10 research outputs found
On the identification of quasiprimary scaling operators in local scale-invariance
The relationship between physical observables defined in lattice models and
the associated (quasi-)primary scaling operators of the underlying field-theory
is revisited. In the context of local scale-invariance, we argue that this
relationship is only defined up to a time-dependent amplitude and derive the
corresponding generalizations of predictions for two-time response and
correlation functions. Applications to non-equilibrium critical dynamics of
several systems, with a fully disordered initial state and vanishing initial
magnetization, including the Glauber-Ising model, the Frederikson-Andersen
model and the Ising spin glass are discussed. The critical contact process and
the parity-conserving non-equilibrium kinetic Ising model are also considered.Comment: 12 pages, Latex2e with IOP macros, 2 figures included; final for
Ageing in the critical contact process: a Monte Carlo study
The long-time dynamics of the critical contact process which is brought
suddenly out of an uncorrelated initial state undergoes ageing in close analogy
with quenched magnetic systems. In particular, we show through Monte Carlo
simulations in one and two dimensions and through mean-field theory that
time-translation invariance is broken and that dynamical scaling holds. We find
that the autocorrelation and autoresponse exponents lambda_{Gamma} and lambda_R
are equal but, in contrast to systems relaxing to equilibrium, the ageing
exponents a and b are distinct. A recent proposal to define a non-equilibrium
temperature through the short-time limit of the fluctuation-dissipation ratio
is therefore not applicable.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures, Latex2e with IOP macros; final for
The non-equilibrium phase transition of the pair-contact process with diffusion
The pair-contact process 2A->3A, 2A->0 with diffusion of individual particles
is a simple branching-annihilation processes which exhibits a phase transition
from an active into an absorbing phase with an unusual type of critical
behaviour which had not been seen before. Although the model has attracted
considerable interest during the past few years it is not yet clear how its
critical behaviour can be characterized and to what extent the diffusive
pair-contact process represents an independent universality class. Recent
research is reviewed and some standing open questions are outlined.Comment: Latexe2e, 53 pp, with IOP macros, some details adde
Universal finite-size scaling amplitudes in anisotropic scaling
Phenomenological scaling arguments suggest the existence of universal
amplitudes in the finite-size scaling of certain correlation lengths in
strongly anisotropic or dynamical phase transitions. For equilibrium systems,
provided that translation invariance and hyperscaling are valid, the
Privman-Fisher scaling form of isotropic equilibrium phase transitions is
readily generalized. For non-equilibrium systems, universality is shown
analytically for directed percolation and is tested numerically in the
annihilation-coagulation model and in the pair contact process with diffusion.
In these models, for both periodic and free boundary conditions, the
universality of the finite-size scaling amplitude of the leading relaxation
time is checked. Amplitude universality reveals strong transient effects along
the active-inactive transition line in the pair contact process.Comment: 16 pages, Latex, 2 figures, final version, to appear in J. Phys.
Ageing, dynamical scaling and its extensions in many-particle systems without detailed balance
Recent studies on the phenomenology of ageing in certain many-particle
systems which are at a critical point of their non-equilibrium steady-states,
are reviewed. Examples include the contact process, the parity-conserving
branching-annihilating random walk, two exactly solvable particle-reaction
models and kinetic growth models. While the generic scaling descriptions known
from magnetic system can be taken over, some of the scaling relations between
the ageing exponents are no longer valid. In particular, there is no obvious
generalization of the universal limit fluctuation-dissipation ratio. The form
of the scaling function of the two-time response function is compared with the
prediction of the theory of local scale-invariance.Comment: Latex2e with IOP macros, 32 pages; extended discussion on contact
process and new section on kinetic growth processe
Religious intolerance and Euroscepticism
Research on Euroscepticism focuses increasingly on the role of group identities: national identities and attitudes towards multiculturalism. Yet hardly any attention has been paid to the way in which religious intolerance shapes Euroscepticism. We argue that religious intolerance influences not only diffuse Euroscepticism, but also more specifically opposition to enlargement of the European Union with Turkey. To examine the relationship between religious intolerance and Euroscepticism, this article analyses unique data from two representative surveys conducted in Ireland and the Netherlands. Our findings show that religious intolerance is indeed a powerful determinant of attitudes towards the European Union and that it particularly shapes people's attitudes towards future Turkish enlargement. This study therefore contributes to the literature by demonstrating that social identities are strong determinants of Euroscepticism.EU enlargement; Euroscepticism; prejudices; religion; religious intolerance; Turkey
Religious intolerance and Euroscepticism
Research on Euroscepticism focuses increasingly on the role of group identities: national identities and attitudes towards multiculturalism. Yet hardly any attention has been paid to the way in which religious intolerance shapes Euroscepticism. We argue that religious intolerance influences not only diffuse Euroscepticism, but also more specifically opposition to enlargement of the European Union with Turkey. To examine the relationship between religious intolerance and Euroscepticism, this article analyses unique data from two representative surveys conducted in Ireland and the Netherlands. Our findings show that religious intolerance is indeed a powerful determinant of attitudes towards the European Union and that it particularly shapes people’s attitudes towards future Turkish enlargement. This study therefore contributes to the literature by demonstrating that social identities are strong determinants of Euroscepticism