Nanofluid: New Fluids by Nanotechnology

Recently, nanotechnology has played a major part in multifields of heat transfer processes and developed a remarkable progress in the energy applications. One of the most plausible applications of nanotechnology is to produce nanoparticles of high thermal conductivity and mixing with the base fluids that transfer energy forming what is called nanofluids. Adding of nanoparticles to the base fluid shows a remarkable enhancement of the thermal properties of the base properties. Nanotechnology has greatly improved the science of heat transfer by improving the properties of the energy-transmitting fluids. A high heat transfer could be obtained through the creation of innovative fluid (nanofluids). This also reduces the size of heat transfer equipment and saves energy

Enhanced Torsion Mechanism of Small-Scale Reinforced Concrete Beams with Spiral Transverse Reinforcement

The nonlinear torsional behaviour of small-scale reinforced concrete (RC) beams with continuous staggered spiral as transverse reinforcement stirrups is experimentally investigated. Twelve miniatures RC beams were tested under torsion load considering the closed shape of stirrups and compared with continuous staggered spiral ones. All miniatures beams were scaled down to be one-eighth the prototype beam size. The main parameters considered in this research are stirrup spacing and its configurations. Small scale RC beams were taken into account in the existing study because of their construction simplicity and financial feasibility. Mortar without coarse aggregate was applied instead of concrete to reduce the size effect of applying small scale models. Ongoing research trials have been carried out to obtain an efficacious approach to boost torsion failure mechanisms because brittle torsion failure of RC structural elements should be avoided. This study emphasized boosted torsion capacity, dissipated energy, and helical crack propagation. During testing, the primary cracking torsion moment, ultimate torsion moment, peak twist angle, and failure mechanism of the beams were inspected. The use of spiral stirrups showed great enhancement of the torsional behaviour of samples. It was observed that using spiral stirrups rather than closed stirrups could result in a substantial increase in torsion capacity and dissipated energy of 87.7% and 89.8%, respectively. As a result, the predicted capacities of the RC beams prototype were estimated in detail, taking account the scale down factor implemented by the authors. Values obtained based on international specifications and guidelines were used to compare the experimental results. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-11-019 Full Text: PD

El surrealismo en la obra poética de Federico García Lorca

The main objective of this investigation is the retrieval of the study of possible Surrealism in Federico García Lorcás poetic work, a poet who enjoyed in his time prestige and international fame for decades, and still does. Numerous articles in magazines and newspapers of his time speak of his writings, literary activities and stand as a testimony of how well-regarded he was during his lifetime and even after his tragic murder death at the hands of fascists right after the outbreak of the Spanish civil war back in July 1936. Nevertheless, and for diverse reasons, literary ,social, as well as the extent of the studies, researches and abundant biographies about him, the study of Surrealism in all his works, such as in his playwrights for instance, has not been sufficiently expanded, and has been overlooked by the extensive bibliographies written about him. We have limited the investigation to his poetic works only. The extensive bibliographies written about him, is a fact that hindered and held back our efforts, as we had to resort to resources from different libraries, such as the Faculty of Philology of the UCM General Library, the Faculty of Information Science, the Student Residence, as well as the National Library. In addition to the analysis and commentary of his works, not to mention that current publications on him, various literary magazines and articles from the poet’s time have been consulted as well..

Nurses' Perceptions of Patient Safety Culture in Intensive Care Units: A Cross-Sectional Study

BACKGROUND: Patient safety culture is a relatively new focus where little is known about its current status in Egypt’s teaching hospitals, mainly intensive care units (ICUs). Therefore, the authors of this study attempted to assess the patient safety culture dimensions from the nurses’ perspective. METHODS: An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted in two ICUs (pediatric ICU and adult ICU) at the University Hospital over 3 months from October till December 2018. Sixty nurses were interviewed using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture. RESULTS: The current study findings revealed an average positive response to individual items ranging from 6% to 51%. The “Organizational learning†dimension had the highest average percent positive patient safety dimension score (51%) among all respondents, while the “Frequency of events reported†dimension had the lowest one (6%). No statistically significant difference was reported between the pediatric and adult ICUs for all mean scores except for the “Non-punitive response to error†dimension which was reported to be greater in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) compared to adult ICU (P < 0.005). The overall patient safety grade was rated acceptable by 47.5% of the interviewed nurses. CONCLUSION: The current study shows that patient safety is fragile in ICUs, and more effort is recommended to increase the awareness of health care providers. Also, hospital managers need to enhance the performance and practices of patient safety within a non-punitive reporting environment

Benign prostatic hyperplasia: Enucleation versus resection using plasmakinetic energy: a prospective randomized study at Zagazig University Hospital

Background: Transuretheral resection of the prostate (TURP) has been the gold standard endoscopic treatment for bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). New technologies have been developed to minimize the morbidity of TURP. Recently, the Gyrus Plasma Kinetic (PK) System is the first bipolar device used in urological practice, as a new modality in treatment of BPH.Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of plasmakinetic enucleation compared to plasmakinetic resection of the prostate in the management of BOO induced by BPH. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted on 58 volunteers from Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University between January 2018, and January 2020. Patients were randomized to either plasmakinetic enucleation of the prostate (PKEP) group or plasmakinetic resection of the prostate (PKRP) group. All patients were indicated for surgical treatment (prostate size ≥ 60 g and ≤ 120 g). Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups preoperatively. PKEP resulted in a greater volume of prostatic tissue removal than the PKRP. Tissue retrieved/total operative time in PKEP group was greater than in PKRP group (0.69 gm/min vs 0.67 gm/min respectively). The mean indwelling uretheral catheter time was shorter in PKEP group (34.7 ±4.40 hrs.) than in PKRP (48.79 ±4.31 hrs.). Regarding postoperative complication (early and late), there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups.Conclusions: We concluded that regarding, surgical safety and efficacy PKEP is comparable to PKRP for prostates (60-120 ml). Either PKEP or PKRP can be on an equal footing to TURP as an endoscopic management of BP

Gumbel-Softmax Selective Networks

ML models often operate within the context of a larger system that can adapt its response when the ML model is uncertain, such as falling back on safe defaults or a human in the loop. This commonly encountered operational context calls for principled techniques for training ML models with the option to abstain from predicting when uncertain. Selective neural networks are trained with an integrated option to abstain, allowing them to learn to recognize and optimize for the subset of the data distribution for which confident predictions can be made. However, optimizing selective networks is challenging due to the non-differentiability of the binary selection function (the discrete decision of whether to predict or abstain). This paper presents a general method for training selective networks that leverages the Gumbel-softmax reparameterization trick to enable selection within an end-to-end differentiable training framework. Experiments on public datasets demonstrate the potential of Gumbel-softmax selective networks for selective regression and classification

Petrochemistry, petrogenesis and classification of Um Huqab, Garf and El-Mueilha granitic masses, Southeastern Desert, Egypt

The granitic masses of Um Huqab, Garf and El-Mueilha Southeastern Desert, Egypt, and belonging to synorogenic, late- and post-orogenic cycles are examined. Petrochemical characters based on major elements data of 13 newly analysed samples are clarified. Behaviour of major elements is discussed and chemical and modal classifications are presented based on normative feldspars and modal composition. Petrographical and petrochepiical data suggest a magmatic origin for the examined granitic rocks. El-Mueilha granitic mass suffered along the peripheral parts, as well as along faults leading to albitization