Kinetic analysis of the reduction of zinc and iron oxides from dust and slurry

The reduction of zinc and iron oxides from blast-furnace slurry and gas-purification dust at steel furnaces by heating with carbon is studied in physicochemical terms. Kinetic analysis reveals the optimal parameters of furnace reduction. Initial data are obtained for the development of a reduction technology for zinc and iron oxides. © 2013 Allerton Press, Inc

Massey products in symplectic manifolds

The paper is devoted to study of Massey products in symplectic manifolds. Theory of generalized and classical Massey products and a general construction of symplectic manifolds with nontrivial Massey products of arbitrary large order are exposed. The construction uses the symplectic blow-up and is based on the author results, which describe conditions under which the blow-up of a symplectic manifold X along its submanifold Y inherits nontrivial Massey products from X ot Y. This gives a general construction of nonformal symplectic manifolds.Comment: LaTeX, 48 pages, 2 figure

C→N migration of methoxycarbonyl and acetyl groups in reactions of functionally substituted carbanions with aryl isocyanates. Kinetics and mechanism of the reactions

The kinetics and mechanism of C→N migrations of methoxycarbonyl and acetyl groups in the reactions of the sodium derivative of methyl (2-cyano-2-phenyl)acetate and 1,1-diacetyl-2-phenyl-2-tributylphosphonioethanide with aryl isocyanates were studied by spectrophotometry. The reactions afford a prereaction complex via a concerted mechanism, according to which the nucleophilic attack of the carbanionic center to the carbon atom of the isocyanate group and the subsequent nucleophilic attack of the nitrogen atom to the carbonyl carbon atom, resulting in the C-C bond cleavage, occur almost simultaneously in the framework of the same transition state. © Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2006

ustification on safe parameters of drilling and blasting mining of sylvinite formations of unconventional thickness together with continuous mining of conventional formations in the mines of Verkhnek

In the conditions of the Verkhnekamskoe field of potassium and magnesium salts unconventional in terms of thickness sylvinite seams are involved in the mining. That requires methodological support and new technological solutions. One of the possible directions in the excavation of sylvinite seams of unconventional thickness is the use of drilling and blasting. A method for calculating the safe geomechanical parameters of the chamber development pattern was developed in order to justify the possibility of drilling and blasting excavation of sylvinite seams of unconventional thickness. The paper presents theoretical calculations for determination of the parameters of a chamber development pattern taking into account the requirements of current regulatory documents. That ensures geomechanical safety during drilling and blasting mining of sylvinite seams of unconventional thickness as well as during mining of sylvinite seams of unconventional thickness in combination with mashinery mining of seams with conventional thickness. Two options of drilling and blasting mining of sylvinite layers depending on the mining and geological conditions of development, are considered in the paper. The first option considers drilling and blasting excavation by the chamber pattern of one sylvinite seam of unconventional thickness. The second option considers drilling and blasting mining of an unconventional sylvinite reservoir together with a machinery mining of adjacent sylvinite layers that have conventional thickness. Minimum allowable size of the production chamber in the drilling and blasting mining of sylvinite seams of unconventional thickness, design and actual parameters of chambers and inter-chamber blocks are justified according to the requirements of regulatory documents. The procedure for calculation of sizes of the cleaning chambers in drilling and blasting mining and inter-chamber blocks in the joint excavation of sylvinite layers of conventional and unconventional thickness. The method for determination of safe parameters of blasting operations providing the permissible value of the fracturing zone in the soil and roof of the cleaning chambers mined by the drilling and blasting method is presented. Calculations have been performed to determine the fracture radius based on the calculation of explosion pulse and dynamic strength of the salt rocks. Determination of the allowable weight of explosion is done using the value of the displacement speed of the particles in the array. As a result of the studies performed, the safe parameters of drilling and blasting mining of one sylvinite layer with unconventional thickness by the chamber pattern and the sylvinite formation of unconventional thickness together with longwall machinery mining of conventional formation at the mines of Verkhnekamskoe field of potassium and magnesium salts

Phase transitions and exchange interactions in the SmCr3(BO3)4 crystal

© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.Spectroscopic investigation and specific heat and magnetic susceptibility measurements of SmCr3(BO3)4 crystals were performed. The spectra of the Sm3+ and Cr3+ ions in samarium chromium borate were calculated and parameters of the exchange interactions between the nearest chromium ions, chromium and samarium ions were determined. Three phase transitions were observed at the temperatures T1= 7.8 ± 0.5 ?, T2 = 6.7 ± 0.5 ?, and T3 = 4.3 ± 0.2 ?, their nature is discussed. The crystal structures with different space symmetry groups R32 and C2/c were found to coexist in SmCr3(BO3)4 single crystal

Phase transitions and exchange interactions in the SmCr3(BO3)4 crystal

© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. Spectroscopic investigation and specific heat and magnetic susceptibility measurements of SmCr 3 (BO 3 ) 4 crystals were performed. The spectra of the Sm 3+ and Cr 3+ ions in samarium chromium borate were calculated and parameters of the exchange interactions between the nearest chromium ions, chromium and samarium ions were determined. Three phase transitions were observed at the temperatures T1= 7.8 ± 0.5 ?, T 2 = 6.7 ± 0.5 ?, and T 3 = 4.3 ± 0.2 ?, their nature is discussed. The crystal structures with different space symmetry groups R32 and C2/c were found to coexist in SmCr 3 (BO 3 ) 4 single crystal

Фармакоэкономическое обоснование применения генно-инженерных биологических препаратов в амбулаторных условиях

Objective. Carrying out of the comparative clinical and economic analysis of treatment of patients with rheumatic diseases (RD) by genetically engineered biological agents (GEBA) in conditions of round-the-clock and day-time in-patient departments.Materials and Methods. In a basis pharmacoeconomic calculations on a method "cost minimization" was put the actual quantity of patients (57 persons) with RD who had previously been initiated and carried out GEBA therapy in conditions of round-the-clock in-patient department, and then the patients for eight months were observed and treated GEBA in day-time in-patient department of budgetary establishment of public health services of Omsk region "Clinical Cardiology Clinic".Results. It demonstrated clinical efficiency of application of GEBA in conditions of a day-time in-patient department in the form of statistically significant decrease of the activity of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis on index DAS28 and stable effect on index BASDAI at ankylosing spondylitis with achievement of stable remission of diseases. Adverse events and adverse drug reactions of GEBA were recorded regardless of the conditions of stay of patients that testifies to identity of parameters of safety of carrying out of genetically engineered biological therapy (GEBT) in a day-time in-patient department. The economic effect of application of hospitalization replacement technologies within 8 months at 57 patients amounted to 2 072 934,1 rbl. In recalculation on quantity of patients in Omsk region (120) sum of economy of system of obligatory medical insurance will amount 4 361 142 rbl.Conclusion. The parameter of a difference of costs at treatment by GEBA of patients with RD in conditions of round-the-clock and day-time in-patient departments in system of obligatory medical insurance testifies to necessity of wide introduction for a clinical practice of hospitalization replacement technologies at treatment by GEBA of patients with RD.Целью исследования являлось проведение сравнительного клинико-экономического анализа лечения пациентов с ревматическими заболеваниями (РЗ) генно-инженерными биологическими препаратами (ГИБП) в условиях круглосуточного и дневного стационаров.Материалы и методы. В основу фармакоэкономических расчетов по методу «минимизации затрат» положено фактическое количество пациентов (57 человек) с РЗ, которым ранее была инициирована и проводилась терапия ГИБП в условиях круглосуточного стационара, а затем пациенты в течение восьми месяцев наблюдались и получали лечение ГИБП в дневном стационаре бюджетного учреждения здравоохранения Омской области (БУЗОО) «Клинический кардиологический диспансер» («ККД»).Результаты. Продемонстрирована клиническая эффективность применения ГИБП в условиях дневного стационара в виде статистически значимого снижения активности ревматоидного артрита, псориатического артритов по индексу DAS28 и стабильного эффекта по индексу BASDAI при анкилозирующем спондилите с достижением стойкой ремиссии заболеваний. Нежелательные явления и побочные реакции ГИБП регистрировались независимо от условий пребывания пациентов, что свидетельствует об идентичности показателей безопасности проведения генно-инженерной биологической терапии (ГИБТ) в дневном стационаре. Экономический эффект от применения стационарзамещающей технологии в течение 8 месяцев у 57 пациентов составил 2 072 934,1 руб. В персчете на количество больных в Омском регионе (120) сумма экономии в системе обязательного медицинского страхования составит 4 361 142 руб.Заключение. Показатель разницы затрат при лечении ГИБП пациентов с РЗ в условиях круглосуточного и дневного стационаров в системе обязательного медицинского страхования свидетельствует о необходимости широкого внедрения в клиническую практику стационарзамещающих технологий при лечении ГИБП пациентов с РЗ