Descriptions of the setae on the pereiopods of scyllarid lobsters, Scyllarides aequinoctialis, S. latus, and S. nodifer, with observations on the feeding sequence during consumption of bivalves and gastropods

The morphological and behavioral aspects of slipper lobster feeding have remained largely unexplored. Using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the gross morphological structure of all segments of the pereiopods were described for three species of scyllarid lobsters: Scyllarides aequinoctialis, S. latus, and S. nodifer. Five types of setae within three broad categories were found: simple (long and miniature), cuspidate (robust and conate), and teasel (a type of serrulate setae). Setae were arranged in a highly organized, row-like pattern on the ventral and dorsal surfaces. Cuspidate setae were found on all surfaces of all segments. Simple setae were found only on the dactyl, whereas teazel setae were concentrated on the lateral-most edge of the alate carina on the merus in S. aequinoctialis only. Comparisons among species demonstrate that S. nodifer bears the same setae and setal pattern as S. latus, but S. aequinoctialis differs. The setal patterns of slipper lobsters contrast with those of nephropid and palinurid lobsters, likely due to the more rigorous use of the pereiopods in accessing their food. Feeding sequences of S. aequinoctialis on bivalves were videotaped, analyzed as Markovian chains, and showed a complex suite of behaviors involving contact chemoreception by the antennules as part of an initial assessment of food items, followed by mouthpart and leg probing, and eventual wedging behavior as previously described for S. squammosus. Feeding sequences of S. latus on gastropods and bivalves also demonstrate extensive use of the pereiopods (instead of the mouthparts) first to pry these prey items from the substrate and then to remove the foot. Use of antennules for food assessment and recruitment of many of the perieopods for food handling with minimal use of mouthparts also contrasts with the feeding sequences typical of nephropid and palinurid lobsters and may be an important adaptation

Much to do about identity: Successful women in science reflect on their school years

This study presents the recollections of 12 successful women in science duringtheir school years before postsecondary education. The participants shareddetailed descriptions of their science experiences through three semi-structured interviews. An identity works conceptual framework consisting offigured worlds, positioning, and agency constructs to portray the complexdynamics of their experiences was used to analyze the data. The following fourthemes emerged from the data analysis: participants had an early interest inmathematics and science; they were“stubbornly”persistent in science-figuredworlds; they engaged in science-figured worlds beyond school; and they posi-tioned themselves as science leaders. These findings add to the evolution of sci-ence identity development theoretical models because they are from anondeficit perspective. Participants engaged in identity work that advancedtheir science identities despite the gender biases in science-figured worlds.From a practical stance, girls and women could employ the agentic and posi-tive positioning identity work that the findings show to develop their scienceidentity in educational contexts. Science educators and researchers are encour-aged to structure figured worlds where girls feel empowered to enact identitywork to build strong science identities

Microwave Spectroscopy

Contains research objectives.Joint Services Electronics Programs (U. S. Army, U. S. Navy, and U. S. Air Force) under Contract DA 36-039-AMC-03200(E

Microwave Spectroscopy

Contains research objectives

Microwave Spectroscopy

Contains research objectives.U. S. Army Signal Corps under Contract DA36-039-sc-87376Lincoln Laboratory, Purchase Order DDL B-00368U. S. ArmyU. S. NavyU. S. Air Force under Air Force Contract AF19(604)-740

Microwave Spectroscopy

Contains research objectives, summary of research and report on work completed.Joint Services Electronics Programs (U. S. Army, U. S. Navy, and U. S. Air Force) under Contract DA 28-043-AMC-02536(E

Microwave Spectroscopy

Contains research objectives.U. S. Army Signal Corps under Contract DA36-039-sc-87376Lincoln Laboratory, Purchase Order DDL B-00368U. S. ArmyU. S. NavyU. S. Air Force under Air Force Contract AF19(604)-740