Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Lead and Lithium in Liquid Phase

Pb17Li is today a reference breeder material in diverse fusion R&D programs worldwide. Extracting dynamic and structural properties of liquid LiPb mixtures via molecular dynamics simulations, represent a crucial step for multiscale modeling efforts in order to understand the suitability of this compound for future Nuclear Fusion technologies. At present a Li-Pb cross potential is not available in the literature. Here we present our first results on the validation of two semi-empirical potentials for Li and Pb in liquid phase. Our results represent the establishment of a solid base as a previous but crucial step to implement a LiPb cross potential. Structural and thermodynamical analyses confirm that the implemented potentials for Li and Pb are realistic to simulate both elements in the liquid phase

New simulations to qualify eutectic lithium-lead as breeder material

Pb17Li is today a reference breeder material in diverse fusion R&D programs worldwide. One of the main issues is the problem of liquid metals breeder blanket behavior. The knowledge of eutectic properties like optimal composition, physical and thermodynamic behavior or diffusion coefficients of Tritium are extremely necessary for current designs. In particular, the knowledge of the function linking the tritium concentration dissolved in liquid materials with the tritium partial pressure at a liquid/gas interface in equilibrium, CT =f(PT ), is of basic importance because it directly impacts all functional properties of a blanket determining: tritium inventory, tritium permeation rate and tritium extraction efficiency. Nowadays, understanding the structure and behavior of this compound is a real goal in fusion engineering and materials science. Atomistic simulations of liquids can provide much information; not only supplementing experimental data, but providing new tests of theories and ideas, making specific predictions that require experimental tests, and ultimately helping to a deeper understandin

Argentina´s economic crisis and its impact on female labour force participation (1970-1994)

This paper analyses the impact of the economic crises in Argentina on women´s participation in thelabour market between 1970 and 1994. These decades marked, on the one hand, a great advance in the incorporation of women into the workforce. On the other hand, since the 1975 crisis (and subsequent ones), changes in the Argentine economy have had an impact on the structure of the labour market, and in particular on women´s participation. On the basis of official records (censuses, legislation, etc.), the evolution of women´s participation in the labour market (both in general and by sector) is reconstructed. An attempt will be made to explain the variation in women´s participation in different activities and sectors, in the context of the severe economic crises suffered by Argentina. One of the main conclusions is that the crisis accelerated the trend of women´s entry into the world of work.En este trabajo se analiza el impacto de las crisis económicas en Argentina en la participación de las mujeres en el mercado de trabajo, entre 1970 y 1994. Estas décadas marcan, por un lado, un gran avance en la incorporación de las mujeres en el mundo laboral. Por otro, desde la crisis de 1975 (y las subsiguientes) los cambios en la economía argentina impactaron en la estructura del mercado de trabajo, y, en particular, la participación de las mujeres. En base a los registros oficiales (censos, legislación, etc.) se reconstruye la evolución de la participación de las mujeres en el trabajo (tanto general como por sectores). Se intentará explicar la variación en la participación de las mujeres en diferentes ramas y sectores, en el contexto de las crisis económicas severas sufridas por la Argentina. Una de las principales conclusiones es que la crisis aceleró la tendencia al ingreso de las mujeres al mundo del trabajo.Fil: Cuesta, Eduardo Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Economía Política de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Economía Política de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Curvale, Ernesto Manuel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Economicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Economicas. Centro de Estudios Económicos de la Empresa y el Desarrollo; ArgentinaFil: Scuzzarello, Camila. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Departamento de Historia; Argentin

Argentina´s economic crisis and its impact on female labour force participation (1970-1994)

This paper analyses the impact of the economic crises in Argentina on women´s participation in thelabour market between 1970 and 1994. These decades marked, on the one hand, a great advance in the incorporation of women into the workforce. On the other hand, since the 1975 crisis (and subsequent ones), changes in the Argentine economy have had an impact on the structure of the labour market, and in particular on women´s participation. On the basis of official records (censuses, legislation, etc.), the evolution of women´s participation in the labour market (both in general and by sector) is reconstructed. An attempt will be made to explain the variation in women´s participation in different activities and sectors, in the context of the severe economic crises suffered by Argentina. One of the main conclusions is that the crisis accelerated the trend of women´s entry into the world of work.En este trabajo se analiza el impacto de las crisis económicas en Argentina en la participación de las mujeres en el mercado de trabajo, entre 1970 y 1994. Estas décadas marcan, por un lado, un gran avance en la incorporación de las mujeres en el mundo laboral. Por otro, desde la crisis de 1975 (y las subsiguientes) los cambios en la economía argentina impactaron en la estructura del mercado de trabajo, y, en particular, la participación de las mujeres. En base a los registros oficiales (censos, legislación, etc.) se reconstruye la evolución de la participación de las mujeres en el trabajo (tanto general como por sectores). Se intentará explicar la variación en la participación de las mujeres en diferentes ramas y sectores, en el contexto de las crisis económicas severas sufridas por la Argentina. Una de las principales conclusiones es que la crisis aceleró la tendencia al ingreso de las mujeres al mundo del trabajo.Fil: Cuesta, Eduardo Martín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Economía Política de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Instituto Interdisciplinario de Economía Política de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Curvale, Ernesto Manuel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Economicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Economicas. Centro de Estudios Económicos de la Empresa y el Desarrollo; ArgentinaFil: Scuzzarello, Camila. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Departamento de Historia; Argentin

Influence of termal fluctuations in radiation damage cascade production and defect dynamics in tungsten

The detailed study of the deterioration suffered by the materials of the components of a nuclear facility, in particular those forming part of the reactor core, is a topic of great interest which importance derives in large technological and economic implications. Since changes in the atomic-structural properties of relevant components pose a risk to the smooth operation with clear consequences for security and life of the plant, controlling these factors is essential in any development of engineering design and implementation. In recent times, tungsten has been proposed as a structural material based on its good resistance to radiation, but still needs to be done an extensive study on the influence of temperature on the behavior of this material under radiation damage. This work aims to contribute in this regard. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out to determine the influence of temperature fluctuations on radiation damage production and evolution in Tungsten. We have particularly focused our study in the dynamics of defect creation, recombination, and diffusion properties. PKA energies were sampled in a range from 5 to 50 KeV. Three different temperature scenarios were analyzed, from very low temperatures (0-200K), up to high temperature conditions (300-500 K). We studied the creation of defects, vacancies and interstitials, recombination rates, diffusion properties, cluster formation, their size and evolution. Simulations were performed using Lammps and the Zhou EAM potential for

Quantum molecular dynamics and ab initio studies of the crystal structure of hydrogen and deuterium

Hydrogen isotopes play a critical role both in inertial and magnetic confinemen Nuclear Fusion. Since the preferent fuel needed for this technology is a mixture of deuterium and tritium. The study of these isotopes particularly at very low temperatures carries a technological interest in other applications. The present line promotes a deep study on the structural configuration that hydrogen and deuterium adopt at cryogenic temperatures and at high pressures. Typical conditions occurring in present Inertial Fusion target designs. Our approach is aims to determine the crystal structure characteristics, phase transitions and other parameters strongly correlated to variations of temperature and pressure

Nanocrystals in the manufacture of target for inertial confinement fusion

Systems inertial confinement fusion (ICF) need of a manufacturing process targets very accurate and efficient (Fig. A). Due to the frequency needed for energy production techniques are necessary to achieve high repetition rates, however it is also necessary to increase or maintain the quality and efficiency of these targets. In order to observe more resolution possible problems in the target manufacture (B), we propose the following theoretical methodology, by means of which analyze different phenomena present in the conditions which are fabrication and handled deuterium tritium target spheres (DT ice). Recent experiments show that addition of instabilities caused by the geometry of the solid layer of DT ice (C), and the cover (ablator), one can relate the loss of power delivery in the implosion due to different conformations of the solid layers with regarding handling conditions

Molecular dynamics simulations of lead and lithium in liquid phase

Pb17Li is today a reference breeder material in diverse fusion R&D programs worldwide. Extracting dynamic and structural properties of liquid LiPb mixtures via molecular dynamics simulations, represent a crucial step for multiscale modeling efforts in order to understand the suitability of this compound for future Nuclear Fusion technologies. At present a Li-Pb cross potential is not available in the literature. Here we present our first results on the validation of two semi-empirical potentials for Li and Pb in liquid phase. Our results represent the establishment of a solid base as a previous but crucial step to implement a LiPb cross potential. Structural and thermodynamical analyses confirm that the implemented potentials for Li and Pb are realistic to simulate both elements in the liquid phase

Results of a major ambulatory oral surgery program using general inhalational anesthesia on disabled patients

Objectives: To assess the demographic characteristics and comorbidities of the group to be studied, as well as various quality indicators of a Major Ambulatory Surgery (MAS) program. Quantification of the surgical-anesthetic incidents. Study design: We aimed to perform a retrospective and descriptive analysis of disabled patients who had received oral ambulatory surgery under general anesthesia. Data obtained from the clinical history and telephone interview included the demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, previous dental history, cause of the mental disability, degree of mental retardation, comorbidity measured according to the scale of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), anesthesia or preoperative surgical treatments, level of analgesia, length of stay, incidents in the Resuscitation Ward, the rate of substitution, suspensions, patients admitted, complications and the degree of patient satisfaction. Results: We included 112 oral surgery procedures performed on disabled patients who were treated under general inhalational anesthesia as part of MAS during the years 2006-2007. During this period, 577 restorations, 413 extractions, 179 sealants, 102 pulpectomies, 22 root canal treatments, 17 gingivectomies and 3 frenectomies were performed. A total of 75% (78 cases) of the patients had coexisting medical pathology. The average surgery time per patient was 72.69 ±29.78 minutes. The rate of replacement was 100%. The rate of suspension was 1.92%. The percentage of patients readmitted was 1.92%,due to significant bleeding in the mouth, which did not require treatment and the patients were discharged from hospital 24 hours after being admitted. The rate of patients who required re-hospitalization was 3.84%. Conclusions: The MAS performed in this group, despite being on patients with high comorbidity resulted in only a low number of medical incidents reporte

Liquid lead and Lithium. A Comprehensive molecular dynamics study

Pb17Li is today a reference breeder material in diverse fusion R&D programs worldwide. One of the main issues in these programs is the problem of liquid metals breeder blanket behavior. Structural material of the blanket should meet high requirements because of extreme operating conditions. Therefore the knowledge of eutectic properties like optimal composition, physical and thermodynamic behavior or diffusion coefficients of Tritium are extremely necessary for current designs. In particular, the knowledge of the function linking the tritium concentration dissolved in liquid materials with the tritium partial pressure at a liquid/gas interface in equilibrium, CT=f(PT), is of basic importance because it directly impacts all functional properties of a blanket determining: tritium inventory, tritium permeation rate and tritium extraction efficiency. Nowadays, understanding the structure and behavior of this compound is a real goal in fusion engineering and materials science. Simulations of liquids can provide much information to the community; not only supplementing experimental data, but providing new tests of theories and ideas, making specific predictions that require experimental tests, and ultimately helping to lead to the deeper understanding and better predictive behavior