Pharmacological Correction of Neurological Disorders in Case of Multiple Sclerosis

The article analyzes the possibility of drug correction of common neurological disorders (pain, anxiety, depression, insomnia) using antidepressants under the conditions of experimental equivalent of multiple sclerosis on the background of basic drug therapy with methylprednisolone.Assessment of antidepressants antinociceptive potential identified “a range of activity” of the mentioned medicines (analgesic activity of classical amitriptyline antidepressant was accepted as conventional unit): paroxetine (0.9 c.u.), amitriptyline (1 c.u.), fluoxetine (1.11 c.u.) and trittico (1.16 c.u.).Comparative analysis of the duration of animals’ fading in the water at the forced swimming (Porsolt forced swimming test) found that the ability to weaken the level of anxiety and concern was the most significant for trittico and paroxetine groups. Immobilization time was 1.7 (p£0.05) and 1.6 (p£0.05), respectively, which was shorter than the corresponding figures of the active control group. The effect of antidepressants on latency, sleep duration when administered on a background of basic drug therapy with methylprednisolone was characterized by the following indicators: trittico (-66.5% and + 133.45%)³fluoxetine (-60.5% and + 117.79%)³paroxetine (-61.8% and + 93.59%)³amitriptyline (-52.75% and + 81.85%).Thus, trittico and paroxetine were reasonable to administer under the experimental equivalent of multiple sclerosis taking into account the basic hormonal therapy as a means of drug correction of pain, anxiety, depression and sleep disorders

Synergy of piracetam and aminalon in the cerebroprotective effect of olatropyl.

Optimization of pharmacotherapy of neurological and psychosomatic diseases led to the creation of com­bined medicines containing two or more components with different mechanisms of action, differently affecting the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of specific forms of pathology. Combined drugs that help normalize the central regulatory mechanisms of the development of somatic pathology, improve brain metabolism and hemodynamics, stabilize the cortical-subcortical relationships, the disorders of which lie at the base of many forms of neurological and psychosomatic pathology have been particularly popular in recent years. In this article we propose options for opti­mizing nootropic therapy with olatropyl, which is a combination of two "true" nootropics - gamma-aminobutyric acid (aminalone) and piracetam in one drug form. Such a combination allows one-stage implementation of a complex of multifaceted and diverse effects on the central nervous system characteristic of both piracetam and aminalone, but achieved through fundamentally different mechanisms of action of these agents. The mechanism of action of olatropil demonstrates the pronounced synergism of the monocomponents of the preparation. This combination allows to reduce the therapeutic dosages of each of the active substances by 2 times, which, in turn, leads to a decrease in the incidence and severity of possible side effects; leveling the exciting effect of piracetam and providing higher safety and efficacy. The drug is an effective tool for the therapy of various forms of cerebrovascular pathology, improving cognitive functions, mental activity, psychoemotional status, autonomic functions, favorably affecting the quality of life of patients. The uniqueness of the mechanism of action of olatropil, consisting in the occurrence of the fact of pharmacodynamic synergy in the combined use of piracetam and aminalone in a single dosage form, contributes to the enhancement of positive pharmacological effects and the leveling of a number of negative elements of pharmacodynamics of preparation constituents

Synergy of piracetam and aminalon in the cerebroprotective effect of olatropyl.

Optimization of pharmacotherapy of neurological and psychosomatic diseases led to the creation of com­bined medicines containing two or more components with different mechanisms of action, differently affecting the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of specific forms of pathology. Combined drugs that help normalize the central regulatory mechanisms of the development of somatic pathology, improve brain metabolism and hemodynamics, stabilize the cortical-subcortical relationships, the disorders of which lie at the base of many forms of neurological and psychosomatic pathology have been particularly popular in recent years. In this article we propose options for opti­mizing nootropic therapy with olatropyl, which is a combination of two "true" nootropics - gamma-aminobutyric acid (aminalone) and piracetam in one drug form. Such a combination allows one-stage implementation of a complex of multifaceted and diverse effects on the central nervous system characteristic of both piracetam and aminalone, but achieved through fundamentally different mechanisms of action of these agents. The mechanism of action of olatropil demonstrates the pronounced synergism of the monocomponents of the preparation. This combination allows to reduce the therapeutic dosages of each of the active substances by 2 times, which, in turn, leads to a decrease in the incidence and severity of possible side effects; leveling the exciting effect of piracetam and providing higher safety and efficacy. The drug is an effective tool for the therapy of various forms of cerebrovascular pathology, improving cognitive functions, mental activity, psychoemotional status, autonomic functions, favorably affecting the quality of life of patients. The uniqueness of the mechanism of action of olatropil, consisting in the occurrence of the fact of pharmacodynamic synergy in the combined use of piracetam and aminalone in a single dosage form, contributes to the enhancement of positive pharmacological effects and the leveling of a number of negative elements of pharmacodynamics of preparation constituents

Формування гербарію Уманського національного університету садівництва (UM)

The article deals with the history and the present of the formation of the Scientific Herbarium of Uman National University of Horticulture (UM). The constituents of its collection have historical, scientific and educational characteristics. Herb collection of Yosyp Konradovych Pachosky, a student of the Uman School of Agriculture and Horticulture, which was collected in the outskirts of the town of Uman and greenhouses, is isolated from the composition of the historical nominal collection. Formation of the dendrological herbarium was made by the Main Gardener of the Tsarina Garden (now the National Dendrological Park "Sofiyivka" of the NAS of Ukraine) Yulius Robertovych Lansky and Nikitsky Botanical Garden, Crimea. The results of the study of the Herbarium Florae Rossicae (1897-1907) exiccates of the historical herbarium of the Uman School of Agriculture and Horticulture which are stored in the scientific herbarium of the Uman National University of Horticulture are presented. It is found that collection of exsiccates has 1948 herbarium samples obtained by exchange with the botanical branch of the St. Petersburg Society of Naturalists. The quantitative composition of the exiccates of individual collectors of Herbarium Florae Rossicae was analyzed and the presence of herbarium collections by pupils of the school I. Andrievsky, V. Bykhatsky, P. Herasymchuk, I. Horbach, F. Zamorsky, V. Kazuta, S. Rudenko in 1899 in the outskirts of Uman was found. The memorial collections of botany teachers formed different milestone in the history of the course of teaching botany, decorative dendrology, forestry and others are characterized. A memorial collection of Associate Professor V. A. Havryliuk was collected during the research of plants in the student years (the Carpathians), postgraduate studies (Leningrad), research work (Chukotka and Kamchatka Peninsula) was worked out. The authors pointed out his careful attitude to valuable historical collections during his time in charge of the Department of Botany. Creation of educational collections of Algae, Lichénophyta, Bryophyta, Equitysetophyta, Lycopodiiophyta, Pteridophyta as demonstration material at laboratory and practical classes, isolation of modern student herbarium in the study of regions of Ukraine and field expeditions by teachers are considered in the article. The work of the herbarium today and achievements in the future are substantiated.Висвітлено історію формування Наукового гербарію Уманського національного університету садівництва (UM) та сьогодення. Складові його колекції мають історичну, наукову і навчальну характеристику. Зі складу історичної іменної колекції виділено гербарні збори учня Уманського училища землеробства і садівництва – Йосипа Конрадовича Пачоського, які було зібрано в околицях міста Умані, оранжереях. Формування дендрологічного гербарію здійснив головний садівник Царициного саду (нині – Національний денрологічний парк "Софіївка" НАН України) Юліус Робертович Ланцький і Нікітського ботанічного саду, Крим. Наведено результати опрацювання ексикат Herbarium Florae Rossicae (1897-1907 рр.) історичного гербарію Уманського училища землеробства і садівництва, які зберігаються у науковому гербарії Уманського національного університету садівництва. Встановлено, що колекція ексикат нараховує 1948 гербарних зразків, отриманих шляхом обміну з ботанічним відділенням Санкт-Петербурзького товариства природодослідників. Проаналізовано кількісний склад ексикат окремих колекторів Herbarium Florae Rossicae та виявлено наявність гербарних зборів учнями училища І. Андрієвського, В. Бихацького, П. Герасимчук, І. Горбач, Ф. Заморського, В. Казута, С. Руденко в 1899 р. в околицях Умані. Охарактеризовано меморіальні колекції викладачів ботаніки, які сформовані у різні віхи історії під час викладання курсу ботаніки, декоративної дендрології, лісівництва та ін. Опрацьовано меморіальну колекцію доцента В. А. Гаврилюка, зібрану під час проведення досліджень рослин у студентські роки (Карпати), навчання в аспірантурі (Ленінград), виконання науково-дослідницької роботи (півострови Чукотка та Камчатка). Автори наголосили на його бережливому ставленні до цінних історичних колекцій у часи його завідування кафедри ботаніки. У цьому дослідженні розглянуто створення навчальних колекцій Algae, Lichеnophyta, Bryophyta, Equіsetophyta, Lycopodiоphyta, Pteridophyta, як демонстраційний матеріал на лабораторно-практичних заняттях, виокремлення сучасних студентських гербаріїв у дослідженні регіонів України та виїзних експедицій викладачами. Обґрунтовано роботу гербарію сьогодні та досягнення в майбутньому

Ornithogalum boucheanum (Asparagaceae) in Eastern Europe: Native and synanthropic range, habitat conditions and state of population

The geographical distribution, ecological and coenotic features of the place of growth and age structure of Ornithogalum boucheanum populations in Ukraine have been studied. In total, during the entire period of floristic research in Ukraine, 263 native sites of this species were recorded in 13 administrative regions (oblasts). Mostly these sites are concentrated in the Steppe zone, where the main part of the Eastern European fragment of the general natural range of O. boucheanum is represented. For other regions of Ukraine isolated reports of the species are known. It is noted that in addition to reduction in the number of natural habitats of O. boucheanum within the Forest-Steppe and in the southern part of Ukraine Polissya, a secondary adventive natural habitat of the species is formed, where it is part of the immigration group of foreign taxa. It was found that the natural habitats of O. boucheanum are characterized by a certain stenotopy, as the species needs some moisture and is more common in valley and balka landscapes most often in large river basins, which are not prone to drying out and can be favourable ecological corridors for long-distance migration. Favourable conditions for O. boucheanum habitats exist in floodplain and riparian forests, which have sufficient moisture, little competition from other species of grass and a sufficient amount of light in the spring. In addition, O. boucheanum can successfully master artificial and synanthropic groups of tree species, in particular being widespread in the Forest-Steppe and Steppe Robinia plantations. It was found that populations of O. boucheanum in Ukraine have different numbers: with an area of 4–6 hectares, in which there are tens and hundreds of thousands of individuals, to small populations on the northern border of distribution, in Kirovohrad and Kharkiv oblasts, which have a of young invasive character. It is possible that modern conditions have been favourable for the spread of O. boucheanum in the transition zone between the Forest-Steppe and Steppe, and that the process of forming new populations of O. boucheanum is taking place here

Place of tiotriazoline in the gallery of modern metabolitotropic medicines

We want to show pharmacological characterization of Tiotriazoline, based on results of tentative analysis and clinical research, also features of its therapeutic action and advantage over another metabolitotropic cardio protectors. As a result of the literary sources analysis, we found out that the team of scientists led by professor I. A. Mazur had developed and created qualitatively new innovative medicine of cation-anionic action, namely Thiotriazolin, which is based on 1,2,4-triazole molecule and was selected among more than 1000 compounds. This drug is the first representative of the class of metabolitotropic cyto- and cardioprotectors and it exhibits anti-ischemic, cardioprotective, antioxidant, energotropic, membrane-protective and immunomodulating properties and is widely used to treat diseases of the cardiovascular system and eye diseases. The mechanism of action of Thiotriazolin is to increase the expression of antioxidant enzymes, reduce the concentration of free radicals, activate a compensatory malate-aspartate shunt of energy production, normalize the work of the Krebs cycle, and initiate Red / Oxi-dependent expression of transcription factors in ischemia. Using the example of pharmacodynamics and clinical efficacy of Thiotriazoline, the modern concept of metabolitotropic cardioprotection was further developed. Thiotriazolin belongs to V class of toxicity (practically non-toxic substances). Thiotriazolin reduces the number and duration of ischemia episodes, cardiac arrhythmias, increases tolerance to physical activity, and also improves the quality and lifetime (assessed using the Minnesota questionnaire and Nottingham health profile) of patients with cardiovascular pathology (stable angina, myocardial infarction, post infarction myocardial remodeling, chronic heart failure, arrhythmias). We can add that application of Tiotriazolin have social value because it leads to the decrease in mortality and disability of patients with pathology of the cardiovascular system, also decrease in blindness after injury, eye burns, cataracts. The economic efficiency from the Thiotriazolin use is also indicated by reducing the time spent by patients with pathology of the cardiovascular system in the hospital, as a result reducing the state's expenses for the treatment and rehabilitation of this category of patients; also by increase the efficiency of persons whose activities are associated with increased load on the visual analyze

КАРДИОПРОТЕКЦИЯ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ ОСТРЫМ ИНФАРКТОМ МИОКАРДА С ПОДЪЕМОМ СЕГМЕНТА ST

Aim To evaluate cardioprotective effects of combined intracoronary phosphocreatine and succinic acid administration after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST elevation acute coronary syndrome who were present within 12 hours of symptom onset.Methods Seven patients with STEMI presenting within 12 hours of onset of symptoms and thrombotic occlusion of the left anterior descending artery were included in the study. Evaluation of efficiency and safety was performed with the recording of major adverse cardiac events, evaluation of the procedure success, and the rate of composite endpoints.Results Six (85.7%) patients after primary PCI showed TIMI grade 3 flow on control coronary angiography. None complications had been reported after intracoronary administration of phosphocreatine and succinic acid. Acquired left ventricular aneurysms were found in two patients in the in-hospital period. One patient was readmitted with acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation. Coronary angiography reported restenosis of the previously implanted stent. No definite increase in the left ventricular ejection fraction had been found in the in-hospital and long-term period.Conclusion There were no evidences on definite increase in myocardial contractility. The obtained results might partially be explained by the median symptom-to-balloon time over 400 minutes.Цель Изучить эффективность сочетанного введения кардиопротекторов экзогенного фосфокреатина и янтарной кислоты после первичного чрескожного коронарного вмешательства (ЧКВ) у пациентов острым коронарным синдромом с подъемом сегмента ST (ОКСпST) давность до 12 часов.Материалы и методы В анализ включено 7 пациентов с диагнозом ОКСпST давностью до 12 часов с тромботической окклюзией передней нисходящей артерией. Оценка эффективности и безопасности проводилась на основании оценки серьезных неблагоприятных кардиоваскулярных событий, успеха процедуры, комбинированных конченых точек.Результаты Скорость кровотока TIMI 3 отмечена у 6 (85,7%) пациентов после первичного ЧКВ на контрольной коронарографии. При интракоронарном введении кардиопротекторов осложнений не отмечено. Во время госпитализации у двоих пациентов отмечается формирование аневризмы левого желудочка. Через 8 месяцев один пациент поступил повторно с диагнозом острый коронарный синдром без подъема сегмента ST, на коронарографии выявлен рестеноз ранее имплантированного стента. В госпитальном и отдаленном периоде не получен явный прирост фракции выброса левого желудочка.Заключение В исследовании, оценивающем эффективность кардиопротекторов, мы не получили явного прироста сократительной способности миокарда. Возможно, это обусловлено средним временем симптом-баллон более 400 минут

МЕХАНИЧЕСКАЯ ФУНКЦИЯ ЛЕВОГО ПРЕДСЕРДИЯ И ЕЕ НАРУШЕНИЯ ПОСЛЕ АНТРАЛЬНОЙ ИЗОЛЯЦИИ ЛЕГОЧНЫХ ВЕН

The article presents new insights into the left atrial mechanical function, its main components and remodeling mechanisms after pulmonary vein antrum isolation. Left atrium is a cardiac chamber that transports blood. Being a complex «organ» both in anatomical and functional terms, it responds to hemodynamic derangements, the impact of humoral and vegetative factors. Structural, mechanical and electrical remodeling of the left atrium play a key role in the arrhythmogenesis of atrial fibrillation, as well as in the mechanism of arrhythmia maintenance. Left atrial mechanical dysfunction following catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation significantly affects intracardiac hemodynamics, worsens patients' well-being, and increases the risk of thromboembolic complications both in the immediate and long-term postoperative period.В статье изложены современные представления о механической функции левого предсердия (ЛП), ее компонентах и механизмах ремоделирования после процедуры антральной изоляции легочных вен. ЛП – это сердечная камера, которая выполняет не только транспортную функцию, но, являясь «органом» сложным как в анатомическом, так и в функциональном плане, активно реагирует на изменение гемодинамических условий, влияние гуморальных и вегетативных факторов. Структурное, механическое и электрическое ремоделирование ЛП играют большую роль в аритмогенезе фибрилляции предсердий, а также в механизме поддержания аритмии. Механическая дисфункция ЛП, развивающаяся после катетерной аблации фибрилляции предсердий, оказывает существенное влияние на внутрисердечную гемодинамику, ухудшает самочувствие пациентов, а также увеличивает риск тромбоэмболических осложнений как в ближайшем, так и в отдаленном послеоперационном периодах

ЗАВИСИМОСТЬ МЕЖДУ НАГРУЗКОЙ НА ЛЕВОЕ ПРЕДСЕРДИЕ И ЕГО СОКРАТИМОСТЬЮ У ЧЕЛОВЕКА IN VIVO

Рurpose. The purpose of the study was to elicit the relationship between the left atrial load and its contractility.Materials and methods. 33 patients, 56,9±6,7 y. o., were enrolled in the study. All of them underwent echocardiography due to different clinical indications. The Doppler spectrum of transmitral and pulmonary vein flow, left atrial dimensions and volumes were estimated.Results. The relationship between the volume and pressure load, and contractility were established. This supports the hypothesis of the Frank-Starling law validity for the human left atrium in vivo.Conclusion. In the human heart in vivo there is an inverse exponential relationship between the left atrial volume load and its contractility, as well as a positive linear relationship between the pressure load and contractility.Цель. Выявить зависимость между нагрузкой на левое предсердие и его сократимостью.Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 33 пациента с различной нозологией в возрасте 56,9 ± 6,7 года, которым по различным клиническим показаниям выполнялась эхокардиография с оценкой спектральных показателей трансмитрального кровотока, кровотока в легочных венах, размеров и объемов левого предсердия.Результаты. Установлены связи между показателями, характеризующими сократимость ЛП и нагрузку его объемом или давлением, подтверждающие гипотезу о справедливости механизма Франка – Старлинга для левого предсердия.Вывод. В сердце человека in vivo имеется обратная экспоненциальная зависимость между нагрузкой ЛП объемом и его активной сократимостью, а также положительная линейная зависимость между нагрузкой давлением и сократимостью