Juvenile pleomorphic adenoma of the cheek: a case report and review of literature

Pleomorphic adenoma, also called benign mixed tumor, is the most common tumor of the salivary glands. About 90% of these tumors occur in the parotid gland and 10% in the minor salivary glands. The most common sites of pleomorphic adenoma of the minor salivary glands are the palates followed by lips and cheeks. Other rare sites include the throat, floor of the mouth, tongue, tonsil, pharynx, retromolar area and nasal cavity. In children, intraoral pleomorphic adenomas of the cheek are extremely rare with only three cases reported to date. Here we report a case of pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary glands of the cheek in a 17-year-old girl. The mass was removed by wide local excision with adequate margins, and after a follow-up period of three years there were no recurrences. To conclude, pleomorphic adenoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cheek masses in youngsters. Wide local excision is to be recommended as the treatment of choice. A close follow-up is necessary postoperatively

The Effect of Collimator Diameters on Buildup Factor by using Gamma – Gamma Coincidence System

In this work buildup factor of aluminum and copper samples was studied for different thickness using a  gamma _  gamma coincidence technique and by use two collimator 10 and 7 mm, buildup factor  was calculated for thickness ranged between ( 0 - 9.6 ) cm of aluminum and ( 0 - 4.0 ) cm of copper  using  Na - 22  source with activity of   ( 1 micro Curie ) with single energy ( 0.511 MeV ) and by using ( 3 "× 3" ) sodium iodide detector  NaI (TI). The results showed that buildup factor was more accuracy when we used small diameter because this will decrease the scattering ray which make our calculations more acute for buildup factor which is very important in shielding process for gamma ray. Keywords: Buildup factor, Gamma ray, Shield, Coincidence

Inertial amplification of continuous structures: Large band gaps from small masses

Wave motion in a continuous elastic rod with a periodically attached inertial-amplification mechanism is investigated. The mechanism has properties similar to an "inerter" typically used in vehicle suspensions, however here it is constructed and utilized in a manner that alters the intrinsic properties of a continuous structure. The elastodynamic band structure of the hybrid rod-mechanism structure yields band gaps that are exceedingly wide and deep when compared to what can be obtained using standard local resonators, while still being low in frequency. With this concept, a large band gap may be realized with as much as twenty times less added mass compared to what is needed in a standard local resonator configuration. The emerging inertially enhanced continuous structure also exhibits unique qualitative features in its dispersion curves. These include the existence of a characteristic double-peak in the attenuation constant profile within gaps and the possibility of coalescence of two neighbouring gaps creating a large contiguous gap.Comment: Manuscript is under review for journal publicatio

Ultrawide phononic band gap for combined in-plane and out-of-plane waves

We consider two-dimensional phononic crystals formed from silicon and voids, and present optimized unit cell designs for (1) out-of-plane, (2) in-plane and (3) combined out-of-plane and in-plane elastic wave propagation. To feasibly search through an excessively large design space (10e40 possible realizations) we develop a specialized genetic algorithm and utilize it in conjunction with the reduced Bloch mode expansion method for fast band structure calculations. Focusing on high symmetry plain-strain square lattices, we report unit cell designs exhibiting record values of normalized band-gap size for all three categories. For the combined polarizations case, we reveal a design with a normalized band-gap size exceeding 60%.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, submitted for journal publicatio

Dental implant imaging: What do South African dentists and dental specialists prefer?

To document the types of imaging modalities that are commonly prescribed during dental implant therapy in South Africa. The radiographic preferences were obtained from practitioners via an electronic survey that was disseminated during local dental conferences, electronic channels (e.g., email lists) of multiple dental schools and local dental scientific societies, and personal interviews. The survey consisted of multiple-choice questions which were designed to investigate the most common radiographic prescriptions during various treatment phases of implant therapy. The responses of one hundred and forty-two participants (General practitioners and dental specialists) practising in different South African provinces were collected and assessed. Principally, panoramic radiographs combined with cone beam computed tomography (PAN + CBCT) followed by CBCT, as a single examination (ASE), were the most preferable modalities during the implant planning phase (39% and 29%, respectively). During and directly after the surgery, periapical radiographs (ASE) were the most preferred (87% and 65%, respectively). The most widely preferred radiographic examination during the planning of implants was panoramic radiographs combined with CBCT. Periapical radiographs (ASE) were favoured during, directly after the treatment, and during the follow-up of asymptomatic patients by the majority of participants. However, CBCT (ASE) was preferred in the follow up of symptomatic patients. Factors related to extra anatomical information and superior dimensional accuracy provided by three-dimensional volumes (e.g., CBCT volumes), were the most indicated influencing factors on the radiographic prescriptions during implant planning

Differentiating Clayey Soil Layers from Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) and Induced Polarization (IP)

Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) method is one of the most promising techniques which is well suited for the applications in the fields of geohydrology, environmental science and engineering. The present work is aimed to show the efficiency of 2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) and Induced Polarization (IP) in probing the subsurface soil for site investigation and differentiating the clayey soil layers as it is a common practice to measure the IP sounding along with resistivity for correct interpretation of field data. The study has demonstrated the practical application of 2D ERI and IP tomography along 7 lines using Wenner- Schlumberger array. The data analysis comprises of 2D inversions using the RES2DINV software, thus 2D electrical resistivity and IP imaging sections have been obtained. The depth of investigation was 4 m, and resistivity values range from electrical layers were recognized: the upper layer with high resistivity (7-71 ohm.m) represents the loamy soil extends to a depth around 1.3 m; and the second layer with low resistivity ( high electric zones are appeared reflecting the inhomogeneity in deposits. The IP values are ranging from -2 to 17 mV/V showing good confirmation with resistivity data, where high chargeability are associated with low resistivity. The study reveals that combining IP with resistivity surveys is recommended since IP is, sometimes, very effective in relieving ambiguity in interpretation

Numerical Analysis of Piled Raft Foundation on Clayey Soil

The piled raft foundations allow an increase in the load capacity and reduction of settlements in a very economic way as compared with the traditional foundation concepts. Due to the development of structures that use piled rafts as a foundation system, an extensive numerical modeling study was performed considering different factors and conditions. This study highlights the percentage ratio of bearing loads between the pile and the pile cap (raft). Present modeling results obtained by computer program (Plaxis 3D Foundation V 1.1) have been verified with an experimental work of the same problem using the same configuration but extended to include 8 and 16 piles with raft for different soil layers. In addition, a comparison of the present results is achieved with another a theoretical study using the program (Ansys). The finite element method through Plaxis program evaluates the effect of parameter on the load-settlement behavior of the piled raft foundation. The effect of spacing between piles on the load-settlement behavior of the piled raft foundation was also studied. The percentage of the load carried by piles to the total applied load of the numerical model for case sixteen piles with raft is around 42%. The contribution to carry the load of piles relative to the total load is decrease with the increase of the spacing to diameter ratio. The percentage of the load carrying for piled raft for the case of two piles with raft only decreases about 23% when the spacing between piles increases from 3 to 10 times pile diameters

Influence of Storage Temperature and Duration of Tomato Leaf Samples on Proline Content

In arid and semi-arid countries such as Jordan, shortage in water sources might affect agricultural development and reduces the effectiveness of economic benefits of most crops planted in such areas. Tomato is an important agricultural crop and faces severe drought stress due to climate changes, therefore, measurement of proline accumulation in plant tissues is used as an indicator for drought stress tolerance. This research was conducted at Jarash University Campus in northern Jordan. A field experiment was carried out to investigate the impact of different storage temperature (+4ºC, - 20ºC and -80ºC) and different storage durations (0, 3, 6 and 11 weeks) on proline content in five different Jordanian tomato landraces. Results indicated that the average free proline content for samples tested directly after leaves collection was 7.1 µmol/g. Proline content in leaves stored at +4 ºC for 3, 6, and 11 weeks was 4.8, 1.8, and 1.1µmol/g, respectively, while for -20ºC was 11.8, 7.9, and 9.5 µmol/g for samples stored for 3, 6, 11 weeks respectively. In contrast the highest values for these parameters were obtained from samples stored at -80ºC, the average measured values of free proline content were 9.5, 7.8, and 12.9 µmol/g at 3, 6, and 11 weeks of storage, respectively. Based on the results obtained by this research, it is recommended to measure proline content directly after leaves collection. However, for large number of samples, keeping the samples at -20ºC not longer than six weeks could be a solution. Finally, we highly recommend the development of in-field method for measurement of free proline content

Preservation of endopelvic fascia, puboprostatic ligaments, dorsal venous complex and hydrodissection of the neurovascular bundles during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a video demonstration and propensity score matched outcomes

Introduction: We sought to report the oncologic and functional outcomes of endopelvic fascia (EPF), puboprostatic ligaments (PPL), and dorsal venous complex (DVC) preservation with hydrodissection of the neurovascular bundles (NVB) during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of our prospectively maintained prostate cancer database was performed. Patients who underwent bilateral or unilateral nerve sparing were identified. Propensity score matching was performed in a ratio of 1:1.6 between new technique (Group 1) and a historical group (Group 2). Data were reviewed for perioperative, oncologic, and functional outcomes. Cumulative incidence curves were used to depict perfect continence (0 pads), social continence (0-1 pads), and potency (SHIM≥17 with or without erectile aids). Multivariate models were used to elicit variables associated with continence and potency. Results: 76 patients in Group 1 and 126 patients in Group 2 were included. Median follow up was 17 months. Group 1 showed higher perfect continence rates at 1 month (9% vs 3%), 3 months (24% vs 19%), and 6 months (54% vs 34%) compared to Group 2 respectively (log rank p\u3c0.01). Group 1 also showed higher social continence rates at 1 month (15% vs 3%), 3 months (77% vs 32%), and 6 months (87% vs 53%) compared to Group 2 respectively (log rank p\u3c0.01). Group 1 had a similar potency rate compared to Group 2 (log rank p=0.25). Multivariate analysis showed that Group 1 was associated with improved perfect (Possibility ratio (PR) 1.82, 95% CI 1.29–2.58, p\u3c0.01) and social continence (PR 2.54, 95% CI 1.83 – 3.52, p\u3c0.01), but not potency. Conclusions: EPF, PPL, and DVC preservation with hydrodissection of the NVB offered similar oncological outcomes, but earlier and improved urinary continence rates compared to standard dissection