Analisa Fitokimia Dan Kandungan Bahan Aktif Dari Lima Aksesi Tanaman Handeuleum (Graptophyllum Pictum (L.) Griff)

Handeuleum ( Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff) constituting acknowledged dill useful to cure some types disease as pile. This plant have color pattern performance leaf which variably. This research is done at Observational Hall examination laboratory Dill and Achromatic, Bogor in july until September 2008. To the effect research is get phytochemical content picture and active component of 5 accession handeleum's plants. Phytochemical is obstetric analysis (alkaloid, saponin, tanin, glikocide, flavonoid, fenolik, triterpenoid, steroid) done at Observational Hall Examination Laboratory Dill and Achromatic (Balitro) Bogor, meanwhile GC MS'S analysis is done at Laboratory Dopes Jakarta. Of compound analysis result phytochemical is gotten that 5 accession handeuleum contain alkaloid's compounds, saponin, tanin, glikosida with notation 4 + or herculean. Accession with patterns green leaf turn white at green erect periphery and brown have phytochemical content same, while accession with colour patterns green leaf turn white to be intermediated have flavonoid's content is contemned 2 +. Of GCMS'S analysis result apparently exhaustive accession handeleum contains kindred active component with vitamin e,Neophytadiene, tocopherol's gamma, Ergost - 5 en 3 ol (3. beta.) and stigmast - 5 en 3 ol

Pengaruh Kehalusan Bahan Dan Lama Ekstraksi Terhadap Mutu Ekstrak Tempuyung (Sonchus Arvensis L.)

Utilization of medicinal plants both for health and treatment increased at this time. Number of Traditional Medicine Industry (IOT), Small Industries Traditional Medicine (IKOT) and Industrial Appliances (PIRT) is increasing. Thus the demand for raw materials is increasing, one of which is tempuyung. Good quality raw material in the form of crude drugs and extracts need to be considered as related to the efficacy and quality of products for further processing. The study aims to determine the effect size and the old material extraction to the yield and quality of the extract. Activity consists of two sub-activities (1). How to drying (a) the sun covered with black cloth, (b) the sun combination of tools, and (c) drier. Sub-activities (2) extraction technique which consists of two factors: the fineness of materials (20,40 and 60 mesh) and the second factor is the length of the extraction (2, 4, and 6 hours). The study design using factorial completely randomized design with three replications. Parameter observations consisted of yield bulbs, phytochemical screening, quality characteristics, extract yield, and quality extracts. The results showed levels of water extract Sonchus arvensis L. greater than the levels of alcohol cider. Quality simplicia Sonchus arvensis L. dried using a dryer is not different from the quality of the dried under the sun. Fineness of materials and time of extraction affects the yield of the extract Sonchus arvensis

Analisa Fitokimia dan Kandungan Bahan Aktif dari Lima Aksesi Tanaman Handeuleum (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff)

Handeuleum ( Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff) constituting acknowledged dill useful to cure some types disease as pile. This plant have color pattern performance leaf which variably. This research is done at Observational Hall examination laboratory Dill and Achromatic, Bogor in july until September 2008. To the effect research is get phytochemical content picture and active component of 5 accession handeleum's plants. Phytochemical is obstetric analysis (alkaloid, saponin, tanin, glikocide, flavonoid, fenolik, triterpenoid, steroid) done at Observational Hall Examination Laboratory Dill and Achromatic (Balitro) Bogor, meanwhile GC MS'S analysis is done at Laboratory Dopes Jakarta. Of compound analysis result phytochemical is gotten that 5 accession handeuleum contain alkaloid's compounds, saponin, tanin, glikosida with notation 4 + or herculean. Accession with patterns green leaf turn white at green erect periphery and brown have phytochemical content same, while accession with colour patterns green leaf turn white to be intermediated have flavonoid's content is contemned 2 +. Of GCMS'S analysis result apparently exhaustive accession handeleum contains kindred active component with vitamin e,Neophytadiene, tocopherol's gamma, Ergost - 5 en 3 ol (3. beta.) and stigmast - 5 en 3 ol. Key words: Graptophyllum pictum, phytochemical, active component, accessio

Pengaruh Kehalusan Bahan Dan Lama Ekstraksi Terhadap Mutu Ekstrak Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.)

Utilization of medicinal plants both for health and treatment increased at this time. Number of Traditional Medicine Industry (IOT), Small Industries Traditional Medicine (IKOT) and Industrial Appliances (PIRT) is increasing. Thus the demand for raw materials is increasing, one of which is tempuyung. Good quality raw material in the form of crude drugs and extracts need to be considered as related to the efficacy and quality of products for further processing. The study aims to determine the effect size and the old material extraction to the yield and quality of the extract. Activity consists of two sub-activities (1). How to drying (a) the sun covered with black cloth, (b) the sun combination of tools, and (c) drier. Sub-activities (2) extraction technique which consists of two factors: the fineness of materials (20,40 and 60 mesh) and the second factor is the length of the extraction (2, 4, and 6 hours). The study design using factorial completely randomized design with three replications. Parameter observations consisted of yield bulbs, phytochemical screening, quality characteristics, extract yield, and quality extracts. The results showed levels of water extract Sonchus arvensis L. greater than the levels of alcohol cider. Quality simplicia Sonchus arvensis L. dried using a dryer is not different from the quality of the dried under the sun. Fineness of materials and time of extraction affects the yield of the extract Sonchus arvensis L Keywords: Subtlety material, extraction, qualit

Pengaruh Pelayuan Dan Penyulingan Terhadap Rendemen Dan Mutu Minyak Serai Wangi (Cymbopogom nardus)

Demand for essential oils is increasing one of them is citronella oil. In addition to the  cosmetic industry, aromatherapy, medicine and pesticide plant, citronella oil can also be used as a biofuel that can support the development of agricultural systems-bioindustry and waste for livestock feed. To fulfill demand for quality citronella oil, needed an effectiveprocessing technology.The research aims to gain processing technology to increase the production and quality citronella oil. The research using completely randomized design consisting of two factors and replications. The first factor is the time of wilting (A) consists of 5 levels: a1 (fresh), a2 (2 days), a3 (4 days), a4 (6 days), a5 (8 days), and a6 (dried). The second factor is distillation time (B) consists of 3 levels: b1 (2 hours), b2 (4 hours), and (6 hours). Parameters observed were water content, oil yield, oil quality, and physico-chemical properties of the oil. The results showed, wilting time and refining effect on the yield and quality of citronella oil. The essential oil yield ranged from 0.28 to 0.69% of fresh ingredients, wilt and dry from 1.30 to 2.17% from 1.09 to 1.42%. The longer it wilting, the resulting oil yield higher. Total geraniol fresh citronella 78.23%, wilted material 83.12 to90.22% and dry matter 83.68%, while sitronellal content each by 38.40%, 31.11 to 34.82%, and 33,36%. Citronella oil of processing technology effectively is wilting for two days and 4 destilation time 4 hours.Keywords: Cymbopogon nardus), withering, distillation, geraniol, citronella

Teknik Pelayuan dan Penyulingan Untuk Menghasilkan Minyak Timi Berkualitas

The utilization of medicinal plants for health and increasing treatment at this time. The number of traditional medicine industry is increasing so the demand for medicinal plants as raw material for the drug also increased. The quality of raw materials is very important to note because the drugs associated with efficacy. And refining research techniques to produce a withering thyme oil quality testing has been carried out in the Laboratory of the Research Institute for Spices and Medicinal Crops, Bogor from January to December 2013. The objectives research was to obtain raw materials that meet the standards. The thyme, the first factor is the length of withering (0, 2, 4, and 6 days) and a long second distillation (2, 4 and 6 hours). The research design using factorial completely randomized design with three replications. Observation parameters consist of oil yield, refractive index and content thyme oil thymol. Thyme oil quality is affected by withering and distillation. The optimal distillation techniques found in withering thyme for 6 days and 6 hours distillation. Keywords: Thymus vulgaris L, withering, distillation, extraction and thymo

Pengaruh Kehalusan Bahan Dan Lama Ekstraksi Terhadap Mutu Ekstrak Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.)

Utilization of medicinal plants both for health and treatment increased at this time. Number of Traditional Medicine Industry (IOT), Small Industries Traditional Medicine (IKOT) and Industrial Appliances (PIRT) is increasing. Thus the demand for raw materials is increasing, one of which is tempuyung. Good quality raw material in the form of crude drugs and extracts need to be considered as related to the efficacy and quality of products for further processing. The study aims to determine the effect size and the old material extraction to the yield and quality of the extract. Activity consists of two sub-activities (1). How to drying (a) the sun covered with black cloth, (b) the sun combination of tools, and (c) drier. Sub-activities (2) extraction technique which consists of two factors: the fineness of materials (20,40 and 60 mesh) and the second factor is the length of the extraction (2, 4, and 6 hours). The study design using factorial completely randomized design with three replications. Parameter observations consisted of yield bulbs, phytochemical screening, quality characteristics, extract yield, and quality extracts. The results showed levels of water extract Sonchus arvensis L. greater than the levels of alcohol cider. Quality simplicia Sonchus arvensis L. dried using a dryer is not different from the quality of the dried under the sun. Fineness of materials and time of extraction affects the yield of the extract Sonchus arvensis L Keywords: Subtlety material, extraction, qualit

The Flow Rate of the Condenser Cooling Water in the Distillation Process Increases the Quality and Quantity of Patchouli Oil

Indonesia is an important essential oil-exporting country globally, where 40 types of essential oils have been traded on the international market and are products of Indonesia. However, the quality and quantity of patchouli oil produced in Indonesia are still low. Most essential oil processing units use simple or traditional technology and generally have limited production capacity. This study aimed to obtain the optimum water flow rate in a condenser system for patchouli oil production in Maluku, Indonesia. Patchouli oil extraction from fresh patchouli leaves and twigs was carried out by increasing the condenser water discharge rate. Patchouli oil extraction with a condenser cooling water discharge treatment of 1.74 L/min and drying time for 5 days produced the highest patchouli oil yield of 1.4%. The greater the condenser water discharge rate, the better the yield and accumulation of patchouli oil recovery obtained. In addition, based on the results of the analysis of the composition of patchouli oil compounds with GCMS, it can be seen that 13 compounds can be detected in patchouli oil. The three main components of patchouli oil in all condenser cooling water treatments were alpha-guaiene, delta-guaiene, and patchouli alcohol. Considering the results of all parameters mentioned above, the treatment of the condenser cooling water discharge of 1.74 L/min and drying time for 5 days increases the quality and quantity of patchouli oil