2,096 research outputs found
Micellar Aggregates of Gemini Surfactants: Monte Carlo Simulation of a Microscopic Model
We propose a "microscopic" model of gemini surfactants in aqueous solution.
Carrying out extensive Monte Carlo simulations, we study the variation of the
critical micellar concentration (CMC) of these model gemini surfactants with
the variation of the (a) length of the spacer connecting the two hydrophilic
heads, (b) length of the hydrophobic tail and (c) the bending rigidity of the
hydrocarbon chains forming the spacer and the tail; some of the trends of
variation are counter-intuitive but are in excellent agreement with the
available experimental results. Our simulations also elucidate the dependence
of the shapes of the micellar aggregates and the magnitude of the CMC on the
geometrical shape and size of the surfactant molecules and the electrical
charge on the hydrophilic heads
Effect of non-magnetic impurities on the magnetic states of anatase TiO
The electronic and magnetic properties of TiO, TiO,
TiON, and TiOF compounds have been studied
by using \emph{ab initio} electronic structure calculations. TiO is found
to evolve from a wide-band-gap semiconductor to a narrow-band-gap semiconductor
to a half-metallic state and finally to a metallic state with oxygen vacancy,
N-doping and F-doping, respectively. Present work clearly shows the robust
magnetic ground state for N- and F-doped TiO. The N-doping gives rise to
magnetic moment of 0.4 at N-site and 0.1 each at
two neighboring O-sites, whereas F-doping creates a magnetic moment of
0.3 at the nearest Ti atom. Here we also discuss the possible
cause of the observed magnetic states in terms of the spatial electronic charge
distribution of Ti, N and F atoms responsible for bond formation.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures To appear J. Phys.: Condens. Matte
Evolution of the Kondo resonance feature and its relationship to spin-orbit coupling across the quantum critical point in Ce2Rh{1-x}CoxSi3
We investigate the evolution of the electronic structure of Ce2Rh{1-x}CoxSi3
as a function of x employing high resolution photoemission spectroscopy. Co
substitution at the Rh sites in antiferromagnetic Ce2RhSi3 leads to a
transition from an antiferromagnetic system to a Kondo system, Ce2CoSi3 via the
Quantum Critical Point (QCP). High resolution photoemission spectra reveal
distinct signature of the Kondo resonance feature (KRF) and its spin orbit
split component (SOC) in the whole composition range indicating finite Kondo
temperature scale at the quantum critical point. We observe that the intensity
ratio of the Kondo resonance feature and its spin orbit split component,
KRF/SOC gradually increases with the decrease in temperature in the strong
hybridization limit. The scenario gets reversed if the Kondo temperature
becomes lower than the magnetic ordering temperature. While finite Kondo
temperature within the magnetically ordered phase indicates applicability of
the spin density wave picture at the approach to QCP, the dominant temperature
dependence of the spin-orbit coupled feature suggests importance of spin-orbit
interactions in this regime.Comment: 6 figure
Overexpression of the Synthetic Chimeric Native-T-Phylloplanin-GFP Genes Optimized for Monocot and Dicot Plants Renders Enhanced Resistance to Blue Mold Disease in Tobacco (\u3cem\u3eN. Tabacum L.\u3c/em\u3e)
To enhance the natural plant resistance and to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of phylloplanin against blue mold, we have expressed a synthetic chimeric native-phylloplanin-GFP protein fusion in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum cv. KY14, a cultivar that is highly susceptible to infection by Peronospora tabacina. The coding sequence of the tobacco phylloplanin gene along with its native signal peptide was fused with GFP at the carboxy terminus. The synthetic chimeric gene (native-phylloplanin-GFP) was placed between the modified Mirabilis mosaic virus full-length transcript promoter with duplicated enhancer domains and the terminator sequence from the rbcSE9 gene. The chimeric gene, expressed in transgenic tobacco, was stably inherited in successive plant generations as shown by molecular characterization, GFP quantification, and confocal fluorescent microscopy. Transgenic plants were morphologically similar to wild-type plants and showed no deleterious effects due to transgene expression. Blue mold-sensitivity assays of tobacco lines were performed by applying P. tabacina sporangia to the upper leaf surface. Transgenic lines expressing the fused synthetic native-phyllopanin-GFP gene in the leaf apoplast showed resistance to infection. Our results demonstrate that in vivo expression of a synthetic fused native-phylloplanin-GFP gene in plants can potentially achieve natural protection against microbial plant pathogens, including P. tabacina in tobacco
Transport and magnetic behavior under pressure and high-resolution photoemission studies of Ce2Rh(o.7)Co(0.3)Si3, an alloy on the verge of quantum critical point
We report the influence of external pressure on the temperature dependence of
magnetization and electrical resistivity as well as high-resolution
photoemission studies for an alloy, Ce2Rh(0.7)Co(0.3)Si3, ordering magnetically
below 3 K. It is found that the external pressure has the same effect as that
induced by (further) Co substitution for Rh in the series, Ce2Rh(1-x)Co(x)Si3,
resulting in qualitative changes in the features in the magnetic and transport
data, with a suppression of magnetic ordering followed by quantum critical
point effect. The high-resolution spectra reveal signature of Kondo feature at
ambient feature. These findings support the validity of spin-density-wave
picture in this series.Comment: SCES2010 conferenc
Trichomes in segregating generations of sorghum matings. II. Association with shootfly resistance
Trichomed, segregating and trichomeless F3 and F4 lines from four trichomed X trichomeless crosses and their parents were studied in the field in Patancheru. Compared with trichomeless lines, trichomed lines had significantly lower percentages of plants with Atherigona soccata eggs 18 days after emergence and of deadhearts at both 18 and 23 or more days after emergence. The ratio of the difference between the means of trichomed and trichomeless lines for the percentage of deadhearts to the corresponding difference between the parents ranged from 0.16 to 0.92 and exceeded 0.32 in seven of nine comparisons, indicating that trichomes were a major factor in resistance. Means of parents and progenies were regressed on four possible genetic models and results indicated that, besides trichomes, at least two loci that interact with each other were involved in resistance
Trichomes in Segregating Generations of Sorghum Matings. I. Inheritance of Presence and Density
Segregation ratios in successive generations of five single-cross matings between trichomed and trichomeless parents indicated that the presence of leaf trichomes is controlled by a single recessive gene. Inheritance of this character in three crosses among four trichomed parents involved the same locus, designated tr. Trichome density on the abaxial leaf surface varied among trichomed lines from single crosses. Heritability of trichome density between the F3 and F4, estimated in the cross IS1054 X B CK60, was 0.75
Evaluation of hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of Ichnocarpus frutescens (Linn.) R.Br. on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
Purpose: The entire plant including the flowers, of Ichnocarpus frutescens R.Br. (Apocynaceae) has been used for the treatment of cancer, skin infections, diabetes and liver disorder. The present study is aimed at evaluating the hepatoprotective effect of chloroform and methanol extract (CEIF and MEIF) of whole plant of I. frutescens (Linns) by paracetamol-induced liver damage in rats.
Methods: The chloroform and methanolic extracts of I. frutescens (CEIF and MEIF) were studied for their hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects on paracetamol (750mg/kg) induced acute liver damage on Wistar albino rats. The degree of protection was measured by using biochemical parameters such as serum glutamate oxalate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin and total protein. Further, the effects of both extracts on lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were estimated.
Results: CEIF and MEIF at a dose level of 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg produce significant (
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