Studies on the effects of public policy on formation of large-scale landscapes : Focusing on Sapporo and Obihiro regions in Hokkaido [an abstract of dissertation and a summary of dissertation review]

<p>Spearman correlation coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) between accelerometer counts, Physical Activity Energy Expenditure (PAEE), Physical Activity Level (PAL), Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA), sedentary time, the Improved Physical Activity Index (IPAI) (continuous and in categories), the Cambridge Index, and the Total Physical Activity Index in 911 participants of the EPIC Germany study validation sample.</p

Characteristics for the Improved Physical Activity Index (IPAI) variables sport score, cycling (h/week), type of work, television viewing score, and weekend evening computer use in 433 participants of the EPIC Germany study training sample.

<p>Characteristics for the Improved Physical Activity Index (IPAI) variables sport score, cycling (h/week), type of work, television viewing score, and weekend evening computer use in 433 participants of the EPIC Germany study training sample.</p

Study population characteristics.

<p>Study population characteristics.</p

Spearman correlation coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) between accelerometer counts, Physical Activity Energy Expenditure (PAEE), Physical Activity Level (PAL), Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA), sedentary time, the Improved Physical Activity Index (IPAI) (continuous and in categories), the Cambridge Index, and the Total Physical Activity Index in 699 non-working participants of the EPIC Germany sub-study.

<p>Spearman correlation coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) between accelerometer counts, Physical Activity Energy Expenditure (PAEE), Physical Activity Level (PAL), Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA), sedentary time, the Improved Physical Activity Index (IPAI) (continuous and in categories), the Cambridge Index, and the Total Physical Activity Index in 699 non-working participants of the EPIC Germany sub-study.</p

Baseline characteristics across categories of baseline alcohol consumption in 815 men of a randomly drawn subcohort.

<p>Baseline characteristics across categories of baseline alcohol consumption in 815 men of a randomly drawn subcohort.</p

Relative Risks and 95% CI from a meta-analysis of rs698 or rs1693482 in the <i>ADH1C</i> gene and CVD.

<p>Estimates are for the comparison of the slow-coding genotype (<i>ADH1C*2/2</i>) with the fast-coding genotype (<i>ADH1C*1/1</i>) (A) Including risk estimates not adjusted for alcohol consumption. (B) Including risk estimates adjusted for alcohol consumption. Data for the Second Northwick Park Heart Study obtained by personal communication with the corresponding author.</p

Baseline characteristics across drinking categories in 1360 women of a randomly drawn subcohort.

<p>Baseline characteristics across drinking categories in 1360 women of a randomly drawn subcohort.</p

a–f. Illustration of different MRI body compartments in the sub-study of the German EPIC cohorts.

<p>a–f. Illustration of different MRI body compartments in the sub-study of the German EPIC cohorts.</p

Pearson correlation coefficients (95% CI) between anthropometric and MRI variables adjusted for age and height with the residual method in men (n = 598).

<p>BMI = body mass index, WC = waist circumference, HC = hip circumference, TBV = total body volume, TAT = total adipose tissue, SAT = subcutaneous adipose tissue, VAT = visceral adipose tissue, CAT = coronary adipose tissue, SMT = skeletal muscle tissue.</p

Anthropometric variables and body compartments as assessed by MRI by sex and age groups¹, all values are presented as mean (min, max).

<p>TBV = total body volume, TAT = total adipose tissue, VAT = visceral adipose tissue, SAT = subcutaneous adipose tissue, CAT = coronary adipose tissue, SMT = skeletal muscle tissue.</p>1<p>Sub-study participants were sampled by baseline age groups (35–44 y, 45–54 y, 55–64 y). Due to the 4-year baseline period (1994–1998), age groups at time of sub-study (2010–2012) may overlap.</p