Role of the attractive intersite interaction in the extended Hubbard model

We consider the extended Hubbard model in the atomic limit on a Bethe lattice with coordination number z. By using the equations of motion formalism, the model is exactly solved for both attractive and repulsive intersite potential V. By focusing on the case of negative V, i.e., attractive intersite interaction, we study the phase diagram at finite temperature and find, for various values of the filling and of the on-site coupling U, a phase transition towards a state with phase separation. We determine the critical temperature as a function of the relevant parameters, U/|V|, n and z and we find a reentrant behavior in the plane (U/|V|,T). Finally, several thermodynamic properties are investigated near criticality.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures. EPJB Topical Issue on Novel Quantum Phases and Mesoscopic Physics in Quantum Gase

Self-Consistent Mean-Field Theory for Frustrated Josephson Junction Arrays

We review the self-consistent mean-field theory for charge-frustrated Josephson junction arrays. Using (\phi is the phase of the superconducting wavefunction) as order parameter and imposing the self-consistency condition, we compute the phase boundary line between the superconducting region ( not equal to zero) and the insulating one ( = 0). For a uniform offset charge q=e the superconducting phase increases with respect to the situation in which q=0. Here, we generalize the self-consistent mean-field theory to include the effects induced by a random distribution of offset charges and/or of diagonal self-capacitances. For most of the phase diagram, our results agree with the outcomes of Quantum Monte Carlo simulations as well as with previous studies using the path-integral approach.Comment: Presented by F. P. Mancini at the Conference "Highlights in Condensed Matter Physics", May 9-11 2003, Salerno, Ital

A Study of the Antiferromagnetic Phase in the Hubbard Model by means of the Composite Operator Method

We have investigated the antiferromagnetic phase of the 2D, the 3D and the extended Hubbard models on a bipartite cubic lattice by means of the Composite Operator Method within a two-pole approximation. This approach yields a fully self-consistent treatment of the antiferromagnetic state that respects the symmetry properties of both the model and the algebra. The complete phase diagram, as regards the antiferromagnetic and the paramagnetic phases, has been drawn. We firstly reported, within a pole approximation, three kinds of transitions at half-filling: Mott-Hubbard, Mott-Heisenberg and Heisenberg. We have also found a metal-insulator transition, driven by doping, within the antiferromagnetic phase. This latter is restricted to a very small region near half filling and has, in contrast to what has been found by similar approaches, a finite critical Coulomb interaction as lower bound at half filling. Finally, it is worth noting that our antiferromagnetic gap has two independent components: one due to the antiferromagnetic correlations and another coming from the Mott-Hubbard mechanism.Comment: 20 pages, 37 figures, RevTeX, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Metronomic Chemotherapy with Vinorelbine Produces Clinical Benefit and Low Toxicity in Frail Elderly Patients Affected by Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. The treatment choice for advanced stage of lung cancer may depend on histotype, performance status (PS), age, and comorbidities. In the present study, we focused on the effect of metronomic vinorelbine treatment in elderly patients with advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods. From January 2016 to December 2016, 44 patients affected by non-small cell lung cancer referred to our oncology day hospital were progressively analyzed. The patients were treated with oral vinorelbine 30 mg x 3/wk or 40 mg x 3/wk meaning one day on and one day off. The patients were older than 60, stage IIIB or IV, ECOG PS ≥ 1, and have at least one important comorbidity (renal, hepatic, or cardiovascular disease). The schedule was based on ECOG-PS and comorbidities. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). PFS was used to compare patients based on different scheduled dosage (30 or 40 mg x3/weekly) and age (more or less than 75 years old) as exploratory analysis. We also evaluated as secondary endpoint toxicity according to Common Toxicity Criteria Version 2.0. Results. Vinorelbine showed a good safety profile at different doses taken orally and was effective in controlling cancer progression. The median overall survival (OS) was 12 months. The disease control rate (DCR) achieved 63%. The median PFS was 9 months. A significant difference in PFS was detected comparing patients aged below with those over 75, and the HR value was 0.72 (p<0.05). Not significant was the difference between groups with different schedules. Conclusions. This study confirmed the safety profile of metronomic vinorelbine and its applicability for patients unfit for standard chemotherapies and adds the possibility of considering this type of schedule not only for very elderly patients

Invariant measures on multimode quantum Gaussian states

We derive the invariant measure on the manifold of multimode quantum Gaussian states, induced by the Haar measure on the group of Gaussian unitary transformations. To this end, by introducing a bipartition of the system in two disjoint subsystems, we use a parameterization highlighting the role of nonlocal degrees of freedom -- the symplectic eigenvalues -- which characterize quantum entanglement across the given bipartition. A finite measure is then obtained by imposing a physically motivated energy constraint. By averaging over the local degrees of freedom we finally derive the invariant distribution of the symplectic eigenvalues in some cases of particular interest for applications in quantum optics and quantum information.Comment: 17 pages, comments are welcome. v2: presentation improved and typos corrected. Close to the published versio

Reconstructing the density operator by using generalized field quadratures

The Wigner function for one and two-mode quantum systems is explicitely expressed in terms of the marginal distribution for the generic linearly transformed quadratures. Then, also the density operator of those systems is written in terms of the marginal distribution of these quadratures. Some examples to apply this formalism, and a reduction to the usual optical homodyne tomography are considered.Comment: 17 pages, Latex,accepted by Quantum and Semiclassical Optic

Motional Squashed States

We show that by using a feedback loop it is possible to reduce the fluctuations in one quadrature of the vibrational degree of freedom of a trapped ion below the quantum limit. The stationary state is not a proper squeezed state, but rather a ``squashed'' state, since the uncertainty in the orthogonal quadrature, which is larger than the standard quantum limit, is unaffected by the feedback action.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the special Issue "Quantum Correlations and Fluctuations" of J. Opt.