T4 in these patients particularly when proteinuria is prolonged

Comparison of Ciprofloxacin-Based Triple Therapy with Conventional Triple Regimen for Helicobacter pylori Eradication in Children

Helicobacter pylori infection is a prevalent disease among Iranian children. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of ciprofloxacin and furazolidone on eradicating helicobacter pylori in Iranian children in combination with amoxicillin and omeprazole. In this cohort study, helicobacter pylori infection was confirmed by gastroscopy, rapid urease test or pathologic assessments. A total of 66 children were randomly enrolled; based on the random number table, and were divided into two groups; first, a combination regimen consisting of ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin, and omeprazole; second, a three-medication regimen consisting of amoxicillin, furazolidone, and omeprazole. The effect of both medical regimens on the successful eradication of helicobacter pylori infection was assessed and compared. Chi-square test was used for evaluating the association between quantitative variables. All comparisons were made at the significance of P<0.05. Endoscopic tests prior to initiating treatments showed that 66.7% of the patients had a degree of nodularity while peptic ulcer was only observed in one patient. One month after the end of the treatments, eradication of the helicobacter pylori infection was reported 87.9% (29/33) in the first group (CAO) and 60.6% (20.33) in the second group (FAO) (P=0.011). It appears that a major advantage of our proposed regimen over others is a lack of wide use of fluoroquinolones for treating children’s diseases. Given FDA’s recommendation about the possibility of prescribing ciprofloxacin for infected patients with multidrug resistance, we can use the regimen proposed in this study in patients with resistance to standard treatments