Design of AMBA AXI4 protocol for System-on-Chip communication

Advanced microcontroller bus architecture (AMBA) protocol family provides metric-driven verification of protocol compliance, enabling comprehensive testing of interface intellectual property (IP) blocks and system-on-chip (SoC) designs. The AMBA advanced extensible interface 4 (AXI4) update to AMBA AXI3 includes the following: support for burst lengths up to 256 beats, updated write response requirements, removal of locked transactions and AXI4 also includes information on the interoperability of components. AMBA AXI4 protocol system supports 16 masters and 16 slaves interfacing. This paper presents a work aimed to design the AMBA AXI4 protocol modeled in Verilog hardware description language (HDL) and simulation results for read and write operation of data and address are shown in Verilog compiler simulator (VCS) tool. The operating frequency is set to 100MHz. Two test cases are run to perform multiple read and multiple write operations. To perform single read operation module takes 160ns and for single write operation it takes 565ns

Prediction of Stock Market Index Using Genetic Algorithm

The generation of profitable trading rules for stock market investments is a difficult task but admired problem. First stage is classifying the prone direction of the price for BSE index (India cements stock price index (ICSPI)) futures with several technical indicators using artificial intelligence techniques. And second stage is mining the trading rules to determined conflict among the outputs of the first stage using the evolve learning. We have found trading rule which would have yield the highest return over a certain time period using historical data. These groundwork results suggest that genetic algorithms are promising model yields highest profit than other comparable models and buy-and-sell strategy. Experimental results of buying and selling of trading rules were outstanding. Key words: Data mining, Trading rule, Genetic algorithm, ANN, ICSPI predictio

Instances Selection Using Advance Data Mining Techniques”,

ABSTRACT Genetic algorithms (GA) are optimization techniques inspired from natural evolution processes. They handle a population of individuals that evolve with the help of information exchange procedures. In this paper we proposed genetic algorithms (GA) approach to optimize of connection weights and instance selection for artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict the stock price index. ANN has preeminent learning ability, but often exhibit inconsistent and unpredictable performance for noisy data. In this paper GA is employed not only to improve the learning algorithm, but also to reduce the complexity in feature space. GA optimizes simultaneously the connection weights between layers and a selection of relevant instances. This study applies the proposed model to India Cements Stock Price Index (ICSPI) analysis. Experimental results show that the GA approach is a promising method for instance selection and optimize the connection weight between layers

Transmission Efficiency of an Aerodynamic Focusing Lens System: Comparison of Model Calculations and Laboratory Measurements for the Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer

The size-dependent particle transmission efficiency of the aerodynamic lens system used in the Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) was investigated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations and experimental measurements. The CFD calculations revealed that the entire lens system, including the aerodynamic lens itself, the critical orifice which defines the operating lens pressure, and a valve assembly, needs to be considered. Previous calculations considered only the aerodynamic lens. The calculations also investigated the effect of operating the lens system at two different sampling pressures, 7.8 × 104 Pa (585 torr) and 1.0 × 105 Pa (760 torr). Experimental measurements of transmission efficiency were performed with size-selected diethyl hexyl sebacate (DEHS), NH4NO3, and NaNO3 particles on three different AMS instruments at two different ambient sampling pressures (7.8 × 104 Pa, 585 torr and 1.0 × 105 Pa, 760 torr). Comparisons of the measurements and the calculations showqualitative agreement, but there are significant deviations which are as yet unexplained. On the small size end (30 nm to 150 nm vacuum aerodynamic diameter), the measured transmission efficiency is lower than predicted. On the large size end (\u3e350 nm vacuum aerodynamic diameter

Ten years survival results of randomized study comparing weekly vs. triweekly cisplatin with concurrent radiation in locally advanced carcinoma cervix

Background: The current standard of treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer is concurrent chemo-radiation with improved overall survival (OS) by 6% with manageable toxicities. The cisplatin 40 mg/m2 given weekly is the widely practiced regimen for 4–6 cycles concurrently with irradiation. Materials and methods: Two hundred and twelve patients with histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma of cervix with stages IIB to IIIB were enrolled between 2007–2011. External beam radiation dose of 45 Gy in 25 fractions was delivered over 5 weeks. Brachytherapy was delivered by manual afterloading cesium-137 (Cs137) low dose brachytherapy (LDR) using modified Fletcher suit intracavitary applicators to a total dose of 30 Gy to Point A or interstitial template to dose of 21 Gy/3 fractions with remote afterloading iridium-192 (Ir192) high dose brachytherapy (HDR). Patients were randomized to arm A receiving 40 mg/m2 of concurrent cisplatin weekly and arm B receiving 100 mg/m2 of concurrent cisplatin triweekly. Results: One hundred and nine patients were randomized to weekly cisplatin and one hundred and three patients to triweekly cisplatin at the end of recruitment. At ten years, the OS was higher in the weekly arm (79.8%) compared to triweekly arm (70.9%). Disease free survival (DFS) was almost equal (76.1% and 73.8%) in the weekly and three-weekly arms. There is definite significance in overall DFS with patients receiving the cumulative cisplatin doses of more than 250 mg (p = 0.028). The patients with more than 45 years of age had better overall survival (OS) (79%) with statistical significance 31 (p = 0.020). Conclusion: Both cisplatin based triweekly and weekly concurrent chemotherapy are equally effective in terms of OS and DFS

Chemical Evolution of Atmospheric Organic Carbon over Multiple Generations of Oxidation

The evolution of atmospheric organic carbon (OC) as it undergoes oxidation has a controlling influence on concentrations of key atmospheric species, including particulate matter, ozone, and oxidants. However, the full characterization of OC over hours to days of atmospheric processing has been stymied by its extreme chemical complexity. Here we study the multigenerational oxidation of -pinene in the laboratory, characterizing products with several state-of-the-art analytical techniques. While quantification of some early-generation products remains elusive, full carbon closure is achieved (within uncertainty) by the end of the experiments. This enables new insights into the effects of oxidation on OC properties (volatility, oxidation state, and reactivity), and the atmospheric lifecycle of OC. Following an initial period characterized by functionalization reactions and particle growth, fragmentation reactions dominate, forming smaller species. After approximately one day of atmospheric aging, most carbon is sequestered in two long-lived reservoirs, volatile oxidized gases and low-volatility particulate matter

Declines in risk behaviour and sexually transmitted infection prevalence following a community-led HIV preventive intervention among female sex workers in Mysore, India.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact on sexual behaviour and sexually transmitted infections (STI) of a comprehensive community-led intervention programme for reducing sexual risk among female sex workers (FSW) in Mysore, India. The key programme components were: community mobilization and peer-mediated outreach; increasing access to and utilization of sexual health services; and enhancing the enabling environment to support programme activities. METHODS: Two cross-sectional surveys among random samples of FSW were conducted 30 months apart, in 2004 and 2006. RESULTS: Of over 1000 women who sell sex in Mysore city, 429 participated in the survey at baseline and 425 at follow-up. The median age was 30 years, median duration in sex work 4 years, and the majority were street based (88%). Striking increases in condom use were seen between baseline and follow-up surveys: condom use at last sex with occasional clients was 65% versus 90%, P < 0001; with repeat clients 53% versus 66%, P < 0.001; and with regular partners 7% versus 30%, P < 0.001. STI prevalence declined from baseline to follow-up: syphilis 25% versus 12%, P < 0.001; trichomonas infection 33% versus 14%, P < 0.001; chlamydial infection 11% versus 5%, P = 0.001; gonorrhoea 5% versus 2%, P = 0.03. HIV prevalence remained stable (26% versus 24%), and detuned assay testing suggested a decline in recent HIV infections. CONCLUSION: This comprehensive HIV preventive intervention empowering FSW has resulted in striking increases in reported condom use and a concomitant reduction in the prevalence of curable STI. This model should be replicated in similar urban settings across India