Tyrosine-Phosphorylated Caveolin-1 Blocks Bacterial Uptake by Inducing Vav2-RhoA-Mediated Cytoskeletal Rearrangements

During the early stages of infection, Neisseria gonorrhoeae triggers a phosphotyrosine-dependent Cav1-Vav2-RhoA signaling cascade that promotes the pathogen's extracellular state

Correction: Pathological Impact of Hepatitis B Virus Surface Proteins on the Liver Is Associated with the Host Genetic Background

<p>Correction: Pathological Impact of Hepatitis B Virus Surface Proteins on the Liver Is Associated with the Host Genetic Background</p

Activation of tumorigenic pathways in hepatocytes of HBV transgenic mice.

<p>Western blot analysis of total protein lysates from the liver of 12-, 26-, and 52-week-old mice was performed using (A) anti-Jun, (B) anti-phospho-SAPK/JNK, (C), anti-phospho-c-Jun and (D) anti-phospho-STAT3 antibodies. Samples were loaded as described in the legend of <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0090608#pone-0090608-g001" target="_blank">Fig. 1</a>. Equal protein loading was confirmed with anti-β-actin (A, B and C) and anti-STAT3 (D) antibodies.</p

HBs proteins-induced liver injury depends on host genetic background.

<p>(A) Assessment of liver damage in wild-type and HBV transgenic mice. ALT was measured in serum of 12-, 26-, and 52-week-old mice (mean±SEM, n = 5–10). (B-D) Western blot analysis of total protein lysates from the liver of 12-, 26-, and 52-week-old mice was performed using (B) anti-CHOP/GADD153, (C) anti-phospho-PERK, and (D) anti-phospho-eIF2α (Ser51) antibodies. Equal protein loading was confirmed with anti-PERK (B), anti-eIF2α (C), and anti-β-actin (D) antibodies. <b>1</b> – female BALB/c; <b>2,3</b> – female HBVTg/c; <b>4</b> – male BALB/c; <b>5, 6</b> – male HBVTg/c; <b>7</b> – female C57BL/6; <b>8, 9</b> – female HBVTg/6; <b>10</b> – male C57BL/6; <b>11, 12</b> – male HBVTg/6 mice.</p

Fibrogenesis in the liver of HBV transgenic mice.

<p>(A) Entire collagen was assessed by measurement of hydroxyproline (HYP) in murine liver (mean±SEM, n = 5–10). (B) Activation of hepatic stellate cells in HBV transgenic mice. Paraffin-embedded liver sections of 26-week-old HBVTg/c mice were analysed using anti-GFAP (left panel) and anti-Desmin (right panel) antibodies. Inserts - immunohistochemical analysis of the liver from wild-type BALB/c mouse. 100× - original magnification 100×, bar  = 200 µm. 200× – original magnification 200×, bar  = 200 µm.</p

Expression of CHOP/GADD153 and BiP/GRP78 in the liver of HBV transgenic mice.

<p>Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded liver sections from 12-, 26-, and 52-week-old mice was performed using specific anti-CHOP/GADD153 (A) and anti-BiP (B) antibodies. 100x-original magnification 100×, bar  = 200 µm. 200-original magnification 200×, bar = 100 µm. <b>*</b>-central vein. <b>#</b>-periportal vein.</p