24 research outputs found
Recherche des paramètres d’identification géotechnique optimaux pour une classification des sols sensibles au retrait-gonflement
L’article présente les premières mesures géotechniques réalisées sur des argiles gonflantes de deux formations géologiques plio-quatemaires d’aléa connu et provenant de quatre sites d’un même quartier de la commune de Pessac dans l’agglomération bordelaise (Gironde). Les quatre sites de prélèvement correspondent à des parcelles avec des sinistres sur constructions du type maison individuelle liés à des mouvements de sols différentiels.
Dans la première partie de ce travail, la formation géologique argileuse de Brach est détaillée du point de vue lithologique, et étudiée essentiellement au niveau d’un secteur limité de la commune de Pessac, là où les sinistres se concentrent depuis 1989. La carte de l’aléa retrait/gonflement, établie par le BRGM à l’échelle du département, indique que la formation de Brach présente un aléa faible à moyen. Dans cette formation, les sols argileux ont été caractérisés par leurs paramètres géotechniques de laboratoire les plus classiques (plasticité, valeur de bleu, etc.), ce qui a permis d’établir un classement des potentiels de gonflement et de retrait de chacun des sites. Dans la deuxième partie, l’étude porte sur l’analyse des différents paramètres géotechniques établis et d’autres plus spécifiques (CEC, MO, C2). Ce travail permet d’appréhender plus finement les paramètres optimaux dirigeant la susceptibilité des sols vis-à -vis du retrait/gonflement pour une même formation et ceci à grande échelle, celle d’un quartier
Engineering the information streaming within the Construction Virtual Enterprise: the OSMOS project
WEB-based generic services for the construction virtual enterprises in the OSMOS project
WEB-based generic services for the construction virtual enterprises in the OSMOS project
A conceptual framework for multi-modal interactive virtual workspace
Construction projects involve a large number of both direct stakeholders (clients, professional teams, contractors, etc.) and indirect stakeholders (local authorities, residents, workers, etc.). Current methods of communicating building design information can lead to several types of difficulties (e.g. incomplete understanding of the planned construction, functional inefficiencies, inaccurate initial work or clashes between components, etc.). Integrated software solutions based on VR technologies can bring significant value improvement and cost reduction to the Construction Industry. The aim of this paper is to present research being carried out in the frame of the DIVERCITY project (Distributed Virtual Workspace for Enhancing Communication within the Construction Industry - IST project n°13365), funded under the European IST programme (Information Society Technologies). DIVERCITY's goal is to develop a Virtual Workspace that addresses three key building construction phases: (1) Client briefing (with detailed interaction between clients and architects); (2) Design Review (which requires detailed input from multidisciplinary teams - architects, engineers, facility managers, etc.); (3) Construction (aiming to fabricate or refurbish the building).Using a distributed architecture, the DIVERCITY system aims to support and enhance concurrent engineering practices for these three phases allowing teams based in different geographic locations to collaboratively design, test and validate shared virtual projects. The global DIVERCITY project will be presented in terms of objectives and the software architecture will be detailed
Engineering the information streaming within the Construction Virtual Enterprise: the OSMOS project
Virtual Environments for the AEC Sector - The Divercity Experience
Construction projects involve a large number of both direct stakeholders (clients, professional teams, contractors, etc.) and indirect stakeholders (local authorities, residents, workers, etc.). Current methods of communicating building design information can lead to several types of difficulties (e.g. incomplete understanding of the planned construction, functional inefficiencies, inaccurate initial work or clashes between components, etc.). In that context, Virtual Environments can improve communication between different stakeholders around a visual, and thus intuitive, representation of the planned construction. The paper describes how, within the EC funded Divercity project (IST-1999-13 365), end-users contributed in defining the requirements for the use of VE in the Construction sector and in defining test scenarios adapted to their business needs. The overall outcomes of the project are also be presented and special focus is made on the Design Review Workspace
The 2010 Hans Cloos lecture : the contribution of urban geology to the development, regeneration and conservation of cities
Urban geology began to develop in the 1950s, particularly in California in relation to land-use planning, and led to Robert Legget publishing his seminal book “Cities and geology” in 1973. Urban geology has now become an important part of engineering geology. Research and practice has seen the evolution from single theme spatial datasets to multi-theme and multi-dimensional outputs for a wide range of users. In parallel to the development of these new outputs to aid urban development, regeneration and conservation, has been the growing recognition that city authorities need access to extensive databases of geo-information that are maintained in the long-term and renewed regularly. A further key advance has been the recognition that, in the urban environment, knowledge and understanding of the geology need to be integrated with those of other environmental topics (for example, biodiversity) and, increasingly, with the research of social scientists, economists and others. Despite these advances, it is suggested that the value of urban geology is not fully recognised by those charged with the management and improvement of the world’s cities. This may be because engineering geologists have failed to adequately demonstrate the benefits of urban geological applications in terms of cost and environmental improvement, have not communicated these benefits well enough and have not clearly shown the long-term contribution of geo-information to urban sustainability. Within this context future actions to improve the situation are proposed
Le traité MIM " Fiabilité des ouvrages ", Sécurité, sûreté, variabilité, maintenance
Comment identifier les dysfonctionnements les plus probables et les scénarios de défaillance critiques ? Comment décrire et exploiter des données relatives à des matériaux hétérogènes, variables dans l'espace ou le temps ? Comment quantifier la fiabilité ou la durée de vie d'un système ? Comment exploiter l'information acquise dans le temps pour actualiser les calculs fiabilistes ? Comment optimiser une politique d'inspection et de maintenance ? Ce traité sur la fiabilité des ouvrages apporte des éléments de réponse. Les auteurs, issus d'entreprises ou d'établissements publics de recherche, exposent des méthodes éprouvées ou plus récentes et les appliquent à divers domaines (construction, nucléaire, pétrolier). Ces méthodes sont applicables à tout système complexe en contexte incertain. L'ouvrage s'adresse ainsi aux communautés du génie civil, de la mécanique ainsi qu'à tous les utilisateurs de la théorie de la fiabilité, dans le secteur industriel ou académique. Étudiants (Masters ou écoles d'ingénieur), doctorants, ingénieurs, chercheurs y trouveront bases de réflexion et outils