ユネスコ国際母語デー記念学術講演会報告書

「カミンズ教授との出会い-日本の年少者教育と母語の重要性」講演録, 中島, 和子「越境する言語-複数言語環境の子どもたちのために教師ができること、行政がすべきこと」講演録, ジム・カミン

CLDジ ノ フクスウ ゲンゴ ノウリョク ノ カンケイ ニ ツイテ オオサカフカ ノ コウリツ ショウガッコウ デノ チョウサ ケンキュウ ヨリ

This article presents some of the findings of a longitudinal study conducted during last eight years supported by the KAKEN Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research. Current study has been carried out for the last five years, based on the previous three-year-study at public elementary schools in Osaka, where more than twenty percent of the pupils are from China. Those Culturally Linguistically Diverse (CLD) Children are prospective bilingual speakers of their home language, Chinese, and the local language, Japanese in our society. As increasing number of CLD children have been accepted and facing difficulties at Japanese public schools, the authors and their research group believe it important to assess not only their Japanese but their Chinese language proficiency as well, so that "additive bilingualism" is taken into consideration, as the standpoint of promoting JSL education, rather than "subtractive bilingualism" which leads children to monolingual Japanese. The subjects of the assessment for this article were 110 in total, among whom fifty pupils were assessed in both Japanese and Chinese language, using assessment tools of the Oral Proficiency Interview for Bilingual Children (OBC) and the Dialogic Reading Assessment (DRA) in the two languages separately and individually. Our research questions are two folds: (1) how speaking and reading skills in Japanese are improving among those Chinese pupils, and (2) how their L1 Chinese proficiency is related to their Japanese literacy. The results indicated as follows: (1) their Japanese speaking and reading skills improved yearly, and (2) their Japanese literacy showed mild correlation with their Chinese proficiency. Their Japanese literacy showed highest when they are literate in L1 Chinese. It was higher if they can communicate in Chinese, compared to those who have only L1 listening skill. These results support Cummins'Interdependence Hypothesis, and can be interpreted to encourage additive bilingualism in such public schools in Japan.研究論文Article

Results from a 1-day workshop on the assessment of quality of life in cancer patients: a joint initiative of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer

This report summarizes the presentations and discussion in the first Japan Clinical Oncology Group-European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life/Patient-Reported Outcome workshop funded by the National Cancer Center Hospital that was held on Saturday, 1 September 2018 in Tokyo, Japan. The infrastructure and understanding regarding the Quality of Life/Patient-Reported Outcome assessment of cancer patients in Japan is still immature, in spite of the increased demand for oncological Patient-Reported Outcome research felt not only by researchers but also by patients or other stakeholders of cancer drug development. The workshop aimed to share each perspective, common issues to be considered and future perspectives regarding the strong alliance between the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Group and the Japan Clinical Oncology Group for Quality of Life/Patient-Reported Outcome research as well as explore the possibility of conducting collaborative research. European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer is a leading international cancer clinical trials organization, and its Quality of Life Group is a global leader in the implementation of Quality of Life research in cancer patients. The three invited speakers from the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Group presented their perspective, latest methodology and ongoing projects. The three speakers from the Japan Clinical Oncology Group presented their current status, experience and some issues regarding data management or interpretation of the Patient-Reported Outcome data. The two patient advocates also shared their expectations in terms of advances in cancer research based on the Patient-Reported Outcome assessment. As the next steps after this workshop, the Japan Clinical Oncology Group and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer have decided to cooperate more closely to facilitate Patient-Reported Outcome research in both the groups, and the Japan Clinical Oncology Group has approved the establishment of a new committee for Quality of Life/Patient-Reported Outcome research in Japan

<Review> (1) García, O., and Wei, L. (2014). Translanguaging : Implications for language, bilingualism and education. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Pivot. (2) Ceric, C., and Seltzer, K. (2011). Translanguaging : A CUNY-NYSIEB guide for educators. The Graduate Center, The City University of New York: CUNY-NYSIEB.

書