Perubahan Kanji dan Gula dalam Proses Kematangan Buah-buahan.

The content of starch and total SU/lars in bananas, papayas and oranges at different ages and stages of maturity have been determined. In all the fruits studied, the starch content was found to be high in y·ounger fr~its and then began to decrease as the fruits matured and ripened. Comparing all the three types of fruits studied, bananas seemed to have the highest starch content followed by papayas and oranges. The levels of sugars, on the other hand, were initially low, then continue to increase until the ripening stage. Papayas (particularly the yellow flesh) appeared to have the highest concentration of sugars, followed by Pisang Berangan, oranges and Pisang Nangka. The rates of starch and sugar changes varied with fruit types and varietie

Properties of glutamate dehydrogenase in developing legume fruit. II.The effects of divalent cations.

The activity of EDTA-inhibited glutamate dehydrogenase from a crude seed extract of Lupinus angustifolius could be partially or fully restored by the addition of divalent cations to the incubation mixture. Mn2+ and Ca2+ gave the highest stimulations of 67% and 66% of the control, respectively; followed by Zn2+ (59%), Co2+ (55%), Mg2+ (53%) and Cu 2 + (49%). The Mn-deficient enzyme was more sensitive to manganese and more stimulated at a lower manganese concentration than the Mn-sufficient enzyme. However, Mn-deficient enzyme achieved a maximum activity of 91% at 1.4mM Mn2+ while Mn-sufficient enzyme achieved a maximum activity of 105% of control at 2.0mM

Properties of glutamate dehydrogenase in developing legume fruit. I. The effects of chelating agents

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of EDTA. and Chelex-lOO on the glutamate dehydrogenase activity from a crude extract of the developing seeds of Lupinus angustifolius. The enzyme was not inhibited by Chelex-lOO; instead it was highly stimulated and its activity, when treated with Chelex-lOO, was higher than that of the control. Glutamate dehydrogenase, however, was inhibited by 5mM EDTA, stimulated at 30mM EDTA, and inhibited again at 45mM EDTA

Growth Characteristics and Production of Physalins from Physalis minima Hairy Roots in Shake Flasks

This report described the growth characteristics and production of physalins from Physalis minima hairy roots in shake fl ask culture. The presence of lateral branches in the inoculum had a negligible effect on the fi nal root biomass dry weight (DW), specifi c growth rate (μ), doubling time (td) and production of physalins. However, excising the primary and lateral root tips reduced μ and the total root length but not the fi nal biomass. Mature root tissues were observed to accumulate more physalin B and F (1.55 and 3.74 mg.g-1 DW, respectively) compared to the root tips (0.65 and 1.47 mg.g-1 DW, respectively). Increasing the number of root tips from 2 to 12 and the medium volume signifi cantly reduced μ and extended td. Decreasing the medium volume with a small number of inocula reduced td, improved the biomass and production of physalins and μ. Using a 100 mL fl ask, four root tips cultured in 25 mL medium provided the optimum conditions for biomass (0.24 g DW) and production of physalins (1.68–3.5 mg.g-1 DW)