108 research outputs found
Biometria
S\u142owa kluczowe: biometria; pomiary biologiczne; analiza statystyczna \u2013 testy parametryczne i nieparametryczne; metody bada\u144 biometrycznych; analiza wariancj
Myenteric plexuses atrophy in the vicinity of colorectal cancer tissue is not caused by apoptosis or necrosis
Introduction. The previously performed studies showed that the presence of colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor is associated with the atrophy of myenteric plexuses in the vicinity of cancer invasion; however, the possible mechanisms of this phenomenon are not known. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the atrophic changes of the enteric nervous system (ENS) within an intestine wall of the CRC patients were caused by apoptosis or necrosis and whether they were associated with changes in the number of galanin-immunoreactive (GAL-Ir) neurons.
Material and methods. Samples of the large intestine wall located close to the CRC invasion and control, distally-located part of the colon, were collected from 9 CRC patients. The size of ENS plexuses and the number of neurons were compared. Triple immunofluorescent staining was used to visualize the co-expression of caspase 3 (CASP3) or caspase 8 (CASP8) with GAL and protein gene-product 9.5 (PGP 9.5, panneuronal marker) in the submucosal and myenteric ENS plexuses. The cells expressing myeloperoxidase (MPO, marker of neutrophils) and CD68 (marker of macrophages) were detected by immunohistochemistry around/in myenteric plexuses (MPs) and in the muscularis externa of the colon wall in the vicinity of tumor invasion.
Results. Myenteric plexuses in the vicinity of the CRC tissue were significantly smaller and had lower number of neurons per plexus than distantly located plexuses. The number of CASP8- and CASP3-Ir neurons in the ENS plexuses was similar in the colon wall both close to and distally from tumor invasion. The number of CASP8-Ir neurons within MPs located close to CRC invasion was higher than of CASP3-Ir neurons. The percentage of neurons co-expressing CASP8 and GAL in myenteric plexuses close and distantly from tumor was three-fold lower than of those co-expressing CASP3 and GAL. The mean number of neutrophils and macrophages inside and around myenteric plexuses located close to tumor invasion was higher or similar, respectively, as compared with adjacent muscularis externa.
Conclusions. The atrophy of myenteric plexuses in the vicinity of CRC invasion is not caused by apoptosis or necrosis. The differences in the proportions of neurons expressing galanin and the studied caspases suggest as yet unknown role of this neuropeptide in the mechanisms of neuron’s atrophy in MPs located close to CRC tumor
The utility of Prostar XL percutaneous vascular closure device after stent-graft implantation for infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms
Introduction. Over time, endovascular techniques of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair became the principal methods of treatment of this potentially fatal disease. Currently, endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) constitutes an effective alternative to open surgery, also in cases of aneurysm rupture. Low degree of invasiveness is the main advantage of this method. Introduction of a system enabling percutaneous stent-graft implantation appears to be the next step in the development of endovascular AAA surgery. Aim of the study is to evaluate the Prostar XL® closure device with regard to clinical effectiveness, safety, cost-effectiveness. Material and methods. The study included 100 patients (from January 2013 to December 2015) subject to endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in the infrarenal region of the aorta with the application of the Prostar Xl® closure device. Most patients were operated under epidural anaesthesia. Local anaesthesia (1% Lidocaine) was used in 36 patients due to comorbidities. A possible application of the closure system depended on a preoperative assessment of common femoral arteries using ultrasonography. Presence of atherosclerotic plaque on the anterior wall of the vessel disqualified the patient from percutaneous endovascular aneurysm repair (PEVAR). The main part of the procedure consisted of stent-graft implantation into the abdominal aortic aneurysm. In the final stage, puncture site on the anterior wall of common femoral arteries was closed using previously placed sutures of the Prostar XL system. The wound in the inguinal region was closed with a skin suture. Results. The analysis of obtained results demonstrated significantly shorter mean hospitalization times in patients treated with PEVAR compared to EVAR. Low rates and types of observed complications in the study group (PEVAR) compared to the control group (EVAR) are strongly in favour the percutaneous technique (PEVAR) of endovascular aortic abdominal aneurysm repair in the infrarenal region of the aorta, confirming its minimally invasive character
Distribution and chemical coding pattern of somatostatin immunoreactivity in the dorsal striatum of the guinea pig
The present study provides a detailed description of somatostatin (SOM) distribution and the colocalization
pattern of SOM, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the dorsal striatum
(caudate-putamen complex) of the guinea pig. Within the dorsal striatum, SOM is found in a population of
medium-sized aspiny interneurons. We found that 97% of all SOM-IR neurons expressed NPY simultaneously,
while 98% of all NPY-ergic perikarya was simultaneously SOM-IR. On the other hand, while 98% of all SOM-IR
cells were simultaneously NOS-IR, only 91% of all NOS-containing neurons exhibited SOM-immunoreactivity.
Irrespective of their chemical coding, both types of SOM-IR neurons were scattered throughout the dorsal
striatum, sometimes in the form of small, loosely arranged clusters of 2–4 cells. While SOM-IR and NPY-IR
nerve fibers were present in all of the studied regions, they were more numerous in the ventro-medial part of the
studied structure, with the exception of its caudal portion, where SOM-IR and NPY-IR fibers additionally formed
a dense network in the part corresponding to the caudate nucleus. A low expression of staining for NOS-IR fibers
was seen throughout the entire dorsal striatum. In some fibers, SOM and NPY were co-expressed. Fibers expressing
both SOM and NOS were not found. (Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica 2011; Vol. 49, No. 4, pp. 690–699
Distribution and chemical coding pattern of the cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) immunoreactivity in the preoptic area of the pig
This study provides a detailed description of cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART)
distribution and the co-localization pattern of CART and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), somatostatin
(SOM), neuropeptide Y (NPY), cholecystokinin (CCK), and substance P (SP) in the preoptic area
(POA) of the domestic pig. The POA displays a low density of immunoreactive cells and rich immunoreactivity
for CART in fibers. CART-immunoreactive (CART-IR) cell bodies were single and faintly stained, and located
in the medial preoptic area (MPA) and the periventricular region of the POA. A high density of immunoreactive
fibers was observed in the periventricular preoptic nucleus (PPN); a high to moderate density of fibers was
observed in the MPA; but in the dorso-medial region of the MPA the highest density of fibers in the whole POA
was observed. The lateral preoptic area (LPA) exhibited a less dense concentration of CART-immunoreactive
fibers than the MPA. The median preoptic nucleus (MPN) showed moderate to low expression of staining
fibers. In the present study, dual-labeling immunohistochemistry was used to show that CART-IR cell bodies do
not contain any GnRH and SP. CART-positive fibers were identified in close apposition with GnRH neurons.
This suggests that CART may influence GnRH secretion. Double staining revealed that CART-IR structures do
not co-express any of the substances we studied, but a very small population of CART-IR fibers also contain
SOM, CCK or SP. (Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica 2011; Vol. 49, No. 4, pp. 604–614
Eta and eta' mesons production at COSY-11
The low emittance and small momentum spread of the proton and deuteron beams
of the Cooler Synchrotron COSY combined with the high mass resolution of the
COSY-11 detection system permit to study the creation of mesons in the
nucleon-nucleon interaction down to the fraction of MeV with respect to the
kinematical threshold. At such small excess energies, the ejectiles possess low
relative momenta and are predominantly produced with the relative angular
momentum equal to zero. Taking advantage of these conditions we have performed
investigations aiming to determine the mechanism of the production of eta and
eta' mesons in the collision of hadrons as well as the hadronic interaction of
these mesons with nucleons and nuclei. In this proceedings we address the
ongoing studies of the spin and isospin dependence for the production of the
eta and eta' mesons in free and quasi-free nucleon-nucleon collisions. New
results on the spin observables for the vec(p)p --> pp eta reaction, combined
with the previously determined total cross section isospin dependence, reveal a
statistically significant indication that the excitation of the nucleon to the
S11(1535) resonance, the process which intermediates the production of the eta
meson in the nucleon-nucleon interactions, is predominantly due to the exchange
of the pi meson between the colliding nucleons.Comment: Invited talk at MESON 2006: 9th International Workshop on Meson
Production, Properties and Interactions, Cracow, Poland, 9-13 Jun 200
Near threshold eta meson production in dp collisions
Preliminary results of recent measurements of the near threshold eta meson
production in the dp-->dp eta reaction are presented. The experiment was
performed at the COSY-Juelich accelerator with the use of the COSY-11 detection
system. Data were taken for three values of deuteron beam momenta corresponding
to excess energies of 3.2, 6.1 and 9.2 MeV. The energy dependence of the total
cross section confirms a strong effect of the final state interaction.Comment: Talk given at 9th International Workshop on Meson Production,
Properties and Interaction, Cracow, Poland, 9-13 June 2006. 5 pages, 3
figure
Study of the 3He-eta system in d-p collisions at COSY-11
We present preliminary results from dp --> 3He X (X=pi0,eta) measurements
near the eta production threshold. The data were taken during a slow ramping of
the COSY internal deuteron beam scattered on a proton target. The 3He ejectiles
were registered with the COSY-11 detection setup. The ongoing data analysis
should deliver high precision data for the dp --> 3He eta total and
differential cross sections for the excess energies in the range from threshold
up to 9 MeV. The preliminary excitation function for the reaction dp --> 3He
pi0 does not show any structure which could originate from the decay of 3He-eta
bound state. We present also a threshold excitation curve for the dp --> 3He X
channel. Contrary to corresponding results from SATURNE we see no cusp in the
vicinity of the eta threshold.Comment: 8 pages; 5 figures; Talk at Eta05 Workshop on Production and Decay of
eta and eta-prime Mesons, Cracow, Poland, 15-18 Sep 2005; Acta Phys. Slovaca,
in prin
A method to disentangle single- and multi-meson production in missing mass spectra from quasi-free pn --> pn X reactions
The separation of contributions from multi- and single-meson production in
the missing mass spectrum of the quasi-free pn --> pnX reaction constitutes
a~challenging task when the reaction is studied close to threshold. This is
especially true if the resolution of the mass determination is comparable with
the excess energy and if the investigated signal appears close to the
kinematical limit. In this article we outline a method which permits the
extraction of the signal originating from the creation of a single meson
without the necessity of conducting model-dependent simulations. For the pd -->
pnXp(spectator) reactions, the method allows one to combine events
corresponding to multi-meson production at various excess energies with respect
to the pn --> pn meson process, and hence leads to an increase of the
statistics needed for the determination of the shape of the multi-meson
background.
As an example of the application of the method, we demonstrate that the
evaluation of the data from the pd --> pnXp(sp) process according to the
described technique enables one to extract a signal of the pn --> pn eta
reaction whose shape is consistent with expectations, supporting the
correctness and usefulness of the method introduced.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figure
Study of the production mechanism of the eta meson by means of analysing power measurements
Information about the production mechanism of the eta meson in proton-proton
collisions can be inferred by confronting the experimental studies on the
analysing power for the p(pol)p --> pp eta reaction with the theoretical
predictions of this observable. Results show that the predictions of pure
pseudoscalar- or vector meson exchange model are insufficient to describe the
analysing powers.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, Presented at MESON 2006: 9th International
Workshop on Meson Production, Properties and Interactions, Cracow, Poland,
9-13 Jun 200
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