Histological comparison of three apatitic bone substitutes with different carbonate contents in alveolar bone defects in a beagle mandible with simultaneous implant installation

Since bone apatite is a carbonate apatite containing carbonate in an apatitic structure, carbonate content may be one of the factors governing the osteoconductivity of apatitic bone substitutes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of carbonate content on the osteoconductivity of apatitic bone substitutes using three commercially available bone substitutes for the reconstruction of alveolar bone defects of a beagle mandible with simultaneous dental implant installation. NEOBONE®, Bio-Oss®, and Cytrans® that contain 0.1 mass%, 5.5 mass%, and 12.0 mass% of carbonate, respectively, were used in this study. The amount of newly formed bone in the upper portion of the alveolar bone defect of the beagle’s mandible was 0.7%, 6.6%, and 39.4% at 4 weeks after surgery and 4.7%, 39.5% and 75.2% at 12 weeks after surgery for NEOBONE®, Bio-Oss®, and Cytrans®, respectively. The results indicate that bone-to-implant contact ratio was the largest for Cytrans®. Additionally, the continuity of the alveolar ridge was restored in the case of Cytrans®, whereas the continuity of the alveolar ridge was not sufficient when using NEOBONE® and Bio-Oss®. Both Cytrans® and Bio-Oss® that has a relatively larger carbonate content in their apatitic structure was resorbed with time. We concluded that carbonate content is one of important factors governing the osteoconductivity of apatitic bone substitutes

The Effect of Cranial Change on Oropharyngeal Airway and Breathing During Sleep

Mandibular micrognathia is one of the characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of bimaxillary surgery without maxillary advancement on the upper airway using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results of comparing pre- and post-operative finite element model. Seven female patients with jaw deformity, who underwent two-jaw surgery (Le Fort1 osteotomy and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy; BSSRO) were enrolled. Maxillary was moved for correcting occlusal plane and mandibular was moved to advancement. Pharyngeal airway space and breathing during sleep were evaluated, comparing the periods of 2 days before and 6 months after the operation. The cross-sectional area of the level of the hard palate (HP) and the level of the tip of the uvula (TU), and airway volume of total, HP-TU, and TP- the level of the base of the epiglottis (BE) were increased. AI and AHI in 2 days before and 6 months after were decreased. As the result of nasal ventilation condition, velocity of HP and TU in 2 days before and 6 months after were decreased. We think that it was revealed that movement of the maxilla without advancement did not affect to the morphology and function of airway

A clinical study on malignant lymphomas arising in the oral region

2008年から2018年までの11年間に当科で口腔領域に発症した悪性リンパ腫の18例について臨床的特徴を調べた。患者は，平均年齢が70.2歳の男性10例，女性8例であった。原発部位の10例（55.6％）は上顎歯肉で，初期症状は15例（83.3％）で腫瘤と腫脹であった。7例（38.9％）が初診時に臨床的に悪性リンパ腫と診断されたが，その他の11例は正しく診断することが困難であった。腫瘤形成や潰瘍のような様々な臨床症状が診断を困難にしており，1回の生検では確定診断が得られなかった。そこで，血液検査値が診断の指標であるかどうかを検討した。われわれの結果は，17例中8例のLDH（47.1％）と16例中11例のsIL-2R（68.8％）が高い値を示していた。さらに，われわれはリンパ球/単球数比（LMR）が診断に役立つかどうかを調べた。LMRの値は，17例中13例（76.5％）が有意に低く，非ML患者と比較しても有意差を認めた。以上のことより，LMRの血液検査も診断の補助的なマーカーであると考えられた。We examined the clinical characteristics of 18 cases of malignant lymphomas arising in the oral region which were diagnosed at our department during the 11 years from 2008 to 2018. The patients consisted of 10 males and 8 females whose mean age was 70.2 years. The primary site was the upper gingiva in 10 cases （55.6％）, and the initial symptoms were tumor mass and swelling in 15 cases （83.3％）. Only 7 cases （38.9％） were clinically diagnosed as malignant lymphoma at first visit, but the other 11 cases were difficult to diagnose correctly. The various clinical symptoms such as mass formation and ulcer made differential diagnosis difficult, and a definitive diagnosis could not be obtained by only a single biopsy. Therefore, we examined whether blood test results might be used as an indicator of the diagnosis or not. Our results showed that LDH in 8 of 17 cases （47.1％） and sIL-2R in 11 of 16 cases （68.8％） were high values. Furthermore, we examined whether lymphocyte-monocyte ratio （LMR） helped the diagnosis or not. Thirteen of 17 cases （76.5％） showed a low value of LMR. There was a significant difference in LMR compared to non-malignant lymphoma patients. LMR in the blood tests was also considered to be a useful marker for the diagnosis