The Pending Determination of the Legality of Internet Gambling in the United States

Internet gambling has been targeted on many fronts in the United States, including Congress, the courts, the Bush Administration and credit card agencies. This iBrief details recent trends in the regulation of online gaming, and concludes that while absolute prohibitions may be ineffective, the combined resistance of these institutions will prevent the industry from expanding its customer base

Software Management Environment (SME) release 9.4 user reference material

This document contains user reference material for the Software Management Environment (SME) prototype, developed for the Systems Development Branch (Code 552) of the Flight Dynamics Division (FDD) of Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). The SME provides an integrated set of management tools that can be used by software development managers in their day-to-day management and planning activities. This document provides an overview of the SME, a description of all functions, and detailed instructions concerning the software's installation and use

A NEW GENUS OF DISTOMES (TREMATODA) WITH LYMPHATIC VESSELS

The trematodes described in this paper are but two of over 100 species collected from marine fishes in 1934, during the third G. Allan Hancock Expedition to the Galapagos Islands. The author\u27s presence on this expedition was sponsored in part by the Carnegie Institution of Washington. A brief preliminary report on the trematodes collected has been made (Manter, 1934) and a more complete report on the digenetic forms is in preparation. An early description of these two forms is felt justified in view of their significance in connection with the phylogeny of the Distomata. The author has already indicated (Manter, 1935) a relationship between certain allocreadiid-like distomes (Megasolena Linton and Hapladena Linton) and amphistomes. The new genus described below further substantiates such a view and indicates that the Anallocreadiinae in particular may be involved. A discussion of these relationships will follow a description of the new species

Alien Registration- Michaud, Annie (Fort Fairfield, Aroostook County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/36524/thumbnail.jp

A New Genus of Trematode (Digenea: Gorgoderidae) from the Ureter of Tuna Fish (\u3ci\u3eThunnus thynnus maccoyii\u3c/i\u3e) in Australia

A large, digenetic trematode is described from the ureter of the tuna Thunnus thynnus moccoyii from southern Australian waters. It represents a new genus and species, Cetiotrema crassum (subfamily Gorgoderinae) distinguished by the size and shape of the body, the caeca being distant from the sides of the body, the uterus being intercaecal, the vitellaria arising as three claviform lobes on each side and the seminal vesicle at least partly anterior to the genital pore. The genus is close to Phyllodistomum Braun; P. carangi Manter, 1947, is considered to belong to Cetiotrema; P. lancea Mamaev, 1968 is very similar to Cetiotrema crassum in some features but, largely on account of the form of the vitellaria, is retained in Phyllodistomum

An Additional Trematode from Tortugas, Florida, and a New Name for \u3ci\u3eOpisthoporus\u3c/i\u3e Manter, 1947, Preoccupied

Professor José M. Ruiz of Sao Paulo, Brazil, has kindly called my attention to the fact that the generic name Opisthoporus Manter, 1947 had been used several times previously, a condition which I had indeed checked but thoughtlessly forgot. For Opisthoporus Manter, 1947 (nec Opisthoporus Benson, 1851; Opisthoporus Minot, 1877; Opisthoporus Fukui, 1929), the name Postporus is proposed. The two species become Postporus epinepheli (Manter, 1947) and Postporus mycteropercae (Manter, 1947). The combination Pleurogonus candidulus (Linton, 1910) (misspelled candibulus in my paper) had been made in 1946 by Ruiz (1946: 295) where, however, it was first printed candulus. Its correct name is, therefore, Pleurogonius candidulus (Linton, 1910) Ruiz, 1946. The author\u27s report on trematodes of marine fishes of Tortugas, Florida (Manter, 1947) refers (p. 258) to a few species not described because they were represented by single specimens deemed inadequate for satisfactory identification. One of these has since been studied in the light of Dollfus\u27 (1946) description of some interesting trematodes from Kyphosus sectatrix from Dakar, Africa. It is a spiny distome from a related host (Kyphosus incisor) and is closely related to Cadentella cadenati (Dollfus, 1946) Nagaty, 1948. As Nagaty (1948) has noted, Enenterum pseudaureum Dollfus, 1946 from Kyphosus sectatrix at Dakar, Africa is a synonym of Enenterum pimelepteri Nagaty, 1942 from Pimelopterus tahmel in the Red Sea. The host genus Pimelepterus Lacapede, 1802 is listed as a synonym of Kyphosus by Jordan, Evermann and Clark (1930). Nagaty\u27s spelling pimelopteri seems to be from Pimelopterus of Schinz, 1822 apparently a misspelling of Pimelepterus. SUMMARY 1. The generic name Postporus is offered for Opisthoporus Manter, 1947, preoccupied. 2. Cadenatella americana, from Kyphosus incisor, is described as a new species. 3. A list of the helminth parasites of Kyphosus is given with notes on their geographical distribution

The Digenetic Trematodes of Marine Fishes of Tortugas, Florida

189 species of digenetic trematodes are reported from teleost fishes of the region of Tortugas, Florida. Among these are recognized: 44 new species, 9 new genera, 44 new combinations, 14 new synonyms, and 51 new host records. Several genera and species are considered synonyms of those previously named. Of 237 species (approximately 2,039 specimens) of teleost fishes examined, 182 species or 76.8% were parasitized by adult, digenetic trematodes. Most of the host species harbored from one to three species of trematodes; 79 (or 43.4% of the 182) had a single species of trematode. Two fishes, however, were each susceptible to ten species of trematodes; and one to eleven. Of the 189 species of trematodes, 105 or 55.5% were collected from one kind of host; 43 (22.7%) from two hosts; 14 (7.4%) from three hosts; and only 12 from more than three hosts (up to 21 hosts in one case). 138 species, or 73%, were limited to a single host genus. This marked tendency toward host specificity seems to be shown to an even greater degree by trematodes of Japanese waters but to a less degree by trematodes of the region of the British Isles. Present records indicate that a larger percentage of the Tortugas species of trematodes occur in the American Pacific than occur along the New land Coast. Of the 189 species, 24 are now known from the Pacific, 15 Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Excluding the deep-water species, the difference is even greater

Some Digenetic Trematodes from Deep-Water Fish of Tortugas, Florida

Introduction (first two paragraphs) The parasitic fauna of ocean depths is practically unknown. Although an extensive fish population occurs at all depths, very little study has yet been made on the helminths of these fish. During the summers of 1930, 1931, and 1932 excellent opportunity was offered for the collection of parasites from fish trawled from depths varying from 40 to 582 fathoms at Tortugas, Florida. A considerable number of systematic hauls by the staff and crew of the Tortugas Biological Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution of Washington yielded an abundance and considerable variety of fish, some of rare forms, many of which were examined for parasites. Most of these hauls were made about 20 miles south of Loggerhead Key. Fish taken from these depths were commonly parasitized by helminths and especially by trematodes. Preliminary notes already published (Manter, 1930, 1931b, 1932) indicate the richness of this new field. In spite of some circumstances making collection more difficult, it was found that the trematode fauna of the deep-water fish is practically as abundant and as varied as is the rich trematode fauna of the reef fish. Also includes Hosts, showing general prevalence of trematodes, Descriptions of trematodes collected including those from orders Gasterostomata and Prosostomata, Bathymetric distribution of deep water trematodes, List of hosts with trematode parasites of each, Discussion, Summary, Bibliography, and Plates. Summary 1. A description is given of 49 species of trematodes collected from approximately 90 species of fish from depths of 40 to 582 fathoms. 721 individual fish were examined. 2. Approximately 80 percent of the host species were infected with trematodes, a percentage comparable with the degree of infection found in fish of shallow water. About 30 percent of the individuals examined were infected with trematodes. There was no indication that trematodes became more scarce as depth increased. 3. One new subfamily (of the family Helerophyidae), 11 new genera, and 33 new species are described. 4. Families are represented by the following number of species: Hemiuridae, 15; Allocreadiidae, 13; Fellodistomidae, 11; Bucephalidae, 4; Acanthocolpidae, 2; Zoogonidae, 1; Azygiidae, 1; Heterophyidae, 1; unclassified, 1. 5. These trematodes are markedly distinct from nearby, shallow water, only 2 species collected from below 100 fathoms occurring also in shallow-water hosts. These 2 species are Distomum fenestratum and Sterrhurus floridensis. At about 50 fathoms, Deretrema fusillus, Myzoxenus vitellosus, and Helicometrina nimia, also found in shallow water fish, occurred. 6. Seven species of trematodes known from fish hosts of northern waters were found in deep-water hosts at Tortugas. The deep-water trematode fauna, therefore, is more similar to that of distant, cooler water than it is to the trematode fauna of warm, surface waters of Tortugas. Also, more species of northern trematodes are to be found in deep water than in shallow water at Tortugas. 7. The depths from which collections were made arc indicated in chart form to demonstrate the definite bathymetric distribution of some species of trematodes. This study emphasizes the fact that a gradient of changing environment (such as depth) is reflected not only in the free-living population of a region but also in their parasites

Binder 154, Opecoelidae Plagioporinae A-L [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks]

Binder 154, Opecoelidae Plagioporinae A-L [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks]. Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Created between 1960 and 1990