Correlation and Regression Relationships between Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Bread Winter Wheat

The aim of the study was to estimate the correlation and regression relationships between main quality characteristics in winter bread wheat genotypes and to determine criteria for selection that could be used to identify desirable genotypes with high grain quality. The following quality characters of grain were measured: thousand grain weight (TWG, g), test weight (TW, kg/hl), vitreousness (V, %), crude protein content in grain (CP, %), wet gluten content (WG, %), dry gluten content (DG, %), sedimentation value (SV, cm3 ), bread making strength index (BSI), gluten weakness (GW, mm) and fermentation value (FV, min). The study revealed positive significant correlation of WG, BSI and DG with CP. WG correlated significantly and positively with BSI, SV and DG. The relationships of FV with SV and DG were also positive. SV correlated positively and significantly with DG. DG and BSC exhibited the highest positive direct effect on CP. DG showed the highest positive direct effect on WG. CP and GW exhibited the highest positive and negative direct effects on the BSI. V and DG had the high positive direct effect on SV. CP and V had the highest positive direct effects on DG. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that, DG and BSI were the most potent predictor variables for CP. DG was the most potent predictor variables for WG, while 72.9% of the total variation in the SV was explained by V and FV. The results of this study will be of benefit for the bread wheat breeding programs

Correlation and Regression Relationships between Main Grain Quality Characteristics in Bread Winter Wheat

The aim of the study was to estimate the correlation and regression relationships between main quality characteristics in winter bread wheat genotypes and to determine criteria for selection that could be used to identify desirable genotypes with high grain quality. The following quality characters of grain were measured: thousand grain weight (TWG, g), test weight (TW, kg/hl), vitreousness (V, %), crude protein content in grain (CP, %), wet gluten content (WG, %), dry gluten content (DG, %), sedimentation value (SV, cm3 ), bread making strength index (BSI), gluten weakness (GW, mm) and fermentation value (FV, min). The study revealed positive significant correlation of WG, BSI and DG with CP. WG correlated significantly and positively with BSI, SV and DG. The relationships of FV with SV and DG were also positive. SV correlated positively and significantly with DG. DG and BSC exhibited the highest positive direct effect on CP. DG showed the highest positive direct effect on WG. CP and GW exhibited the highest positive and negative direct effects on the BSI. V and DG had the high positive direct effect on SV. CP and V had the highest positive direct effects on DG. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that, DG and BSI were the most potent predictor variables for CP. DG was the most potent predictor variables for WG, while 72.9% of the total variation in the SV was explained by V and FV. The results of this study will be of benefit for the bread wheat breeding programs

Educación ambiental y conservación del medio ambiente en padres de familia de una institución educativa inicial de Planchón, Tambopata, 2022

La investigación realizada tuvo como objetivo general determinar la relación entre la educación ambiental y la conservación del medio ambiente en padres de familia de una institución educativa inicial de Planchón, Tambopata, 2022. Dicha investigación fue de tipo básica, elaborada bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, con diseño no experimental, de nivel correlacional y modelo método del hipotético deductivo. La técnica que se empleo fue la encuesta y el instrumento para la recolección de datos fue el cuestionario. En el estudio se analizó los resultados de la aplicación de instrumentos válidos y confiables a una muestra de 75 padres de familia de una institución educativa inicial de Planchón, Tambopata. Los resultados mostraron un índice de correlación de Rho Spearman de 0.732 al evaluar la correlación entre las variables educación ambiental y la conservación del medio ambiente. Así mismo se obtuvo un p-valor menor a 0.05, lo que permitió rechazar la hipótesis nula y aceptar la hipótesis alterna, lo que permitió concluir que existía relación directa entre las variables analizadas: educación ambiental y la conservación del medio ambiente

Clinical Application Of Endoanal And Endorectal Ultrasound For Benign And Malignant Conditions Of The Anus, Perianal Space, And Rectum

INTRODUCTION: Benign and malignant conditions of the anus, perianal space, and rectum encompass various disorders: perianal abscesses and fistulas, anal fissures, hemorrhoids, incontinence, defecation disorder, rectovaginal and rectovesical fistulas, rectal prolapse, neoplasms of the anal canal and rectum. Very often patients have more than one condition. The high prevalence of benign anal disorders makes them socially significant. In the last two decades, a lot of new diagnostic methods were introduced. This has improved the understanding of the pathogenesis of these conditions. Endoanal and endorectal endoscopic ultrasound has become an important part of the evaluation of anal and rectal disease. This method is widely preferred because of its low price, accessibility, lack of complications, and good tolerance to the examination without sedation.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients have undergone endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) examination, from April 2023 to June 2023. All ERUS examinations were performed using 3D 20R3 and 3D X14L4 endorectal transducers connected to BK 3000 Ultrasound System (BK Medical Aps, Denmark).RESULTS: The mean age was 48.4. Eighteen patients were male (60%). The main clinical indication was an evaluation of perianal abscesses and fistulas or neoplasms. Nine of the examinations, or 30%, were performed for anal and rectal tumors. Perianal abscesses were identified in 7 cases (23%); 5 patients had anal fissures; 4 had perianal fistulas (13%); 1 had a rectovaginal fistula. The rest of the patients had hemorrhoidal disease.CONCLUSION: Endorectal and endoanal ultrasound is a sensitive and reliable method for the assessment of the anatomical structures and diagnosis of benign and malignant diseases of the anus, perianal space, and rectum

Risk Factors for the Development of LARS in Anterior Rectal Resection for Rectal Carcinoma and the Quality of Life of Patients with Developed LARS

INTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic surgery has been established as a treatment method for patients with colorectal carcinoma. Thanks to the minimally invasive approach, patients with rectal carcinoma receive all the advantages of laparoscopic surgery without violating oncological principles.Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is a symptom complex seen in patients operated on for rectal carcinoma. It includes the following symptoms: fecal incontinence, increased frequency of bowel movements or urgency of defecation, tenesmus. These symptoms can have a significant negative impact on the patient’s quality of life.AIM: The purpose of this study is to determine the risk factors for the development of LARS and the degree of manifestation of this syndrome in different groups of patients.MATERIALS AND METHODS: As inclusion criteria in the present study, we defined patients with histologically verified adenocarcinoma of the rectum. A retrospective analysis was made of 44 patients for the period of 2019–2023 operated on in the Prof. Alexander Stanishev Clinic of Surgery. In all patients, individual characteristics were considered: gender, age, accompanying diseases, performed non-adjuvant treatment, distant carcinoma from LAR, stage of the disease, and type of anastomosis performed. Exclusion criteria of the study were: unresectable carcinoma, patients operated conventionally, laparoscopy with conversion to laparotomy, amputation a.m. Miles.RESULTS: From the conducted research regarding risk factors, the following were related: gender (women have a higher risk of developing major LARS); age (between 50–69 years with a higher risk of developing LARS); the distance of the carcinoma from the LAR (at 0–6 cm from the LAR—a higher risk for the development of major LARS); radiotherapy (higher risk of developing major LARS); concomitant diseases (in all patients with diabetes—manifestation of major LARS); the advanced stage of the disease (at T3 >= according to TNM—the risk of developing LARS is higher).CONCLUSION: According to our study, risk factors for the development of LARS are: female gender, low location of the rectal carcinoma, conducted radiotherapy, diabetes mellitus, and advanced stage of the disease

Surgical Methods for Minimizing the Incidence of Paracolostomy Hernias

INTRODUCTION: Regardless of the advances in surgical techniques, parastomal hernia continues to be a frequent and serious complication after colostomy construction. The outcomes after surgical treatment are often not satisfactory, and the recurrence rate is high.AIM: The study aims to present modern surgical methods for the prevention of paracolostomy hernias.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 77 patients with formed colostomies in the Clinic of Surgery of Alexandrovska University Hospital during the period from 2017 to 2022, analyzed with a follow-up period of at least six months. Group A includes 35 patients whose stoma was constructed by the extraperitoneal route. Group B consists of 42 patients with the traditional transperitoneal technique. In addition, 2 patients in whom synthetic mesh was used to treat and prevent paracolostomy hernia are reported.RESULTS: In group A only one patient was diagnosed with parastomal hernia, while in group B there were 9. The difference between the two groups was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). In the cases where a prophylactic synthetic mesh was utilized, no complications we observed.CONCLUSION: Improving surgical techniques for preventing paracolostomy hernias is crucial, as they represent an inevitable complication, in most cases, after colostomy formation. The results of the conducted study as well as the available literature data highlight the benefits of methods such as the extraperitoneal route for stoma construction and the prophylactic use of synthetic meshes

Advantages and Limiting Factors in Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery

INTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic surgery has become the gold standard for surgical treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. In terms of results, it is comparable and has established itself as a reliable alternative to conventional surgery, both in benign and malignant diseases. The minimally invasive approach enjoys all the short-term advantages, such as less postoperative pain, better cardiopulmonary function, faster recovery of the gastrointestinal passage, faster mobilization and recovery, shorter intensive care, and hospital stay. Long-term oncological outcomes still remain debatable.AIM: Our study aims to demonstrate the advantages of the laparoscopic approach and highlight some of its limiting factors in terms of operative time and postoperative stay in the conditions of the Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (CAIL).MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 42 patients with histologically proven colorectal cancer (CRC) and resection with primary anastomosis were retrospectively included. We divided the patients into two groups according to the surgical technique: Group A: 21 patients operated by laparoscopic surgery (LS), and Group B: 21 patients operated by conventional open surgery (OS). Some of the basic characteristics: sex, age, body mass index (BMI), preoperative staging, mean operative time, postoperative period in CAIL, and analgesia, were examined.RESULTS: The mean operative time (MOT) in the LS group was 201 min and 189 min in the OS group. With respect to the gender factor, the MOT in LS was 211 min in men and 185 min in women, while in OS, there was no difference in MOT in relation to the gender factor. The mean operative time in patients compared to BMI was examined. In patients with normal weight, it was 160 min in LS and 351 min in OS, 220 min and 164 min in overweight patients, and 218 min and 197 min in obese patients, respectively. In the OS group, all patients had a stay in CAIL of more than 72 hours, while in LS only 57% of patients stayed for 72 hours. Regarding intraoperative and postoperative analgesia, natural opioid analgesics, including morphine, were administered to 10% of the LS group and 100% of the OS patients. Semi-synthetic opioid analgesics were administered in 60% of LS patients and 100% of OS patients.CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic colorectal surgery does not show an advantage in terms of mean operative time, but patients have a shorter stay in the CAIL setting, less postoperative pain, and enjoy all the advantages of a minimally invasive approach with equivalent oncological outcome