Impact of SNPs/haplotypes of IL10 and IFNG on the development of diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on cytokine genes in the development of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). One hundred and twelve patients and 221 controls were investigated. Among them, 97 patients treated with R-CHOP were subdivided into two groups: (i) complete remission of the disease and (ii) patients who progressed to death, relapsed, or had disease progression. The SNPs investigated by PCR-SSP were TNF -308G>A (rs1800629), IFNG +874A>T (rs2430561), IL6 -174G>C (rs1800795), IL10 -1082A>G (rs1800896), IL10 -819C>T (rs1800871), IL10 -592C>A (rs1800872), and TGFB1 codon10T>C (rs1982073) and codon25G>C (rs1800471). In general, the genotypes that have been associated in the literature with lower production or intermediate production of IL-10 and higher production of IFN-gamma were associated with the protection of the development of the disease, possibly favoring the Th1 immune response and diminishing the capacity of cell proliferation. However, patients receiving R-CHOP treatment presented unfavorable prognoses in the presence of genotypes related to the intermediate production of IL-10 and high production of TGF-beta 1, indicating that cytokines may be related to the response to treatment and action mechanisms of Rituximab2019CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPnão temnão temnão te

Importance of KIR genes and cytokine genes in diffuse large B cell lymphoma

Orientadores: Carmino Antonio de Souza, Jeane Eliete Laguila VisentainerTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: O Linfoma difuso de grandes células B (LDGCB) representa o subtipo mais prevalente de linfoma maligno não-Hodgkin, sendo responsável por 30-40% de todos os casos de LNH. O LDGCB não tem etiologia e patogênese bem definidas, porém o seu desenvolvimento parece estar relacionado a respostas imunes ineficazes, devido a frequente associação desse linfoma com estados de imunossupressão. Os fatores genéticos envolvidos no desenvolvimento e evolução da doença não são bem entendidos. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a influência dos genes KIR, dos ligantes HLA e do polimorfismo em genes de citocinas na susceptibilidade ou resistência ao desenvolvimento de LDGCB, bem como na evolução clínica e resposta ao tratamento. Para tanto, foram selecionados 112 pacientes com diagnóstico de LDGCB e 292 doadores de sangue e medula óssea como grupo controle. As tipificações dos genes KIR e dos ligantes HLA foram realizadas com a técnica de PCR-SSOP e a tipificação de citocinas foi realizada com a técnica PCR-SSP. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas pelo pacote estatístico "R" versão 3.0.2 para o programa Windows e os valores de P<0,05 foram considerados significativos. A distribuição dos genes KIR nos grupos estudados mostrou uma menor frequência do gene KIR2DL2 nos pacientes quando comparados aos controles (45,5% vs 58,1%; P=0,036), essa associação mostrou-se significativa também na combinação de KIR2DL2 com C1 (33,0%vs 45,9%; P=0,026) sugerindo um papel de proteção desse gene ao desenvolvimento de LDGCB. Em relação à evolução clínica da doença, os ligantes HLA-Bw4 e HLA-Bw4 80I foram mais frequentes nos pacientes com estádios mais avançados da doença (64,7% vs 40,9%; P=0,020 e 44,1% vs 25,0%; P=0,046, respectivamente) sugerindo que a presença desses ligantes pode ser fator de prognóstico ruim ao LDGCB. Em relação à resposta terapêutica, o gene KIR2DL3 foi associado positivamente ao tratamento do LDGCB, pois esse gene foi mais frequente nos indivíduos com resposta completa que nos indivíduos não respondedores (88,3% vs 71,0%; P=0,044). A respeito dos genes reguladores de citocinas, o genótipo IFN-gama-874/A:A foi associado positivamente ao LDGCB, sendo encontrado mais frequente nos pacientes que nos controles (50,9% vs 27,9%; P=0,001). Contrariamente os genótipos: IFN-gama-874/T:A, IL10-819/C:C e IL10-592/C:C foram menos frequentes nos pacientes que nos controles (P=0,001; P=0,025; P=0,025). Ademais, o genótipo IL10-1082/G:G foi relacionado a maior sobrevida livre de progressão. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que os genes KIR, os ligantes HLA e os genes de citocinas parecem ter envolvimento na proteção, susceptibilidade, evolução clínica e resposta ao tratamento do LDGCBAbstract: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most prevalent subtype of malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma and affects approximately 30-40 % of all cases. The DLBCL has no clearly defined etiology and pathogenesis, but its development seems to be related to ineffective immune responses due to frequent association of lymphoma with immunosuppression. Genetic factors involved in the development and progression of the disease are not well understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of KIR genes, HLA ligands and cytokine polymorphisms in the susceptibility or resistance to the development of DLBCL, as well as influence in the clinical course and response to treatment. To this end, we selected 112 patients with DLBCL and 292 bone marrow donors as control group. The typing of KIR genes and HLA ligands were performed by PCR-SSOP and typing of cytokine genes was performed by PCR-SSP technique. Statistical analyzes were performed by the statistical package " R " version 3.0.2 for Windows program. P values < 0.05 were considered significant. The distribution of KIR genes in both groups showed a lower frequency of the KIR2DL2 gene in patients compared to controls (45.5% vs 58.1% P=0.036), this association was significant also in combination KIR2DL2 with C1 (33.0% vs 45.9%, P=0.026) suggesting a protective role of this gene to the development of DLBCL. Regarding the clinical course of the disease, HLA-Bw4 and HLA-Bw4 80I ligands were more frequent in patients with more advanced stages of the disease (64.7% vs 40.9%, P=0.020 and 44.1% vs 25 0%, P=0.046, respectively) suggesting that the presence of these ligands may be poor prognostic factor to DLBCL. In regard to treatment response, the KIR2DL3 gene was positively associated with the treatment of DLBCL, because this gene was more frequent in individuals with complete response than in nonresponders individuals (88.3% vs 71.0%, P=0.044 ). Regarding the cytokine genes , IFN -gamma-874/A genotype:A/A was positively associated with DLBCL, it was more frequently in patients than in controls (50.9% vs 27.9%, P=0.001). On other hand genotypes: IFNG -874 /T:A, IL10-819/C:C and IL10 -592 /C:C were less frequent in patients than in controls (P=0.001, P=0.025, P=0.025 respectively). Moreover, the genotype IL-1082/G:G was related to increased progression-free survival. The results suggest that the KIR genes, HLA ligands and cytokine genes seem to be involved in the protection, susceptibility, clinical course and response to treatment of DLBCLDoutoradoClinica MedicaDoutora em Clínica Médic

Otimização de metodologia para o estudo de genes KIR Methodology optimization for KIR genotyping

Receptores killer cell immunoglobulin-like (KIRs) são moléculas localizadas na superfície de células natural killer (NK) e em subpopulações de linfócitos T codificadas por genes do cromossomo 19q13.4. A interação entre receptores KIR e moléculas antígeno leucocitário humano (HLA) de classe I determina se células NK exercerão ou não sua função citotóxica e/ou secretora de citocinas ou se esta será inibida. Este trabalho teve por finalidade otimizar a metodologia para a genotipagem KIR, baseando-se nas condições descritas por Martin (2004). A técnica utilizada foi a reação em cadeia da polimerase com primers de sequência específica (PCR-SSP) com iniciadores sintetizados pela Invitrogen® e visualização do produto amplificado em gel de agarose a 2% com brometo de etídio. Adaptações foram realizadas e a concentração de alguns reagentes foi alterada, como a do controle interno de 100 nM para 150 nM, iniciadores específicos senso e antissenso de KIR12.5/12.3, KIR13.5/13.3, KIR14.5/14.3, KIR22.5/22.3 e KIR36.5/36.3 de 500 nM para 750 nM e da solução de MgCl2 de 1,5 mM para 2 mM. As concentrações dos demais reagentes e temperaturas de amplificação foram mantidas. Nessas condições, o uso da Taq DNA polimerase recombinante (Invitrogen®) foi satisfatório. Os resultados das genotipagens de 70 indivíduos foram confirmados por rSSO-Luminex® (One Lambda, Canoga Park, CA, EUA). A tipagem de genes KIR por essa técnica apresentou sensibilidade, especificidade, reprodutibilidade e baixo custo.<br>The killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are molecules expressed on natural killer (NK) cells surface and in T-cell subsets encoded by genes located in chromosome 19q13.4. The interaction between KIR receptors and HLA class I molecules determines if the NK cells will fulfill their cytotoxic function and/or cytokine secretion or if this function will be inhibited. The objective of this work was to optimize KIR genotyping method described by Martin (2004). It was used PCR-SSP (polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primers) with primers synthesized by Invitrogen® and visualization of the amplified products on 2% agarose gel electrophoresis, containing ethidium bromide. Some adaptations were made and the reagents had their concentrations increased: the internal control from 100 nM to 150 nM, forward and reverse specific primers KIR12.5/12.3, KIR13.5/13.3, KIR14.5/14.3, KIR22.5/22.3 and KIR36.5/36.3 from 500 nM to 750 nM, and MgCl2 solution from 1.5 mM to 2 mM. Other reagent concentrations and amplification temperatures were maintained. Satisfactory results were obtained with Taq DNA Polymerase Recombinant (Invitrogen®). The results of seventy samples were confirmed by rSSO-Luminex® (One Lambda, Canoga Park, CA, USA). This KIR typing method proved to be accurate, specific, reproducible and cost effective

The Association of the Immune Response Genes to Human Papillomavirus-Related Cervical Disease in a Brazilian Population

The genetic variability of the host contributes to the risk of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cervical disease. Immune response genes to HPV must be investigated to define patients with the highest risk of developing malignant disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of polymorphic immune response genes, namely KIR, HLA class I and II, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of cytokines with HPV-related cervical disease. We selected 79 non-related, admixed Brazilian women from the state of Paraná, southern region of Brazil, who were infected with high carcinogenic risk HPV and present cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3), and 150 HPV-negative women from the same region matched for ethnicity. KIR genes were genotyped using an in-house PCR-SSP. HLA alleles were typed using a reverse sequence-specific oligonucleotide technique. SNPs of TNF −308G>A, IL6 −174G>C, IFNG +874T>A, TGFB1 +869T>C +915G>C, and IL10 −592C>A −819C>T −1082G>A were evaluated using PCR-SSP. The KIR genes were not associated with HPV, although some pairs of i(inhibitory)KIR-ligands occurred more frequently in patients, supporting a role for NK in detrimental chronic inflammatory and carcinogenesis. Some HLA haplotypes were associated with HPV. The associations of INFG and IL10 SNPs potentially reflect impaired or invalid responses in advanced lesions

KIR genes and their human leukocyte antigen ligands in the progression to cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C

Natural killer (NK) cells play pivotal roles in immune responses against infection with viruses, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV), and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are related to the activation and inhibition of NK cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility that KIR genes and their human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ligands influence progression to cirrhosis in patients infected with genotype 1 of HCV. A total of 145 Brazilian patients with confirmed chronic hepatitis C grouped from F0 to F4 according to fibrosis progression to cirrhosis were evaluated. Genotyping of KIR and HLA genes was performed by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes. The HLA-C2 KIR ligand was more frequent in patients than in healthy controls (74.5% vs 64.3%, p = 0.04, odds ratio (OR) = 1.6, 95% confidence interval (Cl) = 1.03-2.52). Moreover, the HLA-C1C2 genotype was more frequent in patients with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis (F3-F4 group) than in patients in the F0-F2 group (61.6% vs 44.7%, p = 0.06) and in the F4 group compared with the F0-F3 group (65.7% vs 46.7%, p = 0.05, OR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.01-4.73). NK and KIR ligands may contribute to the development of liver damage in patients chronically infected by HCV. (C) 2011 American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Synergistic effect of KIR ligands missing and cytomegalovirus reactivation in improving outcomes of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation from HLA-matched sibling donor for treatment of myeloid malignancies

The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of KIR-HLA genotypes on the outcome of patients undergoing treatment for haematological malignancies by non-T-depleted lymphocyte haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from HLA-matched sibling donors. The prospective study was conducted at the Center of Hematology, University of Campinas, and 50 patients and their donors were followed up from 2008 to 2014. KIR and HLA class I genes were genotyped and patients grouped based on the presence of KIR ligands combined with KIR genotype of their respective donors. Patients with all KIR ligands present (n = 13) had a significantly higher (p = 0.04) incidence of acute graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) than patients with one or more KIR ligands missing (n = 37). The overall survival following transplantation of patients with myeloid malignancies (n = 27) was significantly higher (p = 0.035) in the group with one or more KIR ligands missing (n = 18) than in the group with all ligands present (n = 9). Presence of KIR2DS2 was associated with a worsening of HSCT outcome while reactivation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection improved the outcome of patients with one or more KIR ligands missing. Our results indicate that KIR-HLA interactions affect the outcome of the HLA-matched transplantation, particularly in patients with myeloid malignancies. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics7710861868FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP2014/14777-1; 2013/12625-5; 2014/07401-