In Silico Molecular Insights on the Structure-Function Aspects of ACC Deaminase of a Non-Pathogenic Klebsiella Pneumoniae

Bacterial 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase (ACCD) is known to involve in breaking down the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), immediate precursor of ethylene, into a-ketobutyrate and ammonia. This is required when stress (biotic or abiotic) induced ethylene content is accelerated in plant cells resulting in reduction in plant biomass and yield. Klebsiellapneumoniae, although previously considered only as a pathogenic bacteria, there are some strains reported till date to prove it as a plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). ACCD activity has reported from the said strain but the present study is emphasized on its molecular proteomic structures and functions studied in silico. The present work revealed that the ACCD of K. pneumoniae is a 36.5 kDatetrameric stable protein found in intracellular condition. The phylogenetic analysis clearly depicts its similarity with several other ACCD reported from different bacterial genera. The structure-function insight would definitely help future researchers in designing wet lab as well as dry lab experiments

In Silico Structural, Functional and Phylogenetic Analyses of Corynebacterium Aspartokinase: An Enzyme of Aspartate Family of Amino Acids

Aspartokinase is the enzyme of the aspartate family of amino acid biosynthesis that catalyzes first reaction in biosynthesis of Aspartate family. This enzyme has an important role for hyper production of the Lysine or methionine or threonine by microbial fermentation. The present study was undertaken to determine the in silico analysis of the aspartokinase of Corynebacteriumglutamicum. In silicoanalysis ofAspartokinase protein of Corynebacteriumglutamicumrevealed that it is a thermostable, acidic protein having molecular weight of about 45kDa. The 3D structure and protein model with functional characters of this protein has predicted. This computational analysis might assist with useful information required during wet lab experiments

Computational based Structural, Functional and Phylogenetic Analyses Of 3-Deoxy-D-Arabino-Heptulosonate 7-Phosphate (DAHP) Synthase of Corynebacterium Spp

The pathway of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis was initiated by the enzyme DAHP synthase. In this branched biosynthetic pathway phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan are produced. This enzyme was repressed and inhibited by three said end product of aromatic amino acids. The importance of this enzyme is microbial fermentation of aromatic amino acid production. The present study envisaged the in silico analysis of this protein (DAHP synthase). The structural, functional and phylogenetic studies of this protein of Corynebacteriumglutamicum have been determined and it was observed that the protein of interest is a thermostable, acidic protein having molecular weight ranging in between 38.67 to 52.32 kDa

Primary transitional cell carcinoma of bulbar urethra

Primary urethral carcinoma (UC) is a rare entity, and bulbar UCs of transitional cell origin are even rarer. Primary presentation as a scrotal abscess and urethrocutaneous fistula is rarely documented in UC patients. We present a case of a 66-year-old male presenting to emergency department with a scrotal abscess. Following blind incision and drainage, the urethral injury was suspected, and biopsy of suspicious lesion was taken from scrotum which came out to be invasive transitional cell carcinoma. A wide local excision of the tumor was done after workup. Hence, all patients with scrotal abscess and urethrocutaneous fistula should be investigated before performing any blind procedure

Nephrocutaneous fistula due to textiloma with in the pelvicalyceal system

Textiloma or gossypiboma is an embarrassing surgical scenario. Nephrocutaneous fistula is itself a rare complication after renal surgeries, but due to textiloma, it is rarest of the rare. In this case, 30-year-old lady presented with the complaints of chronic seropurulent discharge from a wound on her right lumbar region. On exploration it was found to be a retained surgical sponge in pelvicalyceal system, which was there for last seven years

Adolescent and Adult Hypospadias Repair: A Retrospective Study

Introduction: There is a general consensus that results of hypospadias repair surgery, done on children, seem to have a better outcome when compared to the adults. Hypospadias cases in adults can present as primary or with complications resulting from an attempted repair. Aim: To assess any difference in outcome of surgeries done among the adolescent and adult population and to evaluate the use of a Tunica Vaginalis (TV) second layer barrier flap in preventing complications such as urethrocutaneous fistula. Materials and Methods: This was a single centre retrospective observational assessment of the adolescent and adult hypospadias surgeries conducted at a Tertiary Care Hospital from January 2016 to July 2019. The assessment was based on the presentation, site of hypospadias meatus, previous surgery and development of any complications or recurrence. Routine surgeries as per the hospital protocol were done in these patients. Follow-up was done for the next 12 months. For data analysis tables, columns and pie charts were used. Fisher’sexact test was used to find the association and calculate the p-value with the help of SPSS 21.0 software. Results: Total 28 patients were assessed, of which 17 patients were adolescents (mean age 14.6±1.66 years) and 11 (mean age 22.7±3.51 years) were adult. There was no significant (p-value 0.581) difference in the final outcome of hypospadias repair surgery between the adolescent and adult population. Use of TV interposition barrier flap prevented development of complications. Urethrocutaneous fistula was the most common form of complication noted in both the groups overall rate of complication was 14.2%. Conclusion: When hypospadias repair in adolescents and adults is done in a systematic and meticulous fashion, the outcome was satisfactory and there was no significant difference in outcome among the two age groups. Use of TV flap as a second layer interposition can improve the outcome in such patients

Growth promoting properties of Mycobacterium and Bacillus on rice plants under induced drought

Management of drought stress through application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is now considered as an effective strategy in the present scenario of altered environmental conditions of the world. The aims and objectives of the present investigation was isolation, characterization and identification of some potential microbial resources (PGPR) from drought-affected upland rice fields of South Bengal followed by experimentation on the effect of isolated PGPR on drought induced rice seedlings. Selected isolates were isolated from rice field rhizospheric soils and tested for their PGPR activity, through phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, IAA production and ACC deaminase activity. Then, the selected isolates were identified through 16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Among the screened isolates two (isolate 1 and isolate 6) showing plant growth promoting traits, was applied on studied germplasm (IR64) to find out the influence of the applied organisms on rice growth and development under induced drought. Both organisms showed a positive influence (through increase in germination percentage, root growth, shoot growth, fresh weight and dry weight) on the studied rice growth and development under induced drought. Isolate 1 and 6 identified as species of Mycobacterium sp and Bacillus sp respectively through molecular taxonomy. Hence, these two isolates are expected to alleviate drought stress in the rice field for their nature of plant growth promotion under drought stress

Enormous Disfiguring Thyroid Swelling

A 35 year old woman presented to us with a huge thyroid swelling (17 × 11 × 14 cm) in front of her neck which she had for the last 10 years. She was not toxic or dyspnoeic. It was multinodular with areas of firmness and cystic feeling. She had some degree of tracheal compression but no intra thoracic extension as confirmed by a CT scan of the neck. Endotracheal intubaton was done and she was operated on using a long transverse incision with division of the strap muscles for better exposure. She did not need a tracheostomy and the post operative period was uneventful. The histopathological revealed a goitre

Roundworm in a Chest Drain

A 19 year old man who suffered a stab injury in the epigastric region and had a chest drain was referred to our accident and emergency department. A chest x-ray showed left sided opacities with fundic gas in the region of the left hemithorax.A roundworm was seen in the chest tube. An exploratory laparotomy revealed a diaphragmatic tear with a laceration of the anterior wall of the stomach from which multiple roundworms were coming out and had entered the pleural cavity and then the chest drain. The tears were repaired and abdomen closed. The patient is doing well

Probing enzyme location in water-in-oil microemulsion using enzyme–carbon dot conjugates

This article delineates the formation and characterization of different enzyme–carbon dot conjugates in aqueous medium (pH = 7.0). We used soybean peroxidase (SBP), Chromobacterium viscosum (CV) lipase, trypsin, and cytochrome c (cyt c) for the formation of conjugate either with cationic carbon dot (CCD) or anionic carbon dot (ACD) depending on the overall charge of the protein at pH 7.0. These nanobioconjugates were used to probe the location of enzymes in water-in-oil (w/o) microemulsion. The size of the synthesized water-soluble carbon dots were of 2–3 nm with distinctive emission property. The formation of enzyme/protein–carbon dot conjugates in aqueous buffer was confirmed via fluorescence spectroscopy and zeta potential measurement, and the structural alteration of enzyme/protein was monitored by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Biocatalytic activities of protein/enzymes in conjugation with carbon dots were found to be decreased in aqueous phosphate buffer (pH 7.0, 25 mM). Interestingly, the catalytic activity of the nanobioconjugates of SBP, CV lipase, and cyt c did not reduce in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-based reverse micelle. It indicates different localization of carbon dots and the enzymes inside the reverse micelle. The hydrophilic carbon dots always preferred to be located in the water pool of reverse micelle, and thus, enzyme must be located away from the water pool, which is the interface. However, in case of trypsin–carbon dot conjugate, the enzyme activity notably decreased in reverse micelle in the presence of carbon dot in a similar way that was observed in water. This implies that trypsin and carbon dots both must be located at the same place, which is the water pool of reverse micelle. Carbon dot induced deactivation was not observed for those enzymes which stay away from the water pool and localized at the interfacial domain while deactivation is observed for those enzymes which reside at the water pool. Thus, the location of enzymes in the microdomain of w/o microemulsion can be predicted by comparing the activity profile of enzyme–carbon dot conjugate in water and w/o microemulsion