The Study of Dormancy Breaking in Grapevine Buds by Using Chemical in Ahvaz Area

The effects of dormancy breaking chemical have long been specified and the utilization of these materials are common in many subtropical areas where do not provide adequate chilling requirement for buds to bloom. Although, grape as a fruit that is grown in subtropical areas does not have a high chilling requirement, its fulfillment is crucial to release bud dormancy and for its optimal growth. So, it is necessary to consider the effect of dormancy-breaking chemical on this product. In present research, the effects of dormex in three concentrations of 3%, 5% and 7% and volk oil in three concentrations of 3%, 5% and 7% as two bud dormancy breaking chemical have been evaluated in a split-plot experiment on some qualitative and quantitative properties of Sultani grape cultivar such as yield, bunch weight, number of berry per bunch, bunch length and width, length and volume of berry, 100 berries' weight, number of seeds per berry and pH, TSS, TA, TSS / TA, and vitamin C. Results which were analyzed by SAS software indicated that in bushes treated with 7% dormex and 7% volk oil, the yield and bunch weight, bunch length and width, berry weight and volume dramatically increased, and this increase is proportional to the concentration of applied substance. Generally, it is concluded that the application of dormancy-breaking chemicals has great impact on yield improvement and other quantitative and qualitative characteristics of grapevine bushes and can meet the side effects resulting from the lack of adequate chilling requirement of grapevine. The application of 7% dormex significantly increased the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of grapevine in Ahvaz

The Study of Dormancy Breaking in Grapevine Buds by Using Chemical in Ahvaz Area

The effects of dormancy breaking chemical have long been specified and the utilization of these materials are common in many subtropical areas where do not provide adequate chilling requirement for buds to bloom. Although, grape as a fruit that is grown in subtropical areas does not have a high chilling requirement, its fulfillment is crucial to release bud dormancy and for its optimal growth. So, it is necessary to consider the effect of dormancy-breaking chemical on this product. In present research, the effects of dormex in three concentrations of 3%, 5% and 7% and volk oil in three concentrations of 3%, 5% and 7% as two bud dormancy breaking chemical have been evaluated in a split-plot experiment on some qualitative and quantitative properties of Sultani grape cultivar such as yield, bunch weight, number of berry per bunch, bunch length and width, length and volume of berry, 100 berries' weight, number of seeds per berry and pH, TSS, TA, TSS / TA, and vitamin C. Results which were analyzed by SAS software indicated that in bushes treated with 7% dormex and 7% volk oil, the yield and bunch weight, bunch length and width, berry weight and volume dramatically increased, and this increase is proportional to the concentration of applied substance. Generally, it is concluded that the application of dormancy-breaking chemicals has great impact on yield improvement and other quantitative and qualitative characteristics of grapevine bushes and can meet the side effects resulting from the lack of adequate chilling requirement of grapevine. The application of 7% dormex significantly increased the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of grapevine in Ahvaz

Carnation flowers senescence as influenced by nickel, cobalt and silicon

Ethylene acts as a limiting factor for commercial carnation production which can decrease the vase life and postharvest quality. Use of ethylene production inhibitors such as nickel (Ni) or cobalt (Co) may keep the flowers quality for longer period also beneficial elements such as silicone (Si) might possess positive impact on postharvest life of cut flowers of carnations with climacteric respiration. To evaluate the effect of these three elements a completely randomized designed study was carried out, there were 3 replications each of which had 3 ‘Harlem’ carnation flowers. They were put in 500 mL vases which had been filled with 400 mL distilled water for the control treatment and 400 mL solution of the following concentrations: NiSO4 (30, 45, 60 mg.L-1) CoCl2 (50, 75, 100 mg.L-1) and K2SiO3 (100, 150, 200 mg.L-1 ). All elements caused higher vase life and lower ethylene production. Further investigation with other cultivars seems useful

Phytochemical Attributes of Some Dried Fig (Ficus carica L.) Fruit Cultivars Grown in Iran

In the present study, total phenolic, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins, total antioxidant capacity, total soluble solids, colour parameters (such as L*, a*, b*, C*, and H°) and phenolic compounds, including catechin, total catechin, quercetin-3- glucoside, total quercetin, and chlorogenic acid of nine dried fig fruit cultivars in Fars province, Iran, were studied since only limited information on that topic is available in the literature. Results showed that the total phenolic content in ‘Khafrak’ cultivar was significantly higher than other examined cultivars. Regarding to the values of total antioxidant capacity, there were no statistically significant differences among the majority of cultivars except between ‘Khafrak’ and ‘Rowno’. Except for ‘Khafrak’ and ‘Rowno’, TF content in ‘Sigoto’ was significantly higher than the other examined cultivars. Anthocyanin content in all cultivars was negligible and it was not detected in some cultivars. Based on colorimetric results, the lightest skin color was observed in ‘Shahanjir’, while the darker color was in ‘Seyah’. Significant differences were determined among the cultivars with respect to the distribution of phenolic compounds. Catechin and total quercetin contents in ‘Matti’ were significantly higher than the other examined cultivars. Results suggest that chlorogenic acid played a trifling role in determination of antioxidant capacity of the fruits. In addition, the cluster analysis based on Euclidean distance with Unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA) method separated the cultivars into three main groups

Sugars, Organic Acids and Phenolic Compunds in Shahani, Piarom and Deiry Date Palm

In this research different compounds such as moisture,protein,nutrition,fructose and glucose,cartenoid,organic acid,phenolic acid of piarom,shahani and deiry were studied.Suger was analyzed by (HPAEC-PAD). organic acids and phenoilc acids were studied by (HPLC). According to our result, shahani, piarom and deiry as soft, semi-dry and dry cultivars showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between most properties. Piarom has the highest organic acid compared other cultivar. Piarom has the highest organic acid, but in nutrition, total phenol and phenolic acids, deiry has first value. In three cultivars, among the minerals studied, potassium was most abundant with a concentration of 1170–2440 mg/100 g. Shahani has the highest reducing sugar (68.8%) and showed significant differences in compared to piarom and deiry. Deiry has the highest proteins (7.3%) as compared to other cultivar

Effects of rootstock on Iranian pistachio scion cultivars

Introduction. Research was conducted at the Pistachio Research Institute in Rafsanjan, Iran, to evaluate the effects of ‘Badami’ (Pistacia vera L.), ‘Sarakhs’ (wild P. vera) and ‘Beneh’ (P. mutica F. & M.) seedling rootstocks on the nut quality of ‘Owhadi’, ‘Kalleh-ghuochi’ and ‘Ahmad-aghaie’ pistachio cultivars. Twenty-year-old trees of these nine rootstock/scion combinations were used in a two-year study done in 2003 and 2004. Materials and methods. Growth parameters [trunk cross-sectional area (TCA), tree height, canopy diameter, shoot growth, leaf area and number of suckers], yield parameters (cumulative yield and yield efficiency), and nut quality (blankness, splitting, nuts per ounce and weight of 100 nuts) were measured. Results and discussion. TCA was significantly lower on ‘Sarakhs’ rootstock than on the two other rootstocks and ‘Sarakhs’ was the least vigorous among the tested rootstocks and gave the lowest leaf area of scion cultivars. ‘Sarakhs’ rootstock consistently influenced the formation of the highest number of suckers. ‘Badami’ rootstock allowed us to obtain the greatest cumulative production and yield efficiency, the lowest blankness of pistachio nuts, and the highest percentage of splitting of pistachio nuts. Conclusion. Our study showed that genetic variability among pistachio rootstocks may influence scion vigour, yield, extent of shell splitting, blankness and nut weight

Determining the Pollinizer for Pecan Cultivars

This study was conducted to determine the best pollinizer for five selected pecan cultivars in southwest of Iran at Safiabad Agricultural Research Center in 2014-2015. The cultivars included: 'GraTex', '10J', 'Wichita 6J', 'GraKing', 'Choctaw' as pollinated cultivars (♀) and 'GraTex', 'Peruque', 'Comanche 4M', '10J', 'Wichita 6J', 'Mohawk', 'Mahan', 'Stuart 2J', '3J', 'Stuart 4J', 'GraKing', 'Choctaw', 'Apache', '6M', 'Wichita 7J' and 'Comanche 5M.' as pollinizer cultivars (♂). In the first step, a pollination chart of cultivars was determined in two years. The pollination chart of cultivars showed that all the cultivars investigated during this study were dichogamous and also protogynous except for the 'Peruque'. ‘GraKing’ had the longest duration of shedding pollen. Pollination chart showed that 'Peruque', ‘GraKing’, and 'Stuart 2J' had flowering overlap with the selected cultivars. Pollen germination test showed that the germination ability was different among the cultivars. It was 45% for 'GraKing' and 35% for 'Peruque', which were both recommended as pollinizers in this study. '6M', 'GraTex' and 'Stuart 4J' cultivars had the highest pollen germination percentage of 65%, 60% and 60%, respectively. The results of controlled pollinationtest showed that different pollen sources had no significant effect on nuts per cluster but self-pollinated all of the cultivars significantly reduced fruit set in first and second years. Based on the present research, pollination in pecan orchard was necessary for adequate yield. Also, 'Peruque', 'GraKing' and 'Stuart 2J' were the best pollinizers for five selected cultivars in southwest of Iran

Low temperature resistance of developing flower buds of pistachio (pistacia vera L.) cultivars

Percentage freeze damaged flower buds was estimated for four cultivars of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) ‛Kalle-Ghuchi’, ‛Owhadi’, ‛Ahmad-Aghaei’ and ‛Akbari’ were determined. Samples were collected from bud swell stage to post bloom stage in 2008 and 2009. Four pistachio cultivars showed similar distribution of mortality during blossom bud development from bud swell to post bloom. During this period, the critical temperature for survival among the 4 cultivars in bud swell, green tip, tight cluster, full bloom and post bloom stage was -15°C, -12°C, -8°C, -4°C and -4°C respectively. Therefore, hardiness decreased as the stage of phenophase bud development increased. The tested pistachio cultivars exhibited less damage level in ‛Off’ trees from ‛On’ trees

Effects of Daffodil Flowers and Cobalt Chloride on Vase Life of Cut Rose

The<strong> </strong>effects of postharvest application of cobalt chloride were investigated on vase life of rose stood individually in vials and the other ones placing daffodil flowers in a vase with a rose flower.  Therefore, roses were treated with: CoCl₂ (100, 200, 300 mg L^-1, respectively) or distilled water (control). The results showed that the decreased vase life of rose flowers, after daffodil was placed in their vase water, is due to daffodil mucilage, which blocks water up take, mainly as a result of increased bacterial growth. Cobalt chloride inhibited vascular blockage in the stem of rose and maintained a high water flow rate through stems, leading to significantly water uptake by cut flowers