61 research outputs found

    Characterisation of apple cider cultivars by chemometric techniques using data from high-performance liquid chromatography and flow-injection analysis

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    Analytical techniques (HPLC and flow-injection analysis) for determining sugars, organic acids, polyphenols and pectins in apples, were employed along with chemometrics in the ripening and classification studies of cider apples. The use of principal component analysis allowed the authors to reduce the dimensionality of the data matrix; three new variables were obtained that accounted for 76% of variance. The projection of the apple cultivars in the reduced space allowed us to visualize the data structure on the basis of the degree of ripening and technological characteristics of the cider apple varieties monitored. Linear discriminant analysis computed a canonical variable with a prediction capacity of 93%, using three groups for cancellation in order to validate the method. The use of modelling techniques, such as SIMCA and partial least squares made an adequate grouping of apple cultivars feasible on the basis of their degree of ripening

    Effects of a fire on runoff and erosion on mediterranean forest soils in SE Spain

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    From 1985 to 1990, precipitation, runoff and soil erosion have been studied on experimental plots in a locality of Alicante (SE Spain). A prescribed burning was carried out in September of 1989, (maximum temperature was moderate). In order to know soil evolution, soil was sampled three times: before fire, one day after fire and six months later. One day after fire, a significant increase in organic matter content, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and the cations: K+, Mg2+ and N+, was found. On the other hand, Ca2+ and C.E.C. showed an opposite pattern. The modified values after fire tended to go bacic to the initial levels in the case of organic matter, phosphorus, Na+, Ca2+ and C.E.C. Annual runoff after fire is significantly lower than in the year before fire, whilst average runoff in the year after fire is only significantly different when the most erosive year (October 1987-September 1988) is not considered. The runoff decrease will be related with a lower average precipitation after fire. There are no significant differences in the sediment yield between the year before and after the fire. The nutrient outputs and runoff decrease is greater than the nutrient inputs and precipitation decrease after fire. Nutrient output in runoff after fire ranges between 8 to 35 % of the previous year, whilst volume of runoff is only 3 %, implying a greater concentration.[es] Se han estudiado los flujos de escorrentía y remoción de suelo, así como su composición química durante cinco años (1985-1990) en unas parcelas de erosión en una localidad de la provincia de Alicante (SE-España). En septiembre de 1989 se incendió la vegetación de las parcelas registrándose temperaturas moderadas. Se ha realizado un seguimiento de la química del suelo mediante tres muestreos: previo al fuego, al día siguiente y 180 días después. Al día siguiente del incendio se ha producido en el suelo un incremento estadísticamente significativo del contenido en materia orgánica, nitrógeno total, fósforo asimilable y los cationes cambiables: K+, Mg2+ y N+. Por el contrario, hay una disminución de Ca2+ y de la C.I.C. Los valores modificados tras el incendio tienden a recuperar su nivel Inicial en el caso de materia orgánica, fósforo. Na+, Ca2+ y C.I.C. La escorrentía anual tras el incendio es significativamente menor que la del año anterior al incendio, mientras que la escorrentía media es significativamente menor sólo en el caso de no considerar el año más erosivo (Octubre 1987-Septiembre 1988), lo que estaría asociado con una disminución de la precipitación media tras el incendio. Por su parte, la producción de sedimentos del año posterior al incendio no presenta diferencias significativas respecto al año anterior. La disminución en la salida de nutrientes y en el volumen de escorrentía es más acentuada que la disminución en la entrada de nutrientes y en el volumen de la precipitación después del incendio. La salida de nutrientes por escorrentía tras el incendio presenta un rango entre 8 y 35% del año anterior, cuando el volumen sólo representa el 3 %, lo que Implica un aumento en su concentración. [fr] On a étudié les flux de ruissellement et de transport du sol, ainsi que sa composition chimique, pendant cinq ans (1985-1990), dans des parcelles d'érosion dans une localité de la Province d'Alicante (SE-Espagne). En septembre 1989, on a brûle la végétation des parcelles, en enregistrant des températures modérées. On a réalisé un suivi de la chimie du sol par trois échantillonnages: avant le feu, le jour suivant et 180 jours plus tard. Le jour après l'incendie, il s'est produit dans le sol une augmentation statistiquement significative de la teneur en matière organique, azote total, phosphore assimilable, et des cations changeables: K+ Mg2+ et Na+. Au contraire, il y a une diminution de Ca2+ et de la C.I.C. Les valeurs modifiées après l'incendie tendent à reprendre leur niveau initial dans le cas de la matière organique, phosphore, Na+ Ca2+ et C.I.C. Le ruissellement annuel après l'incendie est significativement moindre que pour l'année avant l'incendie, cependant que le ruissellement moyen est significativement plus faible uniquement dans le cas où l'on ne considère pas l'année où l'érosion a été maximale (octobre 1987-septembre 1988), ce qui serait associé à une diminution de la précipitation moyenne après l'incendie. D'autre part, la production de sédiments pendant l'année postérieure à l'incendie ne présente pas de différences significatives par rapport à l'année précédente. La diminution de l'exportation d'éléments nutritifs et du volume de ruissellement est plus accentuée que la diminution de l'entrée d'éléments nutritifs et que le volume de la précipitation après l'incendie. L'exportation d'éléments nutritifs par ruissellement après l'incendie reste dans une gamme de 8 à 35% par rapport à l'année précédente, tandis que le volume ne représente que 3%, ce qui implique une augmentation de la concentration

    Inventory of Geological Sites of Interest in the Canary Islands

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    En el marco de proyecto de investigación LIGCANARIAS (2018-2021) se ha realizado el Inventario de Lugares de Interés Geológico de las Islas Canarias, que forma parte del Inventario Español de Lugares de Interés Geológico (IELIG) para el dominio de este archipiélago. El inventario ha empleado la metodología del IELIG adaptada a un dominio geológico eminentemente volcánico, partiendo de los contextos geológicos regionales. Consta de 300 LIG: 53 en Gran Canaria, 47 en Tenerife, 54 en Lanzarote y Archipiélago Chinijo, 40 en Fuerteventura, 29 en La Palma, 23 en La Gomera y 21 en El Hierro. La principal novedad con respecto a los inventarios en otros dominios geológicos es la identificación de 33 LIG submarinos.Within the framework of the LIGCANARIAS research project (2018-2021), the Inventory of Geological Sites of Interest of the Canary Islands has been carried out, which is part of the Spanish Inventory of Places of Geological Interest (IELIG) for the domain of this archipelago. The inventory has used the IELIG methodology adapted to an eminently volcanic geological domain, based on regional geological frameworks. It consists of 300 geosites: 53 in Gran Canaria, 47 in Tenerife, 54 in Lanzarote and Chinijo Archipelago, 40 in Fuerteventura, 29 in La Palma, 23 in La Gomera and 21 in El Hierro. The main novelty with respect to the inventories in other geological domains is the identification of 33 submarine geosites.Depto. de Mineralogía y PetrologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEAgencia Canaria de Investigación, Innovación y Sociedad de la Informaciónpu

    Exercise Ventilatory Inefficiency in Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: Insights from a Prospective Evaluation

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    The present study was partially granted by Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León under grant number GRS COVID 111/A/20 and a grant from the Spanish Society of Cardiology SEC/FEC-INVCLI 2.Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a systemic disease characterized by a disproportionate inflammatory response in the acute phase. This study sought to identify clinical sequelae and their potential mechanism. Methods: We conducted a prospective single-center study (NCT04689490) of previously hospitalized COVID-19 patients with and without dyspnea during mid-term follow-up. An outpatient group was also evaluated. They underwent serial testing with a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), transthoracic echocardiogram, pulmonary lung test, six-minute walking test, serum biomarker analysis, and quality of life questionaries. Results: Patients with dyspnea (n = 41, 58.6%), compared with asymptomatic patients (n = 29, 41.4%), had a higher proportion of females (73.2 vs. 51.7%; p = 0.065) with comparable age and prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. There were no significant differences in the transthoracic echocardiogram and pulmonary function test. Patients who complained of persistent dyspnea had a significant decline in predicted peak VO2 consumption (77.8 (64–92.5) vs. 99 (88–105); p 50% of COVID-19 survivors present a symptomatic functional impairment irrespective of age or prior hospitalization. Our findings suggest a potential ventilation/perfusion mismatch or hyperventilation syndrome.Fac. de MedicinaTRUEJunta de Castilla y León. Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y LeónSociedad Española de Cardiologíapu

    Historia geológica y reconstrucción paleobiológica de los depósitos paleontológicos de la playa de El Confital (Gran Canaria, islas Canarias)

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    XXXIV Jornadas de Paleontología y IV Congreso Ibérico de Paleontología (Vila Real, Portugal. Sep 2018) p. 491-499El archipiélago canario está situado cerca de la costa NO de África y es de naturaleza volcánica. Fuerteventura y Lanzarote son las islas más antiguas del archipiélago (23 y 15 Ma aproximadamente) seguidas por Gran Canaria (14 Ma), siendo en estas tres islas solamente donde vamos a encontrar depósitos fosilíferos pertenecientes a las series Mioceno y Plioceno (Meco et al., 2015). El episodio MIS5e (Eemiense), por el contrario, podemos encontrarlo en todas las islas (Meco et al., 2002; Zazo et al., 2003; Martín-González et al., 2016). Este trabajo se centra en el estudio de los depósitos fosilíferos asociados a ambos periodos que aparecen en la playa de El Confital, en la isla de Gran Canaria Los afloramientos se encuentran al suroeste de La Isleta, un islote eminentemente volcánico situado en el extremo NE de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria unido al edificio insular principal por un tómbolo de arena, el istmo de Guanarteme. Se trata de una plataforma litoral activa modelada sobre piroclastos de origen hidromagmático (Hansen, 2008), que ha sido alterada antrópicamente en tiempos recientes. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria constituye uno de los escasos ejemplos en los que se pueden observar yacimientos paleontológicos de diferentes edades. En la parte alta de la ciudad se encuentra la Formación Detrítica de Las Palmas, de edad Mio-Plioceno, que contiene una importante asociación fosilífera estudiada por diferentes autores (Rothpletz & Simonelli, 1890; Meco et al., 2007; Betancort, 2012; Martín-González et al., 2018); mientras que en la zona baja se encuentran los afloramientos pertenecientes al episodio transgresivo marino MIS5e (Meco et al., 2002). En la playa de El Confital podemos encontrar, en ambos extremos, los yacimientos del Eemiense, al sur, cuyo estudio paleontológico y estratigráfico preliminar fue realizado por Cabrera (1987) y del Mioceno, al noroeste, donde Meco et al. (2015) citan por primera vez la existencia del nivel con Ostrea offretti Linnaeus. En este trabajo realizamos un análisis volcano-estratigráfico y paleontológico integral de la playa de El Confital con el fin de reconstruir la evolución temporal de la fauna fosilizada en esta zona.Museo de Ciencias Naturales (MCN). OAMCÁrea de Paleontología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de La LagunaDpto. de Geologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de LisboaCIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Pólo dos AçoresInstituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de LisboaUnidad Territorial de Canarias, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME)IOCAG. Instituto de Oceanografía y Cambio Global. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran CanariaTELLUS. Arqueología y Prehistoria en el Sur de Iberia. HUM-949Department of Geosciences, Williams CollegeDpto. de Geografía. Universidad de La LagunaÁrea de Patrimonio Geológico y Minero, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME).Área de Geología. Universidad Rey Juan Carlo

    Nomogram-based prediction of survival in patients with advanced oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma receiving first-line chemotherapy: a multicenter prospective study in the era of trastuzumab

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    Background: To develop and validate a nomogram and web-based calculator to predict overall survival (OS) in Caucasian-advanced oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma (AOA) patients undergoing first-line combination chemotherapy. Methods: Nine hundred twenty-four AOA patients treated at 28 Spanish teaching hospitals from January 2008 to September 2014 were used as derivation cohort. The result of an adjusted-Cox proportional hazards regression was represented as a nomogram and web-based calculator. The model was validated in 502 prospectively recruited patients treated between October 2014 and December 2016. Harrell's c-index was used to evaluate discrimination. Results: The nomogram includes seven predictors associated with OS: HER2-positive tumours treated with trastuzumab, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, number of metastatic sites, bone metastases, ascites, histological grade, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Median OS was 5.8 (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.5–6.6), 9.4 (95% CI, 8.5–10.6), and 14 months (95% CI, 11.8–16) for high-, intermediate-, and low-risk groups, respectively (P<0.001), in the derivation set and 4.6 (95% CI, 3.3–8.1), 12.7 (95% CI, 11.3–14.3), and 18.3 months (95% CI, 14.6–24.2) for high-, intermediate-, and low-risk groups, respectively (P<0.001), in the validation set. The nomogram is well-calibrated and reveals acceptable discriminatory capacity, with optimism-corrected c-indices of 0.618 (95% CI, 0.591–0.631) and 0.673 (95% CI, 0.636–0.709) in derivation and validation groups, respectively. The AGAMENON nomogram outperformed the Royal Marsden Hospital (c-index=0.583; P=0.00046) and Japan Clinical Oncology Group prognostic indices (c-index=0.611; P=0.03351). Conclusions: We developed and validated a straightforward model to predict survival in Caucasian AOA patients initiating first-line polychemotherapy. This model can contribute to inform clinical decision-making and optimise clinical trial design

    Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

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    [Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group
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