A Medical Analysis for Colorectal Lymphomas using 3D MRI Images and Deep Residual Boltzmann CNN Mechanism

In this technological world the healthcare is very crucial and difficult to spend time for the wellbeing. The lifestyle disease can transform in to the life threating disease and lead to critical stages. Colorectal lymphomas are the 3rd most malignancy death in the entire world. The estimation of the volume of lymphomas is often used by Magnetic Resonance Imaging during medical diagnosis, particularly in advanced stages. The research study can be classified in multiple stages. In the initial stages, an automated method is used to calculated the volume of the colorectal lymphomas using 3D MRI images. The process begins with feature extraction using Iterative Multilinear Component Analysis and Multiscale Phase level set segmentation based on CNN model. Then, a logical frustum model is utilized for 3D simulation of colon lymphoma for rendering the medical data. The next stages is focused on tackling the matter of segmentation and classification of abnormality and normality of lymph nodes. A semi supervised fuzzy logic algorithm for clustering is used for segmentation, whereas bee herd optimization algorithm with scale down for employed to intensify corresponding classifier rate of detection. Finally, classification is performed using Deep residual Boltzmann CNN. Our proposed methodology gives a better results and diagnosis prediction for lymphomas for an accuracy 97.7%, sensitivity 95.7% and specify as 95.8% which is superior than the traditional approach

Antitumor and Immunopotentiating Activity of Polysaccharide PST001 Isolated from the Seed Kernel of Tamarindus indica: An InVivo Study inMice

Antitumor activity of polysaccharide PST001 isolated from the seed kernel of Tamarindus indica was evaluated using different cancer cell lines. Human cancer cell lines A549, KB, and MCF-7 and murine cancer cell lines DLA and EAC were treated with PST001 and cell growth inhibition was assessed by MTT assay. In vivo studies were carried out for toxicity, tumor reduction and immunomodulation. The respective IC50 of PST001 in A549, KB, and DLA was at 80.72, 190.99, and 91.14 μg/mL. Significant tumor reduction was obtained in both DLA and EAC tumors on treatment with PST001 which was more prominent when PST001 was administered with CTX/5-fluorouracil. Increase in total WBC, CD4+ T-cell population, and bonemarrow cellularity suggested strong immunomodulatory activity for this compound. No significant abnormality was observed in toxicity studies. Thus the results of the present study suggest that PST001 has immunomodulatory and tumor inhibitory activities and has the potential to be developed as an anticancer agent and immunomodulator either as a sole agent or as an adjuvant to other chemotherapeutic drugs

A historical cohort study

OK Funding Information: Catarina R. Palma dos Reis acknowledges support from a Clarendon Fund Scholarship. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology (NFOG).Introduction: The velocity of fetal deterioration in fetal growth restriction is extremely variable, which makes monitoring and counseling very challenging. The soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase to placental growth factor (sFlt1/PlGF) ratio provides a readout of the vasoactive environment that correlates with preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction and that could be useful to predict fetal deterioration. Previous studies showed a correlation between higher sFlt1/PlGF ratios and lower gestational ages at birth, although it is unclear whether this is due to the increased incidence of preeclampsia. Our goal was to evaluate whether the sFlt1/PlGF ratio predicts faster fetal deterioration in early fetal growth restriction. Material and methods: This was a historical cohort study in a tertiary maternity hospital. Data from singleton pregnancies with early fetal growth restriction (diagnosed before 32 gestational weeks) confirmed after birth monitored between January 2016 and December 2020 were retrieved from clinical files. Cases of chromosomal/fetal abnormalities, infection and medical terminations of pregnancy were excluded. The sFlt1/PlGF ratio was acquired at diagnosis of early fetal growth restriction in our unit. The correlation of log10 sFlt1/PlGF with latency to delivery/fetal demise was assessed with linear, logistic (positive sFlt1/PlGF if >85) and Cox regression excluding deliveries for maternal conditions and controlling for preeclampsia, gestational age at time of ratio test, maternal age and smoking during pregnancy. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis tested the performance of sFlt1/PlGF ratio in predicting delivery for fetal reasons in the following week. Results: 125 patients were included. Mean sFlt1/PlGF ratio was 91.2 (SD 148.7) and 28% of patients had a positive ratio. A higher log10 sFlt1/PlGF ratio predicted shorter latency for delivery/fetal demise in linear regression after controlling for confounders, β = −3.001, (−3.713 to −2.288). Logistic regression with ratio positivity confirmed these findings (latency for delivery 5.7 ± 3.32 weeks for ratios ≤85 vs 1.9 ± 1.52 weeks for ratios >85); β = −0.698 (−1.064 to −0.332). Adjusted Cox regression showed that a positive ratio confers a significantly positive hazard ratio (HR) for earlier delivery/fetal demise, HR 9.869 (5.061–19.243). ROC analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.847 (SE ± 0.06). Conclusions: sFlt1/PlGF ratio is correlated with faster fetal deterioration in early fetal growth restriction, independently of preeclampsia.publishersversionepub_ahead_of_prin

SU(N) Coherent States and Irreducible Schwinger Bosons

We exploit the SU(N) irreducible Schwinger boson to construct SU(N) coherent states. This construction of SU(N) coherent state is analogous to the construction of the simplest Heisenberg-Weyl coherent states. The coherent states belonging to irreducible representations of SU(N) are labeled by the eigenvalues of the $(N-1)$ SU(N) Casimir operators and are characterized by $(N-1)$ complex orthonormal vectors describing the SU(N) group manifold.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure

Mean Vector Analyses of the Voting Patterns of Ghanaians for Three Consecutive Periods: A Case Study of the Greater Accra Region

Abstract: The aim of this paper was to find out whether the outcome of future elections in the Greater Accra region could be predicted based on empirical data. The voting patterns of the presidential elections in Ghana deserve notice, not because of their political significance but because of the theoretical weight they carry. The shifts in electoral fortunes between the two main political parties in the country, especially in the greater Accra region provide a unique leverage for assessing theories of voting behavior. The paper uses statistical tools to examine the electoral performance of the four major political parties in Accra and the Hotelling's T 2 Statistic to test whether a prediction could be made to predict future outcomes of elections. Our results revealed that there was not enough statistical evidence to predict future outcomes of elections in the greater Accra district

The Role of Regulated mRNA Stability in Establishing Bicoid Morphogen Gradient in Drosophila Embryonic Development

The Bicoid morphogen is amongst the earliest triggers of differential spatial pattern of gene expression and subsequent cell fate determination in the embryonic development of Drosophila. This maternally deposited morphogen is thought to diffuse in the embryo, establishing a concentration gradient which is sensed by downstream genes. In most model based analyses of this process, the translation of the bicoid mRNA is thought to take place at a fixed rate from the anterior pole of the embryo and a supply of the resulting protein at a constant rate is assumed. Is this process of morphogen generation a passive one as assumed in the modelling literature so far, or would available data support an alternate hypothesis that the stability of the mRNA is regulated by active processes? We introduce a model in which the stability of the maternal mRNA is regulated by being held constant for a length of time, followed by rapid degradation. With this more realistic model of the source, we have analysed three computational models of spatial morphogen propagation along the anterior-posterior axis: (a) passive diffusion modelled as a deterministic differential equation, (b) diffusion enhanced by a cytoplasmic flow term; and (c) diffusion modelled by stochastic simulation of the corresponding chemical reactions. Parameter estimation on these models by matching to publicly available data on spatio-temporal Bicoid profiles suggests strong support for regulated stability over either a constant supply rate or one where the maternal mRNA is permitted to degrade in a passive manner

The ratio of soluble fms–like tyrosine kinase 1 to placental growth factor predicts time to delivery and mode of birth in patients with suspected preeclampsia- a secondary analysis of the INSPIRE trial

Background: The ratio of soluble fms–like tyrosine kinase 1 to placental growth factor (sFLT1/PLGF) is a useful biomarker for preeclampsia. Since it is a measure of placental dysfunction, it could also be a predictor of clinical deterioration and fetal tolerance to intrapartum stress. Objectives: We tested the hypothesis that sFLT1/PLGF ratio predicts time to delivery. Secondary objectives were to examine associations between the sFLT1/PLGF ratio and mode of birth, fetal distress, need for labor induction and birthweight z-score. Study design: Secondary analysis of the INSPIRE trial, a randomized interventional study on prediction of preeclampsia/eclampsia in which women with suspected preeclampsia were recruited and their blood sFLT1/PLGF ratio was assessed. We stratified participants into three groups according to the ratio result: category 1 (sFLT1/PLGF≤38); category 2 (sFLT1/PLGF>38 and <85); and category 3 (sFLT1/PLGF≥85). We modelled time from sFLT1/PLGF determination to delivery using Kaplan-Meier curves and compared the three ratio categories adjusting for gestational age at sFLT1/PLGF determination and trial arm with Cox Regression. The association between ratio category and mode of delivery, induction of labour and fetal distress was assessed using a multivariable logistic regression adjusting for gestational age at sampling and trial arm. The association between birthweight z-score and sFLT1/PLGF ratio was evaluated using multiple linear regression. Subgroup analysis was conducted in women with no preeclampsia and spontaneous onset of labor; women with preeclampsia; and participants in the non-reveal arm. Results: Higher ratio categories were associated with a shorter latency from sFLT1/PLGF determination to delivery (37 vs 13 vs 10 days for ratios categories 1-3 respectively), hazards ratio for category 3 ratio of 5.64 (95%CI 4.06-7.84, p<0.001). A sFLT/PlGF ratio≥85 had specificity of 92.7%(95%CI 89.0-95.1%) and sensitivity of 54.72% (95% CI, 41.3-69.5) for prediction of preeclampsia indicated delivery within 2 weeks. A ratio category 3 was also associated with decreased odds of spontaneous vaginal delivery (OR 0.47, 95%CI 0.25-0.89); an almost six fold increased risk of emergency cesarean section (OR 5.89, 95%CI 3.05-11.21); and a three-fold increased risk for intrapartum fetal distress requiring operative delivery or cesarean section (OR 3.04, 95%CI 1.53-6.05) when compared to patients with ratios≤38. Higher ratio categories were also associated with higher odds of induction of labor when compared to ratios category 1 (category 2, OR 2.20, 95%CI 1.02-4.76; category 3, OR 6.0, 95%CI 2.01-17.93); and lower median birthweight z-score. Within subgroups of women a)without preeclampsia and with spontaneous onset of labor and b)women with preeclampsia, the log ratio was significantly higher in patients requiring intervention for fetal distress or failure to progress compared to those who delivered vaginaly without intervention. In the subset of women with no preeclampsia and spontaneous onset of labour, those who required intervention for fetal distress or failure to progress had a significantly higher log ratio than those who delivered vaginaly without needing intervention. Conclusion: The sFLT1/PLGF ratio might be helpful in risk-stratification of patients who present with suspected preeclampsia regarding clinical deterioration, intrapartum fetal distress and mode of birth (including the need for intervention in labour)

Genetic Diversity of PCR-Positive, Culture-Negative and Culture-Positive Mycobacterium ulcerans Isolated from Buruli Ulcer Patients in Ghana.

Culture of Mycobacterium ulcerans from Buruli ulcer patients has very low sensitivity. Thus confirmation of M. ulcerans infection is primarily based on PCR directed against IS2404. In this study we compare the genotypes obtained by variable number of tandem repeat analysis of DNA from IS2404-PCR positive cultures with that obtained from IS2404 positive, culture-negative tissue. A significantly greater genetic heterogeneity was found among culture-negative samples compared with that found in cultured strains but a single genotype is over-represented in both sample sets. This study provides evidence that both the focal location of bacteria in a lesion as well as differences in the ability to culture a particular genotype may underlie the low sensitivity of culture. Though preliminary, data from this work also suggests that mycobacteria previously associated with fish disease (M. pseudoshottsii) may be pathogenic for humans