Measuring practice leadership in supported accommodation services for people with intellectual disability: Comparing staff-rated and observational measures

Background Studies incorporating staff-rated or observational measures of practice leadership have shown that where practice leadership is stronger, active support is better implemented. The study aim was to compare measures of practice leadership used in previous research to determine the extent of their correspondence. Method A subset of data from a longitudinal study regarding 29 front-line managers working across 36 supported accommodation services in Australia was used. An observed measure of practice leadership, based on an interview and observation of a front-line manager, was compared with ratings of practice leadership completed by staff. The quality of active support was rated after a 2-hour structured observation. Results Correlations between staff-rated and observed measures were non-significant. Only the observed measure was correlated with the quality of active support. Conclusions This study provides evidence to support using an observational measure of practice leadership rather than reliance on staff ratings

Non-volatile voltage control of in-plane and out-of-plane magnetization in polycrystalline Ni films on ferroelectric PMN-PT (001)pcsubstrates

We identify room-temperature converse magnetoelectric effects (CMEs) that are non-volatile by using a single-crystal substrate of PMN-PT (001)pc (pc denotes pseudocubic) to impart voltage-driven strain to a polycrystalline film of Ni. An appropriate magnetic-field history enhances the magnetoelectric coefficient to a near-record peak of ∼10-6 s m-1 and permits electrically driven magnetization reversal of substantial net magnetization. In zero magnetic field, electrically driven ferroelectric domain switching produces large changes of in-plane magnetization that are non-volatile. Microscopically, these changes are accompanied by the creation and destruction of magnetic stripe domains, implying the electrical control of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Moreover, the stripe direction can be rotated by a magnetic field or an electric field, the latter yielding the first example of electrically driven rotatable magnetic anisotropy. The observed CMEs are associated with repeatable ferroelectric domain switching that yields a memory effect. This memory effect is well known for PMN-PT (110)pc but not PMN-PT (001)pc. Given that close control of the applied field is not required as for PMN-PT (110)pc, this memory effect could lead the way to magnetoelectric memories based on PMN-PT (001)pc membranes that switch at low voltage

Uranium(III) coordination chemistry and oxidation in a flexible small-cavity macrocycle

U(III) complexes of the conformationally flexible, small-cavity macrocycle trans-calix[2]benzene[2]pyrrolide (L)2–, [U(L)X] (X = O-2,6-tBu2C6H3, N(SiMe3)2), have been synthesized from [U(L)BH4] and structurally characterized. These complexes show binding of the U(III) center in the bis(arene) pocket of the macrocycle, which flexes to accommodate the increase in the steric bulk of X, resulting in long U–X bonds to the ancillary ligands. Oxidation to the cationic U(IV) complex [U(L)X][B(C6F5)4] (X = BH4) results in ligand rearrangement to bind the smaller, harder cation in the bis(pyrrolide) pocket, in a conformation that has not been previously observed for (L)2–, with X located between the two ligand arene rings

Quantum-enhanced protocols with mixed states using cold atoms in dipole traps

We discuss the use of cold atoms in dipole traps to demonstrate experimentally a particular class of protocols for computation and metrology based on mixed states. Modelling of the system shows that, for a specific class of problems (tracing, phase estimation), a quantum advantage can be achieved over classical algorithms for very realistic conditions and strong decoherence. We discuss the results of the models and the experimental implementation

A cold-atoms based processor for deterministic quantum computation with one qubit in intractably large Hilbert spaces

We propose the use of Rydberg interactions and ensembles of cold atoms in mixed state for the implementation of a protocol for deterministic quantum computation with one quantum bit that can be readily operated in high dimensional Hilbert spaces. We propose an experimental test for the scalability of the protocol and to study the physics of discord. Furthermore, we explore the possibility of extending to non-trivial unitaries, such as those associated to many-body physics. Finally develop a scheme to add control to cold atom unitaries in order to facilitate their implementation in our proposal

Spin-splitting in p-type Ge devices

Compressively strained Ge quantum well devices have a spin-splitting in applied magnetic field that is entirely consistent with a Zeeman effect in the heavy hole valence band. The spin orientation is determined by the biaxial strain in the quantum well with the relaxed SiGe buffer layers and is quantized in the growth direction perpendicular to the conducting channel. The measured spin-splitting in the resistivity ρxx agrees with the predictions of the Zeeman Hamiltonian where the Shubnikov-deHaas effect exhibits a loss of even filling factor minima in the resistivity ρxx with hole depletion from a gate field, increasing disorder or increasing temperature. There is no measurable Rashba spin-orbit coupling irrespective of the structural inversion asymmetry of the confining potential in low p-doped or undoped Ge quantum wells from a density of 6 × 1010 cm−2 in depletion mode to 1.7 × 1011 cm−2 in enhancement

Shear-strain-mediated magnetoelectric effects revealed by imaging.

Large changes in the magnetization of ferromagnetic films can be electrically driven by non-180° ferroelectric domain switching in underlying substrates, but the shear components of the strains that mediate these magnetoelectric effects have not been considered so far. Here we reveal the presence of these shear strains in a polycrystalline film of Ni on a 0.68Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.32PbTiO3 substrate in the pseudo-cubic (011)pc orientation. Although vibrating sample magnetometry records giant magnetoelectric effects that are consistent with the hitherto expected 90° rotations of a global magnetic easy axis, high-resolution vector maps of magnetization (constructed from photoemission electron microscopy data, with contrast from X-ray magnetic circular dichroism) reveal that the local magnetization typically rotates through smaller angles of 62-84°. This shortfall with respect to 90° is a consequence of the shear strain associated with ferroelectric domain switching. The non-orthogonality represents both a challenge and an opportunity for the development and miniaturization of magnetoelectric devices.Isaac Newton Trust, the Royal Society, University of Wisconsin Madison, Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recercaa - Generalitat de Cataluny

Phylogeny and historical biogeography of the southern African lacewing genus Afroptera (Neuroptera: Nemopteridae: Nemopterinae)

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT : All molecular sequence data is available on GenBank. All molecular sequence data is available on GenBank. Datasets, R scripts and trees are available on Dryad (https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.tmpg4f56k).SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL : APPENDIX S1. Morphological characters list and their corresponding states used in this study. FIGURE S1. Fifty percent majority rule consensus tree resulting from Bayesian analysis of the combined (COI, CAD, 16S, 28S and 18S) with PP, MP and MLB given, respectively. Dashes (-) on nodes indicate weak/no support. Letters below branches indicate the clade's name. FIGURE S2. The single most parsimonious tree of the combined morphological/molecular concatenated dataset with bootstrap support values on each branch. Dashes (-) on branches indicate weak/no support. TABLE S1. Species included in this study, with collection locality and GenBank accession numbers. TABLE S2. Primers used for PCR amplification. TABLE S3. Estimated model parameters for COI, 16S, 28S 18S and CAD for Afroptera using JMODELTEST.The lacewing genus Afroptera Abdalla & Mansell (Neuroptera: Nemopteridae: Nemopterinae) is endemic to southern Africa, predominantly found in the Fynbos and Succulent Karoo biomes. The taxonomy of the genus has been recently resolved. However, the monophyly and evolutionary history of the genus has never been addressed. This study employs an integrative phylogenetic approach, by incorporating three ribosomal genes (16S, 28S and 18S) and two protein-coding genes (cytochrome oxidase subunit I and carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase-aspartate transcarbamoylase-dihydroorotase), and morphological data to examine the monophyly and historical biogeography of Afroptera. We use Bayesian, parsimony and maximum likelihood phylogenetic methods to assess the monophyly and relatedness of Afroptera within the Nemopterinae. We also use ancestral range reconstruction and diversification analysis to infer the historical biogeography of the genus. Our analyses reveal the genus as a monophyletic lineage. The genus Afroptera originated during the Pliocene (5.24–3.13 Mya) in a desert environment, experiencing rapid speciation during the Pleistocene, primarily within the Fynbos and Succulent biomes; and secondarily dispersed into the Nama Karoo and Savannah (Kalahari) biomes. The current distribution patterns of Afroptera species likely stem from intensified aridification in the southwest during the Plio-Pleistocene, consistent with the dry-adapted nature of Afroptera's ancestors. Therefore, our findings suggest a climatically driven diversification model for the genus Afroptera.National Research Foundation (NRF), South Africa.http://wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/syenhj2024Zoology and EntomologySDG-15:Life on lan

Layer resolved magnetic domain imaging of epitaxial heterostructures in large applied magnetic fields

We use X-ray Excited Luminescence Microscopy to investigate the elemental and layer resolved magnetic reversal in an interlayer exchange coupled (IEC) epitaxial Fe/Cr wedge/Co heterostructure. The transition from strongly coupled parallel Co-Fe reversal for Cr thickness tCr < 0.34 nm to weakly coupled layer independent reversal for tCr > 1.5 nm is punctuated at 0.34 < tCr < 1.5 nm by a combination of IEC guided domain wall motion and stationary zig zag domain walls. Domain walls nucleated at switching field minima are guided by IEC spatial gradients and collapse at switching field maxima.RM acknowledges funding from the European Community under the Seventh Framework Program Contract No. 247368: 3SPIN. DL acknowledges funding from the EPSRC. The work performed at the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.This is the accepted manuscript. The final version is available at http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/apl/106/7/10.1063/1.4913359