Generic Initial Ideals And Graded Artinian Level Algebras Not Having The Weak-Lefschetz Property

We find a sufficient condition that \H is not level based on a reduction number. In particular, we prove that a graded Artinian algebra of codimension 3 with Hilbert function $\H=(h_0,h_1,..., h_{d-1}>h_d=h_{d+1})$ cannot be level if $h_d\le 2d+3$, and that there exists a level O-sequence of codimension 3 of type \H for $h_d \ge 2d+k$ for $k\ge 4$. Furthermore, we show that \H is not level if $\beta_{1,d+2}(I^{\rm lex})=\beta_{2,d+2}(I^{\rm lex})$, and also prove that any codimension 3 Artinian graded algebra $A=R/I$ cannot be level if \beta_{1,d+2}(\Gin(I))=\beta_{2,d+2}(\Gin(I)). In this case, the Hilbert function of $A$ does not have to satisfy the condition $h_{d-1}>h_d=h_{d+1}$. Moreover, we show that every codimension $n$ graded Artinian level algebra having the Weak-Lefschetz Property has the strictly unimodal Hilbert function having a growth condition on $(h_{d-1}-h_{d}) \le (n-1)(h_d-h_{d+1})$ for every $d > \theta$ where $$h_0...>h_{s-1}>h_s.$$ In particular, we find that if $A$ is of codimension 3, then $(h_{d-1}-h_{d}) < 2(h_d-h_{d+1})$ for every $\theta< d <s$ and $h_{s-1}\le 3 h_s$, and prove that if $A$ is a codimension 3 Artinian algebra with an $h$-vector $(1,3,h_2,...,h_s)$ such that h_{d-1}-h_d=2(h_d-h_{d+1})>0 \quad \text{and} \quad \soc(A)_{d-1}=0 for some $r_1(A)<d<s$, then $(I_{\le d+1})$ is $(d+1)$-regular and \dim_k\soc(A)_d=h_d-h_{d+1}.Comment: 25 page

Comment on ``Solution of Classical Stochastic One-Dimensional Many-Body Systems''

In a recent Letter, Bares and Mobilia proposed the method to find solutions of the stochastic evolution operator $H=H_0 + {\gamma\over L} H_1$ with a non-trivial quartic term $H_1$. They claim, ``Because of the conservation of probability, an analog of the Wick theorem applies and all multipoint correlation functions can be computed.'' Using the Wick theorem, they expressed the density correlation functions as solutions of a closed set of integro-differential equations. In this Comment, however, we show that applicability of Wick theorem is restricted to the case $\gamma = 0$ only.Comment: 1 page, revtex style, comment on paper Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 83}, 5214 (1999

RNAase III-Type Enzyme Dicer Regulates Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidative Metabolism in Cardiac Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Cardiac mesenchymal stem cells (C-MSC) play a key role in maintaining normal cardiac function under physiological and pathological conditions. Glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation predominately account for energy production in C-MSC. Dicer, a ribonuclease III endoribonuclease, plays a critical role in the control of microRNA maturation in C-MSC, but its role in regulating C-MSC energy metabolism is largely unknown. In this study, we found that Dicer knockout led to concurrent increase in both cell proliferation and apoptosis in C-MSC compared to Dicer floxed C-MSC. We analyzed mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation by quantifying cellular oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and glycolysis by quantifying the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), in C-MSC with/without Dicer gene deletion. Dicer gene deletion significantly reduced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation while increasing glycolysis in C-MSC. Additionally, Dicer gene deletion selectively reduced the expression of β-oxidation genes without affecting the expression of genes involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or electron transport chain (ETC). Finally, Dicer gene deletion reduced the copy number of mitochondrially encoded 1,4-Dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH): ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit 6 (MT-ND6), a mitochondrial-encoded gene, in C-MSC. In conclusion, Dicer gene deletion induced a metabolic shift from oxidative metabolism to aerobic glycolysis in C-MSC, suggesting that Dicer functions as a metabolic switch in C-MSC, which in turn may regulate proliferation and environmental adaptation

RFID tags for cryogenic applications: Experimental and numerical analysis of thermo-mechanical behaviour

International audienceRFID solutions will improve the traceability of biological samples stored at low temperature (77 K) in biobanks. To achieve this goal, the reliability of RFID tags is essential. In this paper, we focus on the reliability aspect of RFID tags in harsh environment and more specifically to assembly design optimization through numerical simulations and accelerated life tests. A package-dimensioned model and a wire-interconnect centered model have been used to assess stress distribution in the package and wire bonds. We also develop a specific versatile test bench to apply thermal cycling while monitoring the functionality of the tags. We investigate three different tag configurations and demonstrate that the main failure mode is related to wire breaks. The occurrence of this failure depends mainly on the nature and thickness of the encapsulant resin which induce compressive and tensile stresses during thermal cycling. FEM results are in good agreement with observed failures

20. Jahrestagung des Kwangju-Aufstandes: Achillesferse der südkoreanischen Demokratie oder ein Mythos?

Überall ist vom neuen Jahrtausend mit rosigen Zukunftsaussichten die Rede. In Südkorea sind sie aber (noch) nicht so rosig, denn dort ist nicht einmal das Unrecht von vor 20 Jahren wieder gutgemacht. Im Jahr 2000 ist der 20. Jahrestag des Kwangju-Aufstandes vom 18. Mai 1980. In der Tat ist Kwangju längst vorbei und vergessen, außer von den Betroffenen. Für die Frage der substanziellen und nicht allein formalen Demokratie sind aber Kwangju und der damit verbundene Regionalismus immer noch aktuell