Reading Strategies, Learning Styles and Reading Comprehension: A Correlation Study

This study aimed to measure the correlations between reading strategies, learning styles and reading comprehension of the Saudi EFL college learners' English reading comprehension. This study used a survey and two IELTS reading passages that vary in difficulty levels. The purpose was to show how two different reading strategies affect EFL students' reading comprehension. The study further examines the correlations between learning styles and reading strategies, and whether this affects the students' comprehension in a sample of seventy-five EFL Saudi college students enrolled in the English Department. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: an oral reading group  (n = 37) and a silent reading group (n = 38). The learning strategies were  'visual learner' and 'auditory learner', with three performance grades, 'low', 'average' and 'high'; while the reading methods were  'oral' and 'silent'. The findings showed that the variation of reading strategies, namely oral reading versus silent reading strategies, did not produce any statistically significant differences on EFL learners' reading comprehension. Findings also showed that high visual learners did not perform significantly differently from the silent reading group or the oral reading group.  There were no statistically significant differences between silent reading participants and oral reading participants in their performance on either text from the IELTS. More detailed findings were also presented and discussed against a background of prior research. Pedagogical implications were drawn, and recommendations for further research were proposed

Protein Ubiquitination In Primary Human Skeletal Muscle Cells Under Hyperinsulinemic Hyperglycemic Conditions

Ubiquitin proteasome system is a relatively newly discovered pathway for protein degradation. Many studies have successfully pointed out the critical functions that UPS plays in regulating many physiological processes. On the other hand, recent studies suggested that abnormal UPS activities might be involved in the pathophysiology of several disorders including type 2 diabetes. However, the specific changes in UPS during the development of insulin resistance and consequently T2D are still unclear. UPS is composed of two major steps, a reversible ubiquitin conjugation to the targeted substrate followed by proteasomal degradation of the ubiquitinated proteins. In this study, we examined the changes in the total ubiquitination as well as the site-specific ubiquitin conjugation under hyperinsulinemic-hyperglycemic conditions in primary skeletal muscle cells derived from lean, healthy people. We observed a significant decrease in the total ubiquitination in case of glucotoxicity, which is a simulation for insulin resistance in cell culture. In addition, we identified 21 ubiquitination sites that showed significant changes upon treatment with different glucose and insulin concentrations. This study provides a list of ubiquitination as a reference for future research in ubiquitination and diabetes in human skeletal muscle cells

Investigating the impact of service quality dimensions, price and reputation on the behavioural intentions of retail banking customers

This thesis was submitted for the award of Doctor of Philosophy and was awarded by Brunel University LondonRetail banking service providers are facing challenges such as continuous changes in consumer expectations and escalating global competitiveness. The banking sector is characterised as an extraordinarily competitive and regulated sector. As a result, it is essential that retail banking service providers reassess the level of their service quality and recognise the important factors that influence customer satisfaction, intention and loyalty. As pointed out by the literature, there is a fundamental need for studies on customer intention and behaviour which will show whether customer attitudes provide significant evidence of how customers act and feel. Furthermore, there is a lack of theoretical modelling and empirical studies on the relationships between customer satisfaction, service quality and variables in other areas of service experience, such as price, reputation and complaint intention, in the retail banking context. Thus, the current study adopted the expectation confirmation theory because its aim is to develop a framework that advances the understanding of customer satisfaction, intention and loyalty in the retail banking sector, which can be best achieved by choosing a theory whose main target is to measure customer satisfaction and post-purchase behaviour. The proposed framework enhances our understanding by expanding ECT theory. To clarify, the conceptual framework introduces three constructs, price, reputation and complaint intention, which had not previously been brought together into one framework with the rest of the present study constructs, a practice which is considered to offer a highly valuable contribution. Additionally, the outcomes from this study have many implications for managers and decision-makers in the banking service sector. It is essential for marketing managers in the banking sector to understand the importance of all of the components of service quality as well as price and reputation, in order to understand fully customer satisfaction and intentions. The primary aim of this study is to examine how customer intention and loyalty are affected by service quality dimensions, price and reputation, using the intermediation role of confirmation and customer satisfaction. This study has developed a theoretical framework that integrates a set of essential variables to evaluate the impact of service quality dimensions, price and reputation on customer's intentions and loyalty, using Expectation Confirmation Theory. Consequently, hypotheses are created to examine the association between the framework variables. This study employs a quantitative method alongside a positivist approach to examine the hypothetical associations within the conceptual framework. Of the online surveys distributed to retail banking consumers, 923 were valid. To validate and analyse the data, the research study employs structural equation modelling using AMOS SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). The final results illustrate that tangibles, assurance, responsiveness, empathy and price have a significant impact on confirmation and customer satisfaction. On the other hand, reliability has no significant impact on confirmation and customer satisfaction in the Saudi retail banking sector. In addition, reputation has a significant impact on customer satisfaction. Furthermore, confirmation also has an important influence on customer satisfaction and customer satisfaction has a significant relationship with customer intentions and loyalty. Customer satisfaction also has a significant relationship with customer loyalty. Indeed, the overall results of this study reveal the impact of service quality, price and reputation on customer intention and loyalty through customer satisfaction, along with confirmation of customer expectations. Finally, the outcomes of this study have practical and theoretical implications which advance the knowledge in this area.King Fahad Security College and the Saudi Arabian Cultural Bureau in Londo

Renewable Energy based Solar desalinator

The availability of safe drinking water is the most fundamental requirement for human survival on Earth, according to a number of scientific research. Fossil energy prices may be prohibitively expensive in many regions where freshwater resources or water delivery infrastructure are insufficient, whereas solar energy is abundant everywhere. Furthermore, as government rules in the developed world increasingly emphasise the replacement of fossil energy with renewable, low-carbon energy, water-stressed countries are considering the use of solar-powered electricity to generate electricity. Desalination technology, when used in conjunction with present freshwater supplies, can assist in resolving both the water supply and the energy crises. Water covers around 80 percent of the earth's surface, according to estimates: • 97.5 percent of the solution is saline. • Underground deposits containing 2.5 percent of the country's total reserves and frozen as ice • Fresh water is accessible in the amount of 0.25 percent

Squint Among Adult Population in Hail City, Saudi Arabia

Background: Strabismus, also known as crossed eyes, is a condition in which the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object. If present during a large part of childhood, it may result in amblyopia. If onset is during adulthood, it is more likely to result in double vision. Objective: The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of squint, types and treatment characteristics in the studied adults in Hail city, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in Hail city, Saudi Arabia. The study included 294 participants; 95 male and 199 female adults aged >20 years. The study period was from 1 January to 30 April 2018. Data collected by personal interview using a pre-designed questionnaire, which distributed among the participants to be self-reported. Results: The prevalence of squint among the studied population was 9.9%. it was more common in females than males. Squint was right sided in 24.1% of the cases, left sided in 51.7% and in both eyes in 24.1% of the studied cases. About half (44.8%) of cases had inward squint (esotropia) and 10.3% outward squint (exsotropia), 24.1% of the cases had Intermittent squint and 6.9% had permanent squint. Most (55.2%) of squint cases use glasses and 34.5% of cases squint affected their visual acuity. In 6.9%, squint causes psychological troubles. As regards treatment, 20.7% received medical treatment and 17.2% received surgical treatment but 62.1% do not seek medical care. Only 10.3% of cases completely cured and 13.8% had recurrence. There was insignificant relation with age, sex, education, squint in parents, chronic diseases, consanguinity or hereditary diseases (P>0.05). Conclusion: in this study, the prevalence of squint in the adult participants in Hail city, Saudi Arabia was 9.9% but 62.1% do not seek medical care. After treatment, only 10.3% of cases completely cured and 13.8% had recurrence. Health education of the public about importance of early treatment is highly recommended. Keywords: Squint; strabismus; adult population; prevalence; types; Hail; Saudi Arabia

Sleep disorders and its effect on community

The main aim of this paper is to analysis the effect of sleep disorders on the community. This study is quantitative. The questionnaire was designed and distributed among the student in school in the city of Riyadh high and intermediate school. The sample of this study consist 100 students. The researcher visited a school in the city of Riyadh high and intermediate school sections and that on December 10 to 11 to measure the impact of sleep disorders through a questionnaire that measures the effects of lack of sleep and then make them aware of the benefits of sleep and harm of lack of sleep from the physical and psychological effects, and it gave a lecture educate the students and then distribute them brochure contain the benefits and harmful effects of sleep. SPSS 21 was used to analysis that data. The results of the study indicated that lack of sleep limits a person's ability to think and solve the problem effectively, which means that people who wake up for a long time influence them to learn at an effective level. Lack of sleep affects the ability of thinking and can limit your ability to accurately interpret events, which can be difficult to respond correctly to situations in which effective decision-making is intelligent. The lack of sleep, even for one night can lead to swelling of the eyes and turn the skin into pale skin. Keywords: Sleep disorders, community

Perceived Risk of falls among Acute Care Patients

Purpose: In an effort to lower the number of falls that occur among hospitalized patients, several facilities have begun introducing various fall prevention programs. However, the efficacy of fall prevention programs is diminished if patients do not consider themselves to be at risk for falls and do not follow recommended procedures. The goal of this study was to characterize how patients in four different acute care specialist services felt about their risk of falling while in the hospital. Methods: One hundred patients admitted to the study hospital with a Morse Fall Scale score of 45 or higher were given the Patient Perception Questionnaire, a tool designed to assess a patient's perception of their own fall risk, fear of falling, and motivation to take part in fall prevention efforts. Scores on the Morse Fall Scale were gathered through a historical assessment of medical records. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and independent sample t tests were used to examine the data. Results: The average age was 65, and around half (52%) were men and half (48%) were women. Based on their ratings on the Morse Fall Scale, all 100 participants were classified as being at high risk for falls. However, only 55.5% of the individuals agreed with this assessment. The likelihood that a patient would seek assistance and the degree to which they feared falling both declined as their faith in their mobility improved. Patients hospitalized after a fall exhibited considerably lower confidence scores and greater fear scores than patients who had not been injured in a fall. Conclusions: Patients who have a high fall risk assessment score may not believe they are at risk for falls and may not take any steps to reduce their risk. The prevalence of falls in hospitals might be mitigated by the creation of a fall risk assessment technique that takes into account both objective and subjective factors

Why Some join in and Others don’t: Embodied Experiences of Male Students in Physical Education at a Saudi High School

بالاعتماد على مفاهيم بوردو حول الجسدية ورأس المال الاجتماعي ورأس المال المادي، فإن الهدف من دراسة الحالة النوعية هذه هو تطوير فهم أفضل للتوجهات الجسدية للشباب السعودي التي تؤثر على تجاربهم في التربية البدنية. تشير الورقة إلى البيانات النوعية الناتجة عن الملاحظة وكذلك المقابلات شبه المنظمة مع 27 فتى تتراوح أعمارهم بين 15 و 20 عامًا. تم العثور على أصدقاء العائلة والأصدقاء وأقرانهم من العوامل الأساسية في تشكيل مواقف الأولاد تجاه وخبراتهم في التربية البدنية. يعتبر إنتاج وتحويل رأس المال المادي إلى أشكال أخرى من رأس المال (مثل رأس المال الاجتماعي) ملحوظًا بين الطلاب الذين يتمتعون بمهارة بدنية، مما يساعدهم على كسب مكانة أكثر امتيازًا اجتماعيًا وأكاديميًا. الطلاب الذين ليسوا ماهرين ويأتون من ظروف عائلية مقيدة (اجتماعية / مالية) هم أقل قدرة على تمييز أنفسهم وقد يتعرضون للتهميش. تجد هذه الورقة أن الجسم الرياضي للطالب يعتبر مثالاً على القيمة الرمزية (رأس المال) ويعطي وصفًا لكيفية اعادة إنتاج هذه الهيئات البدنية وهذه القيمDrawing on Bourdieu’s concepts of bodily habitus, social capital, and physical capital, the purpose of this qualitative case study is to develop a better understanding of Saudi youth bodily dispositions that influence their experiences in physical education. The paper reports on qualitative data generated by observation as well as semi-structured interviews with 27 boys between the ages of 15 and 20. Family, neighborhood friends and peers have been found to be essential factors in shaping boys’ attitudes towards and experiences in PE. The production and conversion of physical capital to other forms of capital (e.g. social capital) is notable among students who are physically skillful, helping them to earn a more socially and academically privileged status. Students who are not skillful and come from constraining family circumstances (social/financial) are less able to distinguish themselves and may experience marginalization. This paper finds that a student’s sporting body is considered as an example of symbolic value (capital) and gives an account of how such bodies, and such values, are (re) produced

Carbon Reduction Technology Based on Imperfect Production System for Deteriorating Items with Warranty Periods and Greenness Dependent Demand

In the current situation, environmental pollution is one of the vital issues affecting every country. In this research paper, we have developed a production inventory model based on carbon emissions, level of greenness, and the warranty of a product. However, very little research has reported on the topics mentioned above. To set up a sustainable imperfect production inventory model, the following suppositions are made: (a) that carbon is released during the production process and that it can be mitigated by imposing technology preventing carbon release directly into the environment; (b) that manufacturers provide a price discount on the selling price of the product to attract customers; and (c) that manufacturers also give attention to the warranty on the goods. This paper assesses the effects of the greenness, warranty of an item, and technology preventing carbon release into the environment on overall profit to help decision-makers make more effective decisions about pricing and replenishment. Three decision variables will need to have their optimal values determined using an algorithm. To justify the proposed model, one numerical example is solved. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is performed to determine how various factors affect total profit