Awareness and knowledge of insurance and Takaful in India: A survey on Indian insurance policy holders

India is a country with the second highest Muslim population after Indonesia and the second largest populated country in the world after China. Since 1818 during the colonization period, insurance was introduced in India. Nowadays, the Indian insurance industry is growing fast. Despite being the second largest Muslim populated country, there is no Takaful (Islamic insurance) products offered in India. Thus, this paper aims to examine the insurance policy holders’ awareness and knowledge of insurance and Takaful in India. The findings show that the non-Muslim insurance policy holders are not aware that insurance practice involves interest, uncertainty and gambling. Similarly, the majority of non-Muslims do not think that insurance practice should be prohibited based on their religious teachings. Interestingly, the majority of respondents have not heard about Takaful. On the contrary, the majority of Muslim know that insurance practices have interest, uncertainty and gambling, and at the same time they think that conventional insurance should be prohibited based on religious teachings. The majority of both Muslims and non-Muslim respondents believe that ethics is important in the insurance practice. It can be concluded that awareness and knowledge of Takaful in India is very low. It might be the main reason why Takaful has not been introduced in India ye

Case of corrosion control in a closed cooling system

The cooling system of the food is one of the main essential systems to maintain food quality in the food processing plant. The using of corrosion inhibitor for the cooling systems is a familiar practice to control the corrosion which is happening due to a different kind of parameters like water quality and the type of materials for the cooling system, in this work, the case of adding corrosion and scale inhibitor to a cooling system containing carbon steel and stainless steel and copper was investigated. The inhibitor was mixed of two materials which are (Sodium Tripolyphosphate as a scale inhibitor and Sodium Polyphosphate as a corrosion inhibitor). The results demonstrate that there is an improvement in reducing the corrosion rate for iron after adding the inhibitor, and the copper ions in the solution reduced if the PH values below 9.5

Examining the innovative minds of Takaful consumers: the case of Malaysia

Objective: This study aims to examine the factors that will affect Malaysian consumers to participate in Takaful. Analysis: Out of the 600 questionnaires that were sent to consumers in greater Malaysia i.e. Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, we received 503 questionnaires. The sample is randomly selected from the known population. The total of 35 questions are constructed to know the determinants to choose new products by the respondents. Method: New product adoption theory is used in developing the questionnaire. In this, questions are organised into seven groups, namely, (a) cost vs. benefit, (b) accessability, availability and service quality, (c) product features, (d) reputation of the company, (e) attributes of agent, (f) marketing and promotion and (g) social and religious factors. The data collected from respondents were subjected to exploratory factor analysis based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) through varimax rotation. This was performed in order to reduce the data to a manageable size. Findings: The findings show that, three predictors out seven predictors significantly contributed to the model and these are social and religious factors, product features, and marketing and promotion. Result: It can be said that, marketing, social and religion and product features are the most important and dominant factors that can influence Malaysian consumers to adopt and participate in Takaful products. Takaful operators should enhance their marketing strategy and simplify the product features to capture the untouched market

Awareness and knowledge of takaful in Malaysia: a survey of Malaysian consumers

Insurance, nowadays, is no longer a luxury rather a necessity. Government regulations and employment are two very important factors that contribute to the huge overall growth of the insurance industry because they force general public to buy it. The concept behind conventional insurance is contrary to the principles of Islam and socio-ethical perspective. The purpose of Shari’ah is to create and maintain a harmonious social environment by moulding our conducts in all aspects of our ritual and daily life.Takaful industry remains to be relevant even after three decades of its introduction due to the continuous demands from the multiracial and multi-ethnic participants from various backgrounds. The said industry celebrates the contributions of their stakeholders, namely the Takaful operators, Shari’ah advisors and the participants or customers. Additional credit for the progressive development of Takaful industry goes to the consistent guidelines from the regulators. However, one factor that hinders further development of Takaful industry is the lack of awareness of its presence and purpose in Malaysian market. Therefore, this paper was designed to examine the knowledge and awareness of Takaful among Malaysian consumers in Malaysia by collecting primary data through survey questionnaires. Out of the 600 questionnaires that were sent to consumers in greater Malaysia i.e. Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, we received 503 questionnaires. Random selection was used to select the sample from the known population. The findings show that out of the 503 respondents, 124 have no knowledge of Takaful and 45% are not aware that Takaful policy holders share risks mutually. Also, 33.2, %, 38.8% and 37.2% do not know that Takaful is free from gambling, uncertainty, and interest.70.2% respondents, however, think that Takaful products comply with Shari’ah

Identification of Phase Transformations During Heating and Cooling for High Iron Chromium Alloy by Dilatometric Method

The phase transformations occur in metals and alloys involves important changes in microstructures according to chemical composition and kinetic of transformations in alloy ,this work deals with many operations and investigation, especially dilatometric test , which enable the achievement of important results for the aim of research. Phase transformation points during heating and cooling by different rates (2-100) C◦/min , for high CR-Fe with high Cr , using dilatometric tests . these tests showed that cooling of this alloy from (950)C◦ , had more than phase transformation during cooling at rate (2-50)C◦/min . while only one transformation –martinsite –during cooling at a rate of (100)C◦/min , as no other transformation at that low temperature . This transformation has high importance to obtain high ,strength, hardness and wear resistance .Those properties are useful for many applications. The phase transformation points of alloy enable the choose of heat treatment required to get the suitable properties. The important results achieved by heating and cooling rates were indication of phase transformation and the time periods of those transformations

Physical model simulation of block caving in jointed rock mass

Incorrect estimation of undercut dimensions in the block caving method can lead to the cessation of caving operations and loss of a large portion of deposits. Numerical modeling is one of the methods for determining the minimum caving span. Numerical and physical modeling methods are useful for an accurate understanding of caving operations. Accordingly, this research focused on investigating the performance of physical and numerical modeling in determining the effects of depth and joint orientation on the minimum required caving span for the initiation and propagation of caving. The physical model was made with 1.5*1.5 square meter dimensions and consisted of travertine blocks with 4*4 square centimeter dimensions. In addition, joints were modeled with dips of 0, 90, 45, 135, 30, and 120 degrees. The physical model could simulate ground stress conditions to great depths and show the behavior of the jointed rock mass in a two-dimensional space. Further, by capturing this behavior, it was possible to compare its result with UDEC software. The results demonstrated that the number of falling blocks and the height of the caving increased by increasing the dip. Furthermore, the formation of arches due to high horizontal stress stops the caving, which will occur again with the increasing span. Although the horizontal stresses and geometrical properties of the joints affect the shape of the caving area, its shape largely follows the dip and orientation of the rock mass joints. Poor draw control causes caved ore columns, which can lead to the formation of a stable arc. Finally, the height of the caved back increases in each span by increasing the depth while decreasing the dip of the joints

Comparison of Marginal Bone Loss in Simultaneous Versus Delayed Implant Placement Following Horizontal Ridge Augmentation with Autogenous Lateral Ramus Bone Block

Statement of the Problem: Alveolar ridge resorption after tooth extraction may interfere with optimal dental implant placement.Purpose: This study aimed to compare the marginal bone loss (MBL) and thickness of the buccal aspect of the augmented site in simultaneous versus delayed implant placement following lateral ramus horizontal ridge augmentation in the posterior mandible.Materials and Method: This prospective cohort study was conducted on patients who required horizontal bone augmentation of the posterior mandible using lateral ramus autogenous bone graft. Patients were divided into two groups of simultaneous implant placement (group 1) and delayed implant placement (group 2). Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were obtained before augmentation, at the time of implant placement, and 10 months later (6 months after implant loading). MBL and thickness of the buccal aspect were evaluated over time.Results: There were 18 patients in the group 1 and 16 patients in the group 2. Analysis of the CBCT scans demonstrated that the mean MBL was 1.21±0.35mm in the group 1 and 1.08±0.19mm in the group 2, with no significant difference between the two groups (p= 0.19). Thickness of the buccal aspect of the augmented site at the time of implant placement was 1.85±0.20mm in the group 1 and 2.16±0.29 mm in the group 2, with a significant difference (p< 0.001). However, data analysis regarding changes in the buccal plate thickness showed no significant difference between the two groups (p= 0.36).Conclusion: According to the results of this study, there was no significant difference in M-BL and post-operative changes in the thickness of the buccal aspect of the augmented sites with onlay lateral ramus bone blocks between simultaneous and delayed implant placement

Intellectual capital efficiency and corporate book value: evidence from Nigerian economy

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the value relevance of intellectual capital (IC) by analysingtherelationshipbetweenICefficiency(ICE)andcorporatebookvalueoflistedfirmsonmainboard of Nigeria Stock Exchange. Design/methodology/approach – This study applies the resource-based theory in formulating two hypotheses that guide the results analysis. By employing a two-step dynamic system generalised method of moments (GMMs), and controlling for the possible endogeneity effect on the parameters estimated, for a sampleof 91 listedfirmson main boardof NigeriaStock Exchange, this studyinvestigates theassociationof ICEandcorporatebookvalue,namely,cashflowfromoperationandeconomicvalueadded(EVA),usingdata over the 2010 to 2014 financial years. Findings – The results show a significant positive relationship between overall ICE and corporate book value (cash flow from operation and EVA). This study contributes to recent evidence concerning the value relevance of IC information to investors and other interested stakeholders. Research limitations/implications – The generalisation of the results to smaller firms, in the alternative securities market, may be inappropriate as study sampled listed firms on the main board of Nigerian Stock Exchange. Practical implications – Those charged with governance should be concerned with the investment and management of IC as it enhances the economic value and operating cash flow in line with the resource-based theory. Originality/value – This study is first to consider the ICE study across all sectors in the Nigerian economy using modified Pulic value added intellectual capital. The study controls for heteroscedasticity and endogeneity issues by adoption of two-step dynamic system GMMs

Compact Circular Polarized Antenna Design with H-Shaped Slots and Stair Notches for Wireless LAN Application of 2.4 GHz

This paper presents the design of a circular polarized antenna for wireless communication system. Firstly, the linear polarization antenna is simulated in the CST Microwave Studio. This linear polarization antenna is designed by using double H-shaped slots, coplanar waveguide (CPW) and stair notches at the patch techniques. Then, the truncated corners at the patch are designed to create a circular polarization antenna. The dimension of this circular polarization antenna is 28 mm width x 33 mm length. Both antennas are designed for a single frequency operation band at 2.4 GHz. The return-loss performance of the circular polarized antenna is - 46.785 dB and – 39.758 dB for each simulation and measurement respectivel

Compact Circular Polarized Antenna Design With H-Shaped Slots And Stair Notches For Wireless LAN Application Of 2.4 GHz

This paper presents the design of a circular polarized antenna for wireless communication system. Firstly, the linear polarization antenna is simulated in the CST Microwave Studio. This linear polarization antenna is designed by using double H-shaped slots, coplanar waveguide (CPW) and stair notches at the patch techniques. Then, the truncated corners at the patch are designed to create a circular polarization antenna. The dimension of this circular polarization antenna is 28 mm width x 33 mm length. Both antennas are designed for a single frequency operation band at 2.4 GHz. The return-loss performance of the circular polarized antenna is - 46.785 dB and – 39.758 dB for each simulation and measurement respectively