Comparative study of anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptides, and rheumatoid factor predictability in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by synovial joint inflammation, which often leads to progressive joint destruction and disability. Several other auto-antibodies specific to RA have been found .Among them, antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides (CCP) are useful for diagnosing RA. Antibodies to mutated citrullinated vimentin (MCV) were described recently in RA. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic values of ACCP compared to anti-MCV and Rheumatoid Factor in rheumatoid arthritis patients.Methods: This study included 92 patients with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 35 matching healthy controls. Blood samples were obtained from patients and controls for Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), C Reactive Protein (CRP), Rheumatoid factor (RF). Anti-CCP2 and anti-MCV were determined using ELISA technique.Results: RA group was significantly higher than control group as regard ESR, CRP, RF, Anti-CCP, and Anti- MCV.Conclusion: It was concluded, compared to ACCP, anti-MCV has approximately the same accuracy for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis but higher than Rheumatoid Factor.Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective study, as per guidelines for authors.

An Analysis of Marketing Mix: 7Ps or More

The main purpose of this study is to analysis the present marketing mix applies to marketing. This analysis provides an idea to marketer, and can be used as a tool to assist marketing strategies. This is a descriptive and survey research. According to research aim, seven hypotheses are provided and tested by one sample t-test. As a result, hypotheses on price, location, promotion, product, operation management and physical assets which show lower than average status of these elements were confirmed. The only hypothesis that was rejected was the hypothesis related to the personnel element. This shows the proper condition of this element of marketing mix. The marketing mix is the combination of marketing activities that an organization engages in so as to best meet the needs of its targeted market. Traditionally the marketing mix consisted of just 4 Ps.

A Case Report on Mutrakricchra with Special Reference to the Chronic Cystitis with Bladder Atony

In Ayurvedic texts, various Mutra-rogas and their management has been described. Mainly eight types of Mutrakricchra has been elaborated. Krichchhrata (difficulty in voiding / pain full voiding), is the main feature but sometimes some feature of obstructions (mutravibhandhata) is also present. In Mutraghat, obstruction is a major feature. According to Acharya Sushrut, Mutrakricchra is a tridoshaj vyadhi, physiological action of urination and defecation is predominantly under the control of Apan vayu, seat of which is Pakwashaya and if this vayu gets vitiated, it causes various genitourinary and anorectal diseases (S. Ni. 1/19), (C. SU. 20/15, C. Si. 1/32-34, A. H. Su. 1/25).On the basis of symptomatology, Cystitis can be assumed as one of the Mutraroga. Chronic cystitis may result in bladder atony in which there is a declination in the normal bladder tone, may causes increase frequency of micturition, incomplete bladder evacuation, abnormal sensation of micturition etc

Fetal transverse cerebellar diameter measurement in intrauterine growth restriction: a more accurate parameter for gestational age assessment at term

Background: Assessment of fetal gestational age (GA) is an essential part of obstetric USG. Accurate knowledge of fetal GA is important to facilitate the best possible prenatal care and successful pregnancy outcome.  For the estimation of GA the commonly used parameters in third trimester are:- BPD, HC, AC and FL. As all these parameters are affected by fetal growth disorders and fetal position. TCD can be used as another parameter for the estimation of GA in growth restricted fetuses.Methods: This study was conducted at Mahila Chikitsalaya Sanganeri Gate; SMS Medical College Jaipur from July 2005 to September 2006. A total of 80 pregnant women in third trimester with singleton pregnancy including 40 pregnant women with known cases of IUGR and 40 AGA fetuses were studied for TCD measure.Results: Correlation coefficient between TCD and gestational age was highly significant and no significant difference was found in TCD of AGA and IUGR fetuses.Conclusions: TCD measurement can be used as more reliable parameter for accurate estimation of gestational age in IUGR fetuses in third trimester

Development and Validation of UPLC-MS/MS Method for Rapid Simultaneous Determination of Levothyroxine and Liothyronine in Human Serum

A simple ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and fully validated to simultaneously determine levothyroxine (LT4) and liothyronine (LT3) in human serum. Sample preparation was done through protein precipitation with acetonitrile. HyPURITY C18 column was selected to achieve rapid separation for LT4 and LT3 within 4 min. Electrospray ionization (ESI) under multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used to monitor the ion transitions for LT4 (m/z 777.54→731.52), LT3 (m/z 651.64→ 605.65) and internal standard LT4-D3 (m/z 780.53 →734.19), operating in the positive ion mode. The method was proved to be accurate (82.35% to 113.56%) and precise (0.73% to 8.28%) over concentration range of 50.37 ng/ml – 300.13 ng/ml for LT4 and 0.5 ng/ml – 50.37 ng/ml for LT3. The validated method could be applied for pharmacokinetic study or bioequivalence testing of combination products of LT4 and LT3. Keywords: Levothyroxine; Liothyronine; Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatographic; Mass Spectrometry; Human Seru

Study the Frequency of Colorectal Carcinoma in Anorectal OPD of Department of Shalya Tantra S. S. Hospital, BHU : An Overview

Colorectal cancer starts in the colon or the rectum. These cancers can also be named colon cancer or rectal cancer, depending on the site of its origin. Colon cancer and rectal cancer are often grouped together because they have many common features. Most common malignancy in the gastrointestinal tract is the colorectal cancer. Usually in early stage colorectal cancer is asymptomatic. Clinical symptoms are limited and develop slowly over time. There are, however, a few symptoms or signs that most frequently lead to diagnostic evaluation. These symptoms include lower gastrointestinal bleeding or occult bleeding with resultant microcytic / iron deficiency anemia, changes in bowel habits and abdominal pain, painful defecation, stool mix with blood and mucous, increase frequency of defecation, morning spurious diarrhea, mass present at anal verge, anal canal or rectum which may or may not bleed on touch. Sometimes most of patients having Complains of bleeding per rectum, painful defecation, something coming out during defecation are treated as simple anorectal diseases without digital rectal examination by general practitioner and surgeon inspite being the cases of Colorectal Carcinoma. Colorectal cancer may also progress and present as large bowel obstruction or even as perforation, either at the site of the tumors or proximally. Up to 20 – 25% of colon cancer cases present as emergencies; in contrast to this only a small number of rectal cancer cases present as emergencies