Investigation of fluorescent properties of plasma exosomes in diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer

Exosomes of blood plasma were studied using multiphoton tomography (two-photon microscopy). Exosomes were isolated in patients with colorectal cancer and in healthy donors. Images of fluorescence of exosomes were obtained at a wavelength of 760 nm and second harmonic generation at a wavelength of 380 nm. As a result of the analysis of the obtained data, qualitative differences were found between samples from patients with colorectal cancer and healthy donors

Extension Education Drives Economic Stimulus Through Trade Adjustment Assistance for Farmers

Trade Adjustment Assistance for Farmers (TAAF) is a national multifaceted USDA program that provided technical and financial assistance to farmers and fishermen adversely affected by import competition. This article describes how Extension was successfully mobilized to deliver the TAAF program to 10,983 producers across the nation using innovative education technologies to achieve program objectives and improve the economic well-being of participating farmers and fisherman. The innovative technologies included online curricula and business planning, the use of personal business planning consultants, and linking Extension education outcomes to financial assistance payments that producers used primarily to invest in their business

Исследование спектрально- кинетических характеристик люминофоров переменного состава на основе алюмоиттриевого граната

В процессе исследования проводились сбор, обработка и систематизация литературных данных об основных характеристиках, предъявляемых к люминофорам для светодиодов белого свечения, освоена методика измерения спектрально – кинетических характеристик люминофоров, проведен экономический анализ работы, также были определены мероприятия по технике безопасности. В результате исследования были получены экспериментальные результаты спектрально – кинетических характеристик исследуемых люминофоров переменного состава, сделаны выводы о влиянии концентрации спекающей добавки в составе люминофора.Nowadays,YAG:Ce3+ phosphors are the most widely used yellow LED because of its appropriate spectral property. The research of this work is to study the influence of the flux on the morphology of the YAG phosphors particles. As a result, the spectral and kinetic characteristics of the YAG:Ce3+ phosphors of variable composition were obtained

Low-Saturated-Fat Soybean Oil Reduces Saturated Fat In School Menus

This study evaluated the impact of using low-saturated-fat soybean {Glycine max (L.) Merr.} oil on the saturated fat content of school menus. Seventy-six weekly menus were obtained from the Iowa Department of Education during School Meals Initiative reviews for the 1996-1997 school year. Three modifications were performed on school menus using the Nuttikids computer program: Low-saturated- fat (LSF) soybean oil replaced traditional vegetable oil in menu items; LSF soybean oil was substituted for traditional vegetable oil, solid fats, and egg yolks in recipes; and a menu simulation was conducted where oils and solid fats used in menu items were postulated to contain no saturated fat. Saturated fat content (grams and percentage of energy) was assessed at baseline and after each modification. Total fat (grams and percentage of energy) was assessed at baseline and after the second modification. Saturated fat and total fat decreased significantly from baseline following the second modification. After the second modification, 47% of menus met the dietary guideline for saturated fat compared with 32% of menus at baseline. Results suggested that LSF soybean oil improved the nutritional quality of school menus when substituted for traditional vegetable oil and solid fats in recipes

Dementia risk and dynamic response to exercise: A non-randomized clinical trial

A grant from the One-University Open Access Fund at the University of Kansas was used to defray the author's publication fees in this Open Access journal. The Open Access Fund, administered by librarians from the KU, KU Law, and KUMC libraries, is made possible by contributions from the offices of KU Provost, KU Vice Chancellor for Research & Graduate Studies, and KUMC Vice Chancellor for Research. For more information about the Open Access Fund, please see http://library.kumc.edu/authors-fund.xml.Background Physical exercise may support brain health and cognition over the course of typical aging. The goal of this nonrandomized clinical trial was to examine the effect of an acute bout of aerobic exercise on brain blood flow and blood neurotrophic factors associated with exercise response and brain function in older adults with and without possession of the Apolipoprotein epsilon 4 (APOE4) allele, a genetic risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s. We hypothesized that older adult APOE4 carriers would have lower cerebral blood flow regulation and would demonstrate blunted neurotrophic response to exercise compared to noncarriers. Methods Sixty-two older adults (73±5 years old, 41 female [67%]) consented to this prospectively enrolling clinical trial, utilizing a single arm, single visit, experimental design, with post-hoc assessment of difference in outcomes based on APOE4 carriership. All participants completed a single 15-minute bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise. The primary outcome measure was change in cortical gray matter cerebral blood flow in cortical gray matter measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) arterial spin labeling (ASL), defined as the total perfusion (area under the curve, AUC) following exercise. Secondary outcomes were changes in blood neurotrophin concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Results Genotyping failed in one individual (n = 23 APOE4 carriers and n = 38 APOE4 non-carriers) and two participants could not complete primary outcome testing. Cerebral blood flow AUC increased immediately following exercise, regardless of APOE4 carrier status. In an exploratory regional analyses, we found that cerebral blood flow increased in hippocampal brain regions, while showing no change in cerebellum across both groups. Among high inter-individual variability, there were no significant changes in any of the 3 neurotrophic factors for either group immediately following exercise. Conclusions Our findings show that both APOE4 carriers and non-carriers show similar effects of exercise-induced increases in cerebral blood flow and neurotrophic response to acute aerobic exercise. Our results provide further evidence that acute exercise-induced increases in cerebral blood flow may be regional specific, and that exercise-induced neurotrophin release may show a differential effect in the aging cardiovascular system. Results from this study provide an initial characterization of the acute brain blood flow and neurotrophin responses to a bout of exercise in older adults with and without this known risk allele for cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer’s disease

Combined coronary and late-enhanced multidetector-computed tomography for delineation of the etiology of left ventricular dysfunction: comparison with coronary angiography and contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

AIMS: To evaluate whether comprehensive evaluation of coronary anatomy and delayed enhancement (DE) by multidetector-computed tomography (MDCT) would allow determination of etiology of left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) as compared with coronary angiography (CA) and DE-magnetic resonance (CMR). METHODS AND RESULTS: Seventy-one consecutive patients (50 males, 59 +/- 16 years) with LVD (ejection fraction: 26 +/- 11%) of unknown etiology underwent MDCT, LGE (late Gd-DTPA-enhanced)-CMR and CA. Patients were classified into four groups according to coronary artery disease (CAD) by CA and LGE-CMR patterns. Patients (n = 24) with CAD and transmural or sub-endocardial DE by CMR were considered having definite ischaemic LVD (group 1). Patients (n = 36) without CAD by CA and with no/atypical LGE-CMR were considered non-ischaemic LVD (group 2). Further we identified four patients with transmural DE but no CAD (group 3) and seven patients with CAD but no DE (group 4). On per-patient basis, combined coronary and DE-MDCT had excellent agreement (kappa = 0.89; P < 0.001) with CA/LGE-CMR to classify patients into the same four groups. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MDCT were 97, 92 and 94%, respectively for detecting patients with definite (group 1) or likely (groups 3 and 4) ischaemic LVD. CONCLUSION: Combined coronary and DE-MDCT can accurately differentiate ischaemic vs. non-ischaemic etiology of LVD