More sinned against that sinning: the fabrications of pre-code cinema

Melbourn

‘O’ jak obrzydliwe. Kultura amerykańska i angielska krytyka

Publikacja została sfinansowana ze środków Narodowego Programu Rozwoju Humanistyki w ramach projektu nr 12H 11 0004 8

The public enemy

Melbourne, VI

Cinema, audiences and modernity: new perspectives on European cinema history

Cinema, Audiences and Modernity is part of a ‘new cinema history’ movement within film and screen studies. This movement aims to look beyond the understanding of cinema’s history as concerned only with films and their production, and instead concentrate on the social experience of cinema. It has as its aim a rewriting of cinema history ‘from below’ – from the perspectives of its audiences. This collection sheds new light on the cinema and modernity debate by confronting established theories of the role of the modern cinematic experience with new empirical work on the social experience of cinemagoing, film audiences and film exhibition in Europe. The case studies also provide a ‘how to’ compendium of current methodologies for researchers and students working on film and media audiences, film and media experiences, and historical reception. The contributions to this book reflect on the very different ways in which cinema has been accepted, rejected or disciplined as an agent of modernity in neighbouring parts of Europe, and on how cinemagoing has been promoted and regulated as a popular social practice at different times in twentieth-century European history

Computational Studies of a Novel Magnetically Driven Single-Use-Technology Bioreactor::A Comparison of Mass Transfer Models

This work applies computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling to a novel 1000 L design of single-use-technology (SUT) bioreactor, with a magnetically driven floor-mounted impeller and spargers distributed across the tank floor. A two-phase Euler-Euler model using the k-ε turbulence model and population balance is presented alongside the use of immersed solid method for modelling the impeller motion. This work also provides the first CFD analysis of a large-scale SUT bioreactor, identifying key flow characteristics of the non-standard design at different operating conditions. Five models for the mass transfer coefficient, k L, are compared, with k La values compared to experimental measurements. The slip velocity model is found to be the best prediction of the mass transfer coefficient for this SUT system. Separating the influence of the mass transfer coefficient and specific area,a shows that the latter is the dominant driving force behind changes in k La that occur at different operating conditions. Comparing the present work to previous studies for traditional stirred tanks highlights the need for understanding the hydrodynamics of non-standard reactor designs when identifying suitable mass transfer models in gas-liquid flow systems. </p

Filter characterisations of the extendibility of continuous functions.

Masters Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg.Abstract available in PDF

Mapping the movies: the Australian cinemas map

As part of our current ARC project ‘Mapping the Movies’, Dr. Mike Walsh and I are developing a geodatabase of Australian cinemas, covering the period from 1948 to 1971 and based on a consistent dataset found in the trade journal Film Weekly, providing basic information on the ownership, location, and capacity of approximately 4,000 venues. A principal purpose of the database is to provide an opportunity for crowdsourcing information about the venues from other material available on the web and from the interested public. We expect to engage the interest of organisations devoted to the history and preservation of cinemas and of school teachers developing local history projects under the national curriculum. The information gathered will include details of screening programs, photographs, and digitised newspaper reports. Funded by an eResearchSA Summer Scholarship, we are developing a set of templates for collection of crowdsourcing data and extend the website to manage and use the additional information. A broader aim of the project is to develop a generic open source geodatabase for use by Digital Humanities researchers who want to map relatively small scale datasets. The system is focused around a database structure that supports the definition of objects with metadata, allowing additional objects to be added to the system without the need to significantly change the underlying database structure. The system is focused on easy implementation and management, needing high-level IT skills for only brief periods in the establishment of a project, to define objects in the database and in the programming code, and customise the user interface to meet their specific needs. The paper will describe the evolution of the research project and demonstrate the website.Australian Academy of the Humanities; the ANU College of Arts and Social Science

CFD Modelling and Validation of Mixing in a Model Single-Use-Technology Bioreactor

Single-use-technologies (SUT) are a category of disposable bioprocessing components which have increased in popularity in the biopharmaceutical industry in recent years [1]. Stirred single use bioreactors use a polymeric bag supported by a rigid metal frame. The bag is disposed of and replaced after use, removing the need for energy-intensive and time consuming cleaning and sterilisation in place, as well as improving the flexibility of the production facility [2]. They are currently applied mainly to the production of vaccines by mammalian cell cultures [3] due to the low shear and oxygen requirements when compared to industrial fermentation processes. This work is part of a PhD project which aims to produce a validated CFD model of multiphase gas-liquid mixing in a cubic SUT bioreactor. This geometry is preferred due to the high bag integrity and simplicity over existing cylindrical SUT bioreactors. A magnetically-driven floor mounted impeller is also included in order to further simplify the geometry and allow for the close stacking of multiple bags. Multiphase modelling in a 1 m3 vessel has been performed using the commercial software ANSYS CFX at a range of stirrer speeds and gas flow-rates in an attempt to optimise conditions in the reactor for oxygen mass transfer. Turbulence is modelled using the k-ε model, with impeller motion modelled using the multiple reference frame method. Five different models for the mass transfer coefficient, kL¬, which are suitable for calculation from CFD derived parameters such as turbulent eddy dissipation and superficial gas velocity, are compared. An optimum stirrer speed of 400 RPM was identified, above which the mass transfer - characterised by kL¬¬¬a values - is not improved despite the additional power input. A proposed 200 L variation of this cubic design was also investigated, showing significantly improved gas mass transfer.Validation of the models is performed in a separate lab-scale cubic glass tank, with point velocity measurements taken using two-dimensional Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA). These measurements are combined to create profiles within the vessel which are compared to a CFD model of the same geometry. Three impeller types are used for the validation experiments; a six-bladed Rushton impeller, a four-bladed radial impeller and a four-bladed axial impeller. Validation experiments are currently performed in single-phase, however the process will be expanded to cover multiphase gas-liquid systems including both liquid-phase velocity and bubble size distribution measurements. A good agreement is observed between the modelled and experimental profiles in-line with the impeller, in particular the swirling flow patterns characterised by the tangential velocity. [1] A. G. Lopes, “Single-use in the biopharmaceutical industry: A review of current technology impact, challenges and limitations,” Food Bioprod. Process., vol. 93, pp. 98–114, 2015.[2] R. Brecht, “Disposable Bioreactors: Maturation into Pharmaceutical Glycoprotein Manufacturing,” in Disopsable Bioreactors, R. Eibl and D. Eibl, Eds. Heidelberg: Springer, 2009, pp. 1–32.[3] R. Eibl, S. Kaiser, R. Lombriser, and D. Eibl, “Disposable bioreactors: The current state-of-the-art and recommended applications in biotechnology,” Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., vol. 86, no. 1, pp. 41–49, 2010.<br/