Redefining the Concept of Learning in Cooperative Extension

For Extension educational programs to meet the educational needs of today\u27s youths, families, and communities, Extension needs to expand what counts as learning. The purpose of this article is to define learning in the context of Extension. We summarize key aspects of the educational research literature by comparing two prevailing metaphors for learning: acquisition and participation. On the basis of the two metaphors, we developed a definition of learning, and we discuss the related implications for program and curriculum development, pedagogy, professional development, and assessment of learning

Sustainable Polymers: New 4-H STEM Curricula

There are many environmental issues surrounding the global production and use of plastics. Three science curricula (Grades K-2, 3-5, and 6-8) were developed to introduce youth to the past, present, and future of plastics. Designed using research-based methods and grounded in effective science pedagogy, the curricula provide young people opportunities to explore viable alternatives to plastics and develop knowledge and skills necessary to help mitigate environmental impacts associated with the production, use and disposal of plastics. Evaluation results demonstrated that youth improved their understanding of polymers and intention to help reduce impacts of plastics on the environment

Comparisons of Professional Development Approaches for Out-of-School Time Educators

Out-of-school time educators benefit directly from effective professional development that advances their knowledge and skills. This publication looks at five approaches to professional development, so educators and programs can make informed decisions about which is best for their needs