El impacto de la 4.0 en lo organización del trabajo

Actualmente nos encontramos inmersos en la cuarta revolución industrial, también conocida como Industria 4.0. Esta nueva revolución industrial trae consigo un conjunto de tecnologías como son el internet de las cosas, el big data, el blockchain, la realidad virtual, la realidad aumentada, la impresión 3D o los cobots. Todas ellas, suponen un cambio sustancial en la forma de trabajar y de organizar el trabajo y por tanto, en los riesgos a los que están expuestos los trabajadores. Esta transformación laboral ya se ha iniciado y es importante que todos los agentes implicados participen en la regulación de este nuevo entorno de trabajo.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Gamificación y competitividad en el sistema de evaluación para impulsar la motivación del alumnado mediante el uso de TICs

Promover iniciativas que provoquen innovación en la dinámica docente universitaria, promoviendo la motivación y participación del alumnado, es un aspecto fundamental para favorecer procesos de desarrollo y de mejora de la calidad. Por ello, en la Universidad de Málaga se está llevando a cabo un proyecto centrado en el empleo de herramientas basadas en la gamificación como es el KAHOOT (Making Learning Awesome). Así, se plantea un juego donde los alumnos participan de manera individual o grupal en un concurso de preguntas estableciéndose una competición en conocimientos y habilidades.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Metodología de Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas para desarrollar nuevas competencias en el ámbito de investigación de operaciones

En este trabajo se propone el uso de una metodología de Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP) para proporcionar una mejora en la calidad del aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Se propone el uso de esta metodología en la asignatura de segundo curso “Métodos cuantitativos de investigación operativa” del grado en Ingeniería de Organización Industrial, en la que los alumnos adquieren conocimientos de diversas técnicas para mejorar la toma de decisiones sobre problemas cotidianos en la gestión de las organizaciones.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Analysis of Required Investigations of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Spain

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are the most common source of occupational health problems in Western countries. In Spain, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) can be reported either as accidents or occupational diseases. When reported as an occupational disease, a full diagnosis is performed, as the compensation system needs the approval of the social security authority and a mandatory investigation has to be performed. Although many methods are available for investigating the causes of occupational accidents, occupational diseases have not been analysed with the same depth, and there is a lack of investigation methods. This paper aims to analyse the role of 43 occupational investigations of causes of musculoskeletal diseases in the prevention cycle. This study is based on the occupational investigations performed by workplaces’ occupational health and safety specialists when musculoskeletal diseases are reported. The analysis of the data involves descriptive statistics and the Φ coeffcient. Based on administrative data, 68 workplaces employing 15,260 workers were surveyed and 41 workplaces with 13,201 workers submitted valid questionnaires to be analysed. The most frequent cause of reported musculoskeletal disease, in terms of primary risk, is repetitive movement. The only proposed measure with a significant association to the exposure by repetitive movements is job rotation (alternating workers between tasks within a job or between activities as a means to vary different levels of exposure). The investigation of occupational diseases has been useful in most of the cases for proposing preventive measures. Most of the workplaces surveyed have performed investigations and adopted preventive measures, but the managers of some workplaces were not aware of any disease notification regarding their workers when surveyed. More research is needed to provide tools for this important task

Composite leading indicator to assess the resilience engineering in occupational health & safety in municipal solid waste management companies.

Resilience Engineering is a paradigm that attempts to focus on learning from what works well rather than from failures. There have been few studies focusing on the quantitative evaluation of Resilience Engineering and none have been conducted for the Municipal Solid Waste sector. Composite indicators are a useful analytical tool for making decisions involving complex, multi-dimensional social phenomena, and we have used this approach to design a model to assess the level of implementation of Resilience Engineering in Municipal Solid Waste companies. Designed as a Composite Leading Indicator, based on the model created by Wreathall and Shirali et al., its weighting was defined by 22 Spanish and Italian Delphi experts. The results show a high level of consensus. With regard to the principle Top Management Commitment, a high value was assigned to raising awareness over the need to halt production when there is a safety risk. In connection with Culture of Learning, the experts emphasised the importance of establishing mechanisms to clearly define the person responsible for safety in each of the activities carried out in the company. In the area of Flexibility, they agreed on the importance of convincing workers that if they encounter a problem, the criterion to follow is to sacrifice production rather than safety to maintain the system.This research forms part of the CICE SAFERA Eranet 2013 project “Design and development of a simulation tool for decision making in the management of health and safety based on resilience engineering to promote a safety culture change process in MSW treatment companies (Asses-Re-Tool)”. This work was funded by the Government of Andalusia, awarded by the Department of Economy, Innovation and Science through the Agency of Innovation and Development of Andalusia and by Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL). We would like to thank Professor Saeed Shirali at the Ahvez Jundishapur University, the Spanish and Italian experts who took part in the Delphi study, LIMASA, which facilitated our participation in the project, and Universita Degli Studi Federico II di Napoli. We would also like to express our gratitude for the field work carried out by Pedro Fenoy Illacer in Spain and by Nicola Forcelli in Italy. Finally, it is also necessary to thank the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport of the Government of Spain for its support through the “Programa de Formación del Profesorado Universitario" (FPU 16/03298)

Desarrollo de un repositorio común de contenidos para facilitar el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje

La adaptación e implantación del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) [1] ha supuesto un importante cambio en los modelos de enseñanza universitarios. Entre estos cambios destaca la utilización de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC), la evaluación continuada y la docencia participativa, situando al alumno como elemento activo del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Las TIC han dado lugar a nuevas herramientas que permiten a los estudiantes descubrir, construir y transformar su conocimiento de manera distinta a como se ha realizado tradicionalmente [2], donde el método expositivo o clase magistral era la única metodología docente. Con esta metodología, el alumno alcanza competencias disciplinares específicas de manera aislada, obviando competencias sistémicas y transversales, personales y participativas, las cuales son relevantes para los alumnos en el ámbito de ingeniería [3]. La propuesta de este trabajo se centra en la construcción de un repositorio de contenidos en el campus virtual para asignaturas de ingenierías, con el fin de conseguir una mejora en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El objetivo que se pretende alcanzar con esta actividad es que el alumno desarrolle y alcance las competencias de capacidad de análisis y síntesis, así como aumentar la participación e interés de la asignatura. Esta actividad se incluye en el modelo de evaluación continua.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Does Europe Need an EU Product Safety Directive for Access Scaffolding?

The main requirement established for the development of European Union product safety directives is to ensure a high level of safety for users. This research aims to analyze whether Europe needs a product safety directive for scaffolding and identify the main factors to be defined in public policies on the use of standardized scaffolding in the absence of such a directive. The principal types of scaffolding were reviewed, along with European regulations, and their risk levels. Finally, a qualitative study using a panel of experts was conducted to determine the differences between types of scaffolding and whether the enactment of such a directive would be justified. Key results were that the risk level associated with scaffolding positioned it third or fourth between material agents more hazardous in relation to falls from height. There is no existing product safety directive for scaffolding, despite the fact that there are directives for other products less dangerous than or as dangerous as scaffolding. However, there are noncompulsory standards EN 12810-1-2 and EN 12811-1-2-3-4 for scaffolding, which would form the basis of the essential requirements contained in a directive if it were created. The experts highlighted significant differences between “standardized” and “nonstandardized” scaffolding, with higher safety levels and productivity, and better maintenance, inspection, assembly, and dismantling associated with the former, and lower costs with the latter. Thus, they found that the enacting of an EU product safety directive for scaffolding would be justifiable, and in its absence supported the promotion of the use of standardized scaffolding.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad BIA2016-79270-PMinisterio de Educación, Cultura y Deportes FPU 2016/0329

Assessment of Chainsaw Operators Training in Andalusia (Spain)

The chainsaw, as a work equipment, is considered one of the most dangerous in the field of occupational health and safety. The chainsaw is especially used in the forestry sector, although it is also used in other different sectors such as agriculture, construction or gardening. This study was carried out using an ad-hoc questionnaire as a research tool in order to assess the weaknesses in the training received by workers who use chainsaws in Andalusia, Spain, since it has never been addressed before. To achieve the objective set, the questionnaire was completed by 378 operators working with chainsaw and their responses were analysed. The results of this study show that there are obvious shortcomings related to work with chainsaws in very significant aspects for the occupational health and safety. Of special importance is the lack of training detected on rescue techniques and work at height, since these are aspects of special risk for workers’ health that could cause accidents with severe injuries. Also, a common denominator in all aspects studied was the lack of safety inspections and the state of the equipment to be used. These results evidence that there is a need to regulate chainsaw operator training

Análisis de la siniestralidad laboral en trabajadores por cuenta propia en España (2019-2020).

Tras la puesta en vigor del Real Decreto-ley 28/2018, de 28 de diciembre, se produjo un cambio inusual que afectaba a la contabilización de los accidentes laborales en lo trabajadores por cuenta propia en España, dado que debían cotizar la totalidad de contingencias cuando antes era voluntario. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo conocer el estado de la siniestralidad laboral de los trabajadores por cuenta propia tras la aparición de esta nueva legislación. Para alcanzar el objetivo planteado, se efectúa el análisis de 68.378 accidentes laborales en trabajadores autónomos obtenidos a partir de las Estadísticas de siniestralidad laboral del Ministerio de Trabajo y Economía Social del Gobierno de España entre los años 2019 y 2020. Se ha estudiado la evolución de los índices de incidencia de accidentes de trabajo ocurridos en jornada laboral divididos por sector, sección, comunidad autónoma, edad y género del accidentado. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el sector de la construcción es el de mayor índice de siniestralidad. La Comunidad Foral de Navarra tiene el mayor índice de incidencia a pesar de no ser la comunidad con mayor número de accidentes laborales de autónomos, siendo los autónomos varones de 16 a 24 años los que tienen mayor tasa de siniestralidad laboral. Estos resultados plantean conclusiones relevantes para mejorar la actividad diaria del colectivo del trabajador autónomo tan importante y esencial para la economía española.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Memoria del IV Coloquio Internacional sobre Diversidad Cultural y Estudios Regionales

Esta memoria del IV Coloquio Internacional sobre Diversidad Cultural y Estudios Regionales: Escenarios de la heterogeneidad, memorias y culturas, realizada por el Centro de Investigaciones sobre Diversidad Cultural y Estudios Regionales, CIDICER, en 2016, compila las ponencias presentadas, las cuales se organizan por ejes temáticos, en 7 apartados: Culturas, Identidades e Imaginarios, Literatura Cultura e Identidades, Estéticas de la Heterogeneidad, Pluriculturalidad y Grupos Minoritarios, Diversidad Cultural e Identidades, Literatura, Identidades y Género.UCR::Sedes Regionales::Sede de Occidente::Recinto San Ramón::Centro de Investigaciones sobre Diversidad Cultural y Estudios Regionales (CIDICER