Dydrogesterone usage pattern in India: a knowledge, attitude and practice survey among Indian gynaecologists

Background: There is limited data about the knowledge, perception, and routine clinical usage pattern of dydrogesterone among medical practitioners in India. Therefore, the present survey was undertaken to assess attitudes and perception/practices of obstetrician and gynaecologists towards use of dydrogesterone in the real-life setting.Methods: Total 1168 gynaecologists across India participated in the KAP survey. Sixteen questions which explored indications, dosages, duration, efficacy, tolerability and comparison were asked and results were expressed as percentages.Results: Dydrogesterone has been marketed since the 1960s and has been extensively used worldwide for the treatment of threatened miscarriage (TM) and recurrent miscarriage (RM). Dydrogesterone is approved for hormone replacement therapy (HRT), as well as pregnancy and non-pregnancy-related conditions where there is a progesterone deficiency. In the present survey, dydrogesterone 10 mg twice daily was found to be the most commonly preferred dosage by 823 (73%) gynaecologists. Poor tolerability, compliance and lower efficacy were reported as major limitations of micronized progesterone by 68% of doctors. The average clinical pregnancy rate noted at 12 weeks after Dydrogesterone usage was around 40% by majority of the doctors. However, 30% of doctors noted more than 40% of clinical pregnancy rate after dydrogesterone usage. Almost 35% of doctors reported that the average live birth rate noticed after dydrogesterone usage is around 40%.Conclusions: The present KAP survey highlights that the effectiveness and the tolerability of dydrogesterone is valued by Indian gynaecologists which accounts for its robust clinical utility

Smart Yoga Assistant: SVM-based Real-time Pose Detection and Correction System

SVM-based Real-time Pose Detection and Correction System refer to a computer system that uses machine learning techniques to detect and correct a person's yoga pose in real-time. This system can act as a virtual yoga assistant, helping people improve their yoga practice by providing immediate feedback on their form and helping to prevent injury. This paper presents a yoga tracker and correction system that uses computer vision and machine learning algorithms to track and correct yoga poses. The system comprises a camera and a computer vision module that captures images of the yoga practitioner and identifies the poses being performed. The machine learning module analyzes the images to provide feedback on the quality of the poses and recommends corrections to improve form and prevent injuries. This paper proposed a customized support vector machine (SVM) based real-time pose detection and correction system that suggests yoga practices based on specific health conditions or diseases. Paper aims to provide a reliable and accessible resource for individuals seeking to use yoga as a complementary approach to managing their health conditions. The system also includes a practitioner’s interface that enables practitioners to receive personalized recommendations for their yoga practice. The system is developed using Python and several open-source libraries, and was tested on a dataset of yoga poses. The hyper parameter gamma tuned to optimize the classification accuracy on our dataset produced 87% which is better than other approaches. The experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the system in tracking and correcting yoga poses, and its potential to enhance the quality of yoga practice

A Comprehensive Review of Sentiment Analysis on Indian Regional Languages: Techniques, Challenges, and Trends

Sentiment analysis (SA) is the process of understanding emotion within a text. It helps identify the opinion, attitude, and tone of a text categorizing it into positive, negative, or neutral. SA is frequently used today as more and more people get a chance to put out their thoughts due to the advent of social media. Sentiment analysis benefits industries around the globe, like finance, advertising, marketing, travel, hospitality, etc. Although the majority of work done in this field is on global languages like English, in recent years, the importance of SA in local languages has also been widely recognized. This has led to considerable research in the analysis of Indian regional languages. This paper comprehensively reviews SA in the following major Indian Regional languages: Marathi, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Bengali, Gujarati, and Urdu. Furthermore, this paper presents techniques, challenges, findings, recent research trends, and future scope for enhancing results accuracy

Crankshaft Design Optimization to Improve Dynamic Balancing and Fatigue Strength

This study demonstrates crankshaft counterweight profile optimization to achieve better dynamic balancing. Balancing simulation was carried to predict initial unbalance. During balancing of actual crankshaft, the position of unbalance is sometimes shifted due to machining stock distribution towards non-favorable direction resulting into more number of balancing holes, thus productivity loss. To reduce this, counterweight profile optimized. After balancing, bending fatigue test carried out. Crankshaft exhibited pre-mature failure at unusual location. To determine the reason of failure, stress analysis was performed using FEA. Design enhancement solution proposed to reduce the stresses & subsequently enhance bending fatigue strength

The prevalence and health impact of musculoskeletal disorders among farmers

Context: Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) is common among farmers as agriculture work is highly physically demanding. India's 54.6% of the population is engaged in agriculture and allied activities. There is a need for accurate measurement and assessment of the impact of musculoskeletal conditions for public health action. Hence, in order to obtain prevalence and health impact of these problems as well as to evoke interest of researchers in this area, this study was conducted. Aim: To study the prevalence and health impact of MSD among farmers. Subjects and Methods: Study settings: Village from Sangli district. Study design: This was a cross-sectional study. Study subjects: Farmers of both sexes. Exclusion criteria: Farmers having history of arthritis or having MSD due to accidents. Sample size and sampling technique: Calculated sample 1150 from randomly selected village. Study tools: (a) Pro forma developed by investigator, (b) Modified Nordic Questionnaire, and (c) Ovako Working Posture Analyzing System. Statistical Analysis Used: Frequencies, percentages, Chi-square test, and binary logistic regression analysis was done with the help of SPSS software. Results: A total of 964 (83.8%) farmers experienced MSD in the last 1 year. Knee was the most commonly affected body part. Weeding with squatting position was most common posture. MSDs were significantly associated with age, addiction, and associated diseases. Binary logistic regression analysis concluded age, weight, height, and body mass index as strong predictors of MSD. Duration of disability as a result of MSD ranged from 1 to 190 days. Mean expenditure on medication was Rs. 3040.82. Conclusions: Prevalence of MSDs in farmers was high. MSDs had affected farmers adversely in terms of long disability days resulting into economic loss in terms of failure to work to earn and expenditure on treatment

Retention of an endoscopic capsule

Capsule endoscopy is a highly advanced, newer technology to look for small bowel diseases. But it has certain contraindications such as bowel narrowing, strictures that have to be ruled out on Barium studies or with computed tomography. We present a rare case of retention of endoscopic capsule even after ruling out stricture or bowel thickening on radiological imaging

Prevention of recurrence of bacterial vaginosis using lactobacilli-containing vaginal tablets among women with HIV: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded phase IV trial

Objectives: The effectiveness of lactobacilli-containing vaginal tablets (VT) in bacterial vaginosis (BV) recurrence prevention among women infected with HIV treated with standard oral metronidazole in Pune, India was studied. Methods: Women infected with HIV with confirmed BV diagnosis (Nugent score ≥7 and Amsel criteria >3) were enrolled in a 12-month, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase IV study between 2018 and 2021. After a standard course of oral metronidazole for 7 days (400 mg three times a day), women were randomly assigned to either lactobacilli-containing or placebo VT arms to receive VTs for 4 months. BV recurrence was assessed after the initial cure from BV. Results: Of the 464 women infected with HIV, 80 women with confirmed BV were enrolled. The retention was affected due to the COVID-19 pandemic (6-month retention rates 78%). The cure was seen in 85% and 93.5% of participants from the treatment and placebo arms, respectively, after four VT cycles. BV recurrence was seen in 41.4% and 44.8% in the treatment and placebo arm, respectively, with no significant difference in the two groups. Conclusion: The lactobacilli-containing VT was acceptable and safe; however, the addition of VT over standard oral metronidazole did not show any additional benefit in the prevention of BV recurrence in women infected with HIV, indicating the need for long-term randomized trials among them. Registered at Clinical Trials Registry- India, (CTRI) Number: CTRI/2018/04/01329