LIFE EXTENSION TECHNIQUE FOR WELDED STRUCTURE USING HFMI/PIT: A REVIEW ON PAST AND CURRENT RESEARCHES WITH APPLICATIONS

In this paper, High Frequency Mechanical Impact (HFMI) using Pneumatic Impact Treatment (PIT) which can be applied for new or aging welded structure towards asset integrity will be discussed. The technology HFMI/PIT which falls under post weld treatment process is primarily aimed to enhance fatigue life and to strengthen welded joint. At first, the basic principle on fatigue of welded structure based on the IIW Recommendation will be briefly described. Further, various investigations conducted by prominent research universities or institutions and various industrial applications in European countries will be reviewed and discussed. Lastly, the current research on application of HFMI/PIT carried out under Advanced Manufacturing Technology Excellence Centre (AMTEx) at Faculty of Mechanical Engineering UiTM Shah Alam will be presented. As conclusion, it is stated that HFMI/PIT can be applied for extending the structural life and also for design optimization

LIFE EXTENSION TECHNIQUE FOR WELDED STRUCTURE USING HFMI/PIT: A REVIEW ON PAST AND CURRENT RESEARCHES WITH APPLICATIONS

In this paper, High Frequency Mechanical Impact (HFMI) using Pneumatic Impact Treatment (PIT) which can be applied for new or aging welded structure towards asset integrity will be discussed. The technology HFMI/PIT which falls under post weld treatment process is primarily aimed to enhance fatigue life and to strengthen welded joint. At first, the basic principle on fatigue of welded structure based on the IIW Recommendation will be briefly described. Further, various investigations conducted by prominent research universities or institutions and various industrial applications in European countries will be reviewed and discussed. Lastly, the current research on application of HFMI/PIT carried out under Advanced Manufacturing Technology Excellence Centre (AMTEx) at Faculty of Mechanical Engineering UiTM Shah Alam will be presented. As conclusion, it is stated that HFMI/PIT can be applied for extending the structural life and also for design optimization

A feasibility study on low temperature thermochemical treatments of austenitic stainless steel in fluidized bed furnace.

In this work, the feasibility of using an industrial fluidized bed furnace to perform low temperature thermochemical treatments of austenitic stainless steels has been studied, with the aim to produce expanded austenite layers with combined wear and corrosion resistance, similar to those achievable by plasma and gaseous processes. Several low temperature thermochemical treatments were studied,including nitriding, carburizing, combined nitriding carburizing (hybrid treatment), and sequential carburizing and nitriding. The results demonstrate that it is feasible to produce expanded austenite layers on the investigated austenitic stainless steel by the fluidized bed heat treatment technique, thus widening the application window for the novel low temperature processes. The results also demonstrate that the fluidized bed furnace is the most effective for performing the hybrid treatment, which involves the simultaneous incorporation of nitrogen and carbon together into the surface region of the component in nitrogen and carbon containing atmospheres. Such hybrid treatment produces a thicker and harder layer than the other three processes investigated

An investigation on low-temperature thermochemical treatments of austenitic stainless steel in fluidized bed furnace.

In this study, the feasibility of using an industrial fluidized bed furnace to perform low-temperature thermochemical treatments of austenitic stainless steels has been studied, with the aim to produce expanded austenite layers with combined wear and corrosion resistance, similar to those achievable by plasma and gaseous processes. Several low-temperature thermochemical treatments were studied, including nitriding, carburizing, combined nitriding-carburizing (hybrid treatment), and sequential carburizing and nitriding. The results demonstrate that it is feasible to produce expanded austenite layers on the investigated austenitic stainless steel by the fluidized bed heat treatment technique, thus widening the application window for the novel low-temperature processes. The results also demonstrate that the fluidized bed furnace is the most effective for performing the hybrid treatment, which involves the simultaneous incorporation of nitrogen and carbon together into the surface region of the component in nitrogen- and carbon-containing atmospheres. Such hybrid treatment produces a thicker and harder layer than the other three processes investigated

Performances and New Aspects of Multi-GNSS, Dual Frequency and Low-Cost Receivers in Harsh Urban Environments

Traditionally, multi-constellation and multi-frequency chipsets were only adopted on geodetic receivers, considering the high costs and limited number of mass applications. Nowadays, with a wide range of constellations available, satellite navigation has opened up to many civilian domains like navigation and positioning, surveying and mapping, weather prediction, mobile satellite communications, smart technologies, etc. Currently, many geodetic receivers are available and they can provide highly accurate results up to millimetre level. In addition, there are several low-cost solutions, which are able to work in multi-constellation and multi-frequencies domain. Usually the accuracy of receivers, especially low-cost ones, is not very high in harsh urban environment due to low visibility of satellites, frequent signal blockages and increasing multipath effects. In this paper the accuracy and the reliability of multi-GNSS (GPS/GLONASS/BeiDou/Galileo), low-cost single and dual frequency receivers are investigated and analysed for kinematic positioning. Different datasets have been collected by single (Emlid Reach GNSS) and dual frequency GNSS receivers (i.e. Tersus Precis BX306 and Piksi multi GNSS) in a harsh urban environment and then analysed using real time and post-processed solutions. This work shows that under suitable conditions, mass-market sensors could be a valid alternative to a more expensive receiver for many environmental applications

God Servants' Knowledge And Stigma Of Tuberculosis In Kupang Indonesia

Background: Knowledge and stigma are the factors that determine the success of TB control. The people of East Nusa Tenggara still rely heavily on the support of God's servants in addressing health issues. God's servant is someone who is believed to have the gift of healing through prayer to the Lord Jesus. Aim: This study aimed to reveal God's servants' knowledge on and stigma to TB.Methods: This study is a descriptive quantitative study, in which the research aims to perceive God's servants' knowledge and stigma to TB in 2 community health centers with the most TB cases in Kupang. The population of the study was God's servants in three areas of coverage of community health centers with the most TB cases. The sample of the study was the entire population (Total sampling) as many as 120 people. Data were collected through questionnaires and using mid-point score.Results: The results showed that the knowledge related to transmission, treatment, and prevention of Tuberculosis was low, amounted to 76%, similar to the stigma to TB that was amounted to 58%. God's servants still held the stigma that TB is a curse and disgraceful disease and they were unwilling to share with tuberculosis patients.Conclusion: God's servants' knowledge related to TB is low. As for stigma, even though mostly is low, there are still many God's servants who give stigma to TB disease. Since God's servant is a potential figure believed by some people to have the gift of healing, their knowledge and stigma needs to be improved in order to provide true information and support for TB patients