Calcium Signals: STIM Dynamics Mediate Spatially Unique Oscillations

SummaryReceptor-induced Ca2+ oscillations provide ‘digitized’ signals that confer precise activation of downstream targets. New studies reveal that STIM proteins — sensors of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ levels — cyclically translocate during oscillations, transiently coupling to activate cell-surface Ca2+ entry channels, resulting in a spatially unique signal that selectively triggers immediate-early gene expression

Abelian link invariants and homology

We consider the link invariants defined by the quantum Chern-Simons field theory with compact gauge group U(1) in a closed oriented 3-manifold M. The relation of the abelian link invariants with the homology group of the complement of the links is discussed. We prove that, when M is a homology sphere or when a link -in a generic manifold M- is homologically trivial, the associated observables coincide with the observables of the sphere S^3. Finally we show that the U(1) Reshetikhin-Turaev surgery invariant of the manifold M is not a function of the homology group only, nor a function of the homotopy type of M alone.Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures; to be published in Journal of Mathematical Physic

LONG TERM IMPROVEMENT OF PERFORMANCE INDEXES IN BASKETBALL PLAYERS

In the present paper measurements and tests were carried out on 12 basketball players of a D-series team, undergoing muscular strengthen, for a period of more than 2 years. The team was divided into 2 groups : the control group, composed of 5 players undergoing only team-training, and the experimental group, composed of 7 players undergoing team-training and sinusoidal electrical stimulation to increase the power in quadriceps femoris and triceps surae . In this study a sinusoidal current at the frequency of 2500 Hz has been used. A stimulation time of 10 seconds was chosen, followed by a rest period of 50 seconds to avoid a reduction of the subsequent contraction force. This stimulation procedure was applied to the subjects of the experimental group for 20 minutes per day for 15days. Four stimulation cycles of 15 days were globally performed using the 4channel electrical stimulator mod. ST-E4C.Similar anthropometric data characterised the two groups : for the experimental group the mean age was 20.1 f 1.9 years, the mean height was 187.7 f 5.0 an and the mean weight 83.8 f 6.4 Kg for the control group these values were respectively 20.8 f 2.5 years, 189.0 f 2.8 cm, 80.6 f 3.7 Kg .Before and after each stimulation cycle, at the beginning and at the end of the agonistic season several tests were performed to evaluate performance indexes :1. Abalakov test (taking the best result of three tests);2. Standing long jump (taking the best result of three tests);3.30 meters dash (taking the average time of three tests).This study has shown that a h26 months the experimental group reached increments of performance indexes twice greater than the control group. After summer, before the beginning of the agonistic season, the absolute increments for the experimental group remained higher than the control group, suggesting that the improvement of the muscular performance by means of sinusoidal electrical stimulation is maintained by a normal training and constitutes a basic resource for the following improvements

ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF THE TRICEPS SURAE FOR MUSCULAR STRENGTH IMPROVEMENT IN VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS.

INTRODUCTION Beside the studies carried out at "CentrO Scoliosi" of Istituto Ortopedico "Gaetano Pini" about idiopathic scoliosis pathogenesis (Dacquino et al., 1970) and its treatment using the electrical stimulation (Crivellini and Divieti, 1972, 1975; Crivellini et al., 1976, 1979; Divieti, 1979), an experiment was carried out to analyze the muscular strength increase, obtained by means of the same stimulation procedure for the scoliotic patients. The triceps surae muscle was chosen because of its size and accessibility. The electrical stimulation was performed on a group of subjects not involved in any sporting activity by Caiulo et al., 1980b. This study has shown that electrical stimulation increased the maximum spontaneous force (J 1.9%), the jumping index (23.7%) measured with the Abalakov method (Kots and Xvilon, 1971; Kots et al., 1971), and the maximum limb circumference (6%) measured near the belly of the stimulated muscle. Moreover this experience has shown that the stimulation of the whole gastrocnemius muscle, with well tolerable current values, causes not only the contraction of the triceps surae muscle but also the contraction of the posterior tibialis muscle, normally quite difficult to stimulate because it is deeply positioned under the soleus muscle. In this work the force of the triceps surae was transduced by means of a particular experimental device. The force of this muscle is measurable considering the action of the foot during the flexion movement. The same experiment was repeated on a group of athletes of a volleyball team in order to compare the results. It is important to note that the electrical stimulation first recruits the big superficial motor units that are the last activated in maximal voluntary contractions

Application of Technological System Based on Processes Modelling and Analysis: A Case Study in Italian Aquaculture Company

In recent years, cause of several scandals and incidents in agrifood context, consumer awareness about food product increased. That evolution of the consumer triggers new demand about transparency/accountability by the market. Food industry can face the emerging issues considering traceability principles. A traceability system could support the food companies to maneuver in the complex network of the supply chain and, simultaneously, to answer to the new consumer and market needs. In this work a theoretical approach based on business process modelling was proposed and tested in a real case study. Through an interview and using BPMN technique, the cherry cultivation process of a food companies was modelled. Each activities and actors involved in cultivation was identified in order to detect data stored in different source and format. These data could be strategical if elaborated and transmitted to different stakeholder of the supply chain

Fabrication of high-resolution strain sensors based on wafer-level vacuum packaged MEMS resonators

The paper reports on the fabrication and characterization of high-resolution strain sensors for structural materials based on Silicon On Insulator flexural resonators manufactured by polysilicon Low-Pressure Chemical Vapour Deposition vacuum packaging. The sensors present sensitivity of 164 Hz/με and strain resolution limit of 150 pε on steel for a measurement time of 315 ms, in both tensile and compressive strain regimes. The readout of the sensor is implemented with a transimpedance oscillator circuit implemented on Printed Circuit Board, in which a microcontroller-based reciprocal frequency counter is integrated. The performance of the sensors on steel are investigated for measurement bandwidths from 1.5 to 500 Hz and a comparison with conventional metal strain gauges is proposed.The contribution of Mr. Filippo Bonafè, Mr. Fabrizio Tamarri, Mr. Michele Sanmartin and Mr. Giulio Pizzochero in the clean room processing employed for the manufacturing of the MEMS sensors is acknowledged. The contribution of Dr. Michele Bellettato in sample preparation is also acknowledged.This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2016.01.00

Building a rheumatology biobank for reliable basic/translational research and precision medicine

Research biobanks are non-profit structures that collect, manipulate, store, analyze and distribute systematically organized biological samples and data for research and development purposes. Over the recent years, we have established a biobank, the Rheumatology BioBank (RheumaBank) headed by the Medicine and Rheumatology unit of the IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR) in Bologna, Italy for the purpose of collecting, processing, storing, and distributing biological samples and associated data obtained from patients suffering from inflammatory joint diseases. RheumaBank is a research biobank, and its main objective is to promote large-scale, high-quality basic, translational, and clinical research studies that can help elucidate pathogenetic mechanisms and improve personalization of treatment choice in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and other spondyloarthritides (SpA)

Post-Acute COVID-19 Joint Pain and New Onset of Rheumatic Musculoskeletal Diseases: A Systematic Review

As the number of reports of post-acute COVID-19 musculoskeletal manifestations is rapidly rising, it is important to summarize the current available literature in order to shed light on this new and not fully understood phenomenon. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to provide an updated picture of post-acute COVID-19 musculoskeletal manifestations of potential rheumatological interest, with a particular focus on joint pain, new onset of rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases and presence of autoantibodies related to inflammatory arthritis such as rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies. We included 54 original papers in our systematic review. The prevalence of arthralgia was found to range from 2% to 65% within a time frame varying from 4 weeks to 12 months after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Inflammatory arthritis was also reported with various clinical phenotypes such as symmetrical polyarthritis with RA-like pattern similar to other prototypical viral arthritis, polymyalgia-like symptoms, or acute monoarthritis and oligoarthritis of large joints resembling reactive arthritis. Moreover, high figures of post-COVID-19 patients fulfilling the classification criteria for fibromyalgia were found, ranging from 31% to 40%. Finally, the available literature about prevalence of rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies was largely inconsistent. In conclusion, manifestations of rheumatological interest such as joint pain, new-onset inflammatory arthritis and fibromyalgia are frequently reported after COVID-19, highlighting the potential role of SARS-CoV-2 as a trigger for the development of autoimmune conditions and rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases

Validation of statistical clustering on TES dataset using synthetic Martian spectra

In this work we present some results concerning the analysis of Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) data, looking at the methane Q-branch spectral signature at 1304 cm-1. Such analysis has been enabled by producing some synthetic spectral datasets, simulating the atmospheric and surface variability observed on Mars, excluding the high latitude regions. The use of synthetic spectra is aimed to provide a better comprehension of the influence that the atmospheric state vector and its composition have on the spectral behavior. This effort is important, because the TES data are characterized by a low resolution (10 cm-1) and a significant random and systematic noise which could, in principle, give results whose quality needs to be improved. We apply statistical clustering of the synthetic spectra to evaluate the effectiveness of detecting methane, and estimating its abundance