ANTIPROLIFERATIVE AND DNA CLEAVAGE ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF ACACIA FARNESIANA LINN. POD

Objective: Cancer has become the major disease by uncontrolled cell growth effecting large population on the globe. This study, deals with antiproliferative activity of different solvent extracts, viz., n-hexane (S1), dichloromethane (DCM) (S2), and methanol (S3) of Acacia farnesiana pod on four cancer cell lines, viz., chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562), breast cancer (MCF-7), hepatocellular carcinoma (HePG2), colorectal adenocarcinoma (Colo 205), and DNA cleavage activity of the extracts on CT-DNA.Methods: The antiproliferative study was performed by MTT assay and DNA cleavage studies of the solvent extracts (S1, S2, and S3) and its fractions (S4 and S5) was carried out by agarose gel electrophoresis method.Results: The antiproliferative activity results revealed that n-hexane extract (S1) has showed activity against MCF-7 (21.70 %) cell line and methanol extract (S3) against K562 (24.5%) and HePG2 (23.3%) cell lines. The DNA cleavage could be seen at every concentration tested by n-hexane (S1), DCM (S2), and methanol (S3) extracts and significant cleavage was observed at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 μg by fractions (S4) and (S5) of methanol extract.Conclusion: The results indicated that the extract of A. farnesiana pod (n-hexane and methanol) has antiproliferative properties and the DNA cleavage studies performed on CT-DNA was found that the extracts and its fractions showed significant activity at the concentrations tested

Effects of Radiation Absorption and Mass Transfer on the Free Convective Flow Passed a Vertical Flat Plate through a Porous Medium in an Aligned Magnetic Field

This article analyses the effects of radiation absorption and mass transfer on the steady free convective flow of a viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid past an infinite vertical flat plate through a porous medium with an aligned magnetic field. Analytical solutions for concentration, temperature, and velocity are obtained by solving the governing equations in two cases namely (i) when the plate is at uniform temperature and concentration and (ii) when the plate is at constant heat and mass flux. Further the rate of mass transfer in terms of the Sherwood number, rate of heat transfer in terms of Nusselt number and skin friction in terms of shear stress are also derived. The effects of various flow parameters on concentration, temperature, velocity, Sherwood number, Nusselt number and skin-friction affecting the flow field are discussed and analyzed

ANTIPROLIFERATIVE, ADME AND POTENTIAL IN SILICO G6PDH INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF NOVEL 2-(1-BENZOFURAN-2-YL)-4-(5-PHENYL-4H-1, 2, 4-TRIAZOL-3-YL) QUINOLINE DERIVATIVES

Objectives: Synthesis of new 2-(1-benzofuran-2-yl)-4-(5-phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl) quinoline and its derivatives for antiproliferative potential against cancer cells.Methods: The general methods were employed for the synthesis and the structures were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectral analysis. The antiproliferative activity was performed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and molecular docking study were performed by Auto Dock Tools. In silico Absorption-Distribution-Metabolism-Excretion-Toxicity (ADMET) study for the drug, likeliness was carried out on ACD/lab-2.Results: The compound 3l showed 44, 44, 38 and 37 % inhibition against MCF-7, HepG2, Colo205 and HeLa cell lines, respectively; whereas, the compounds 3i and 3j exhibited 49 and 42 % inhibition against MCF-7 cell line. The molecular docking study revealed that the compound 3i has the lowest binding energy (-8.60 Kcal mol-1), suggesting to be potentially best inhibitor of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH). The in silico ADME analysis also revealed that compound 3i does not violate any of the Lipinski rules of five and has the best stimulative human colonic absorption up to 95 %.Conclusion: The study reveals that the compounds containing benzofuran coupled nitrogen heterocycles are essential for activity as they possess excellent drug-like characteristics.Â

Fishery and stock structure of Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788) off Andhra waters along western Bay of Bengal

537-542The fishery and stock structure of Thunnus albacares off Andhra waters along western Bay of Bengal was studied from 2012 to 2015. The average annual landing of the species during the study period was 5,952 t contributing 32.9 % of the total tuna landings. Gill nets contributed 59 % of the catches, followed by hook and lines (34 %). Von Bertalanffy growth equation was Lt = 196.35 [1 – e–0.23 (t+0.0546)] and natural mortality, fishing mortality and total mortality was 0.4, 0.71 and 1.11 with exploitation ratio of 0.64 and exploitation rate of 0.43. Annual average stock, standing stock biomass and maximum sustainable yield were 13,879 t, 8,383 t and 4,653 t, respectively. Yield per recruit and biomass per recruit estimated were 2584.7 g and 3640.4 g. The exploitation rate, yield and yield per recruit indicate the stock of T. albacares to be overexploited. To sustainably and optimally harvest the species, reduction in the present fishing effort by 60 % is necessary, thereby increasing the yield by 35.31 %. With overcapacity in the number of gillnetters and hook and line units operating in the waters off Andhra Pradesh, implementation of the recommended fleet size proposed by Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute by means of buy-back measures and strict adherence to Minimum Legal Size at harvest would ensure sustainable and optimum exploitation of the resource

In-depth analysis of cervical cancer burden among gynecological malignancies at a tertiary cancer hospital, Hyderabad

Gynecologic malignancies are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding the most recent worldwide patterns and temporal changes in cervical cancer burden could help to prevent and control the disease. The goal of this retrospective study was to estimate the prevalence of cervical cancer among gynecological malignancies diagnosed at the Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital & Research Institute (BIACH&RI) Hyderabad, Telangana, India, between January 2017 and December 2021. This study received permission from the BIACH&RI's ethical committee. The information was manually obtained from clinical records based on each patient's MR numbers and the results were analyzed using a statistical package available from IBM SPSS version 26. During the study period of 5 years, a total of 94133 cases of various cancers were documented at BIACH&RI, among which 5524 were gynecological malignancies. The cervix was the most common site with 56%, followed by the ovary (26%) and endometrial (11.5%). Vulva and vaginal tumors were less frequent. According to this study cervical cancers occurred between 20-90 years with 61 percent of cases occurring in women aged 41 to 60.&nbsp

In Vitro Antioxidant, Antiproliferative, and Phytochemical Study in Different Extracts of Nyctanthes arbortristis Flowers

Nyctanthes arbortristis L. (Oleaceae) is widely used in the Indian system of traditional medicine and is reported to have various biological activities. The present study was intended to evaluate the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of flower extracts of Nyctanthes arbortristis. The shade dried flowers were extracted with 95% ethanol under sonication and the antioxidant activities were investigated using in vitro assays along with the determination of phytochemical constituents (total polyphenol and total flavonoid). Arborside C and β-monogentiobioside ester of α-Crocetin were identified in crude active extracts through LCMS/MS analysis. The antiproliferative activity was carried out by MTT assay by employing different human cancer cell lines. The lowest IC50 value of 24.56 ± 6.63 μg/mL was observed against Colo 205 cell line. The extract exhibited significant antioxidant and antiproliferative properties and the observed biological activities in this study provide scientific validation of ethnomedicinal use of this plant

Impact of Tillage and Nitrogen Management Practices on Growth and Yield of Rabi Maize (Zea mays L.)

A field experiment was conducted in sandy loam soils of Agricultural Research Station, Karimnagar during Rabi, 2022 in a split-plot design with three replications. Main plots includes three tillage practices viz., Zero tillage, Reduced tillage and Conventional tillage and sub plots includes three nitrogen levels viz., 75 %N, 100%N and 125%N. The results revealed that, maize cultivation under conventional tillage recorded significantly higher grain yield (8324 kg ha-1) which is statistically on par with reduced tillage treatment (7775 kg ha-1). In turn reduced tillage was statistically comparable to zero-tillage treatment (7353kg ha-1). Among different nitrogen levels examined, maize sown with 125% N application achieved significantly highest grain yield (8055 kg ha-1). This yield was statistically comparable to grain yield observed with 100% N application (7896 kg ha-1). While, significantly lowest grain yield (7501 kg ha-1) was recorded with 75% N application. Significantly highest grain yield in conventional tillage which is statistically on par with reduced tillage and among nitrogen levels, highest grain yield with 125%N which is on par with 100% N may attributed to increase in crop growth parameters viz., plant height, leaf area index and higher yield attributes viz., cob length and diameter, kernel rows number. The study concludes that maize cultivation with conventional tillage or reduced tillage results in higher grain yield. Concerning different nitrogen levels, higher grain and economic yield was obtained with 100% N application

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Not AvailablePlanning aquaculture and fisheries activities in a reservoir requires knowledge of dynamics of water spread. We studied water spread dynamics of three reservoirs in the Godavari river basin, India using multi-temporal satellite imagery for the period 1990–2018 and developed a framework for mapping the spatial extent of water spread area (WSA) having potential for enclosure fish culture. The study showed that WSA of Nizamsagar reservoir in pre-monsoon season has declined from 108.11 to 99.34 km2 from phase I (1990–2006) to phase II (2007–2018), respectively and a similar trend was seen in Pocharam and Nallavagu reservoirs. For post monsoon seasons of the same time period, an increase in WSA was seen in Nizamsagar (133.75–144.14 km2) and Pocharam reservoirs (14.15-14.67 km2). Based on frequency of water presence during 2007–2018, WSA with potential for cage and pen culture was determined in Nizamsagar (31.04 km2) and Pocharam (2.87 km2) reservoirs. The study showed that both the reservoirs can accommodate maximum allowed number of cages (5000 and 500 cages respectively). We provide a decision matrix for location-specific selection of suitable culture methods and candidate species, which would aid in optimal utilization of the hitherto under-utilized reservoirs, especially in in situ data poor conditions. This study can be scaled up in the entire country with the help of academia/industry to prioritize reservoirs with potential for enclosure fish culture and plan appropriate interventions for reducing their yield gap.Not Availabl