Особенности строения сеноманской газоконденсатной залежи на Заполярном месторождении (ЯНАО)

By focusing fs-laser radiation in the volume of a transparent material the refractive index can be changed locally, leading to 3-dimensional waveguiding structures. Waveguides are written in phosphate glass (IOG from Schott) at a depth of 100 µm below the surface. The pulse energy and the scan velocity are varied. For the first time the optical path difference caused by the waveguides and therefore the refractive index distribution of the waveguides and their cross sections are determined using interference microscopy. The optical path difference measured in the written structures and their cross sections is analyzed by a phase-shift algorithm. Thus, the refractive index distribution both along a line perpendicular to the waveguide and in the plane of a cross section is determined. The results are visualized as 2-dimensional graphics. Several regions of opposite sign of the refractive index change are observed in the cross sections of waveguides generated by femtosecond laser pulses. The number and the size of these regions are increasing with increasing pulse energy and decreasing scan velocity

Precision Techniques and Agriculture 4.0 Technologies to Promote Sustainability in the Coffee Sector: State of the Art, Challenges and Future Trends

Precision Agriculture (PA) and Agriculture 4.0 (A4.0) have been widely discussed as a medium to address the challenges related to agricultural production. In this research, we present a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) supported by a Bibliometric Performance and Network Analysis (BPNA) of the use of A4.0 technologies and PA techniques in the coffee sector. To perform the SLR, 87 documents published since 2011 were extracted from the Scopus and Web of Science databases and processed through the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) protocol. The BPNA was carried out to identify the strategic themes in the field of study. The results present 23 clusters with different levels of development and maturity. We also discovered and presented the thematic network structure of the most used A4.0 technologies in the coffee sector. Our findings shows that Internet of Things, Machine Learning and geostatistics are the most used technologies in the coffee sector, we also present the main challenges and trends related to technological adoption in coffee systems. We believe that the demonstrated results have the potential to be considered by researchers in future works and decision making related to the field of study

Tyrosine kinase chromosomal translocations mediate distinct and overlapping gene regulation events

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Leukemia is a heterogeneous disease commonly associated with recurrent chromosomal translocations that involve tyrosine kinases including BCR-ABL, TEL-PDGFRB and TEL-JAK2. Most studies on the activated tyrosine kinases have focused on proximal signaling events, but little is known about gene transcription regulated by these fusions.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Oligonucleotide microarray was performed to compare mRNA changes attributable to BCR-ABL, TEL-PDGFRB and TEL-JAK2 after 1 week of activation of each fusion in Ba/F3 cell lines. Imatinib was used to control the activation of BCR-ABL and TEL-PDGFRB, and TEL-JAK2-mediated gene expression was examined 1 week after Ba/F3-TEL-JAK2 cells were switched to factor-independent conditions.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Microarray analysis revealed between 800 to 2000 genes induced or suppressed by two-fold or greater by each tyrosine kinase, with a subset of these genes commonly induced or suppressed among the three fusions. Validation by Quantitative PCR confirmed that eight genes (Dok2, Mrvi1, Isg20, Id1, gp49b, Cxcl10, Scinderin, and collagen Vα1(Col5a1)) displayed an overlapping regulation among the three tested fusion proteins. Stat1 and Gbp1 were induced uniquely by TEL-PDGFRB.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our results suggest that BCR-ABL, TEL-PDGFRB and TEL-JAK2 regulate distinct and overlapping gene transcription profiles. Many of the genes identified are known to be involved in processes associated with leukemogenesis, including cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. This study offers the basis for further work that could lead to an understanding of the specificity of diseases caused by these three chromosomal translocations.</p

Effects of Anacetrapib in Patients with Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease

BACKGROUND: Patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease remain at high risk for cardiovascular events despite effective statin-based treatment of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. The inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) by anacetrapib reduces LDL cholesterol levels and increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. However, trials of other CETP inhibitors have shown neutral or adverse effects on cardiovascular outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 30,449 adults with atherosclerotic vascular disease who were receiving intensive atorvastatin therapy and who had a mean LDL cholesterol level of 61 mg per deciliter (1.58 mmol per liter), a mean non-HDL cholesterol level of 92 mg per deciliter (2.38 mmol per liter), and a mean HDL cholesterol level of 40 mg per deciliter (1.03 mmol per liter). The patients were assigned to receive either 100 mg of anacetrapib once daily (15,225 patients) or matching placebo (15,224 patients). The primary outcome was the first major coronary event, a composite of coronary death, myocardial infarction, or coronary revascularization. RESULTS: During the median follow-up period of 4.1 years, the primary outcome occurred in significantly fewer patients in the anacetrapib group than in the placebo group (1640 of 15,225 patients [10.8%] vs. 1803 of 15,224 patients [11.8%]; rate ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.85 to 0.97; P=0.004). The relative difference in risk was similar across multiple prespecified subgroups. At the trial midpoint, the mean level of HDL cholesterol was higher by 43 mg per deciliter (1.12 mmol per liter) in the anacetrapib group than in the placebo group (a relative difference of 104%), and the mean level of non-HDL cholesterol was lower by 17 mg per deciliter (0.44 mmol per liter), a relative difference of -18%. There were no significant between-group differences in the risk of death, cancer, or other serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease who were receiving intensive statin therapy, the use of anacetrapib resulted in a lower incidence of major coronary events than the use of placebo. (Funded by Merck and others; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN48678192 ; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01252953 ; and EudraCT number, 2010-023467-18 .)

Wo ist das (gute) alte Leben hin? Doing Family und Vereinbarkeitsmanagement in der Corona-Krise

Um der Frage nachzugehen, wie während der Corona-Pandemie Erwerbs- und Sorgearbeit vereinbart werden, analysiert dieser Beitrag die Situation von Eltern mit Kindern unter zwölf Jahren aus dem Blickwinkel des Doing Family und mit Rückgriff auf Hartmut Rosas Thesen zur Be- und Entschleunigung. Anhand von Daten des DJI-Survey AID:A 2019, dessen ergänzender Corona-Befragung 2020 und 20 qualitativen Interviews mit Eltern zeigen wir Bewältigungsstrategien von Vereinbarkeitskonflikten während der Corona-Pandemie auf. Die quantitativen und auch die qualitativen Daten zeigen, dass sich die Rahmenbedingungen für das Balancemanagement durch Corona drastisch verändert haben. Besonders intrapersonale Vereinbarkeitskonflikte haben sich durch die Corona-Krise sowohl in beide Richtungen (Work-Family und Family-Work) als auch bei beiden Geschlechtern verstärkt. Viele dieser Veränderungen resultieren in einer Verfestigung der bisherigen Arbeitsteilung zwischen den Eltern. Es zeigen sich außerdem Ambivalenzen: Während sich die Situation für viele Eltern verschärft hat, hat sie sich für andere eher entspannt, teilweise zeigen sich beide Tendenzen innerhalb derselben Erzählung. Diese Ambivalenzen sind mit Dimensionen von Geschlecht verwoben.How are parents managing to reconcile paid and care work during the coronavirus pandemic? To answer this question we analysed quantitative data from the DJI Survey AID:A (2019), its coronavirus add-on (2020) and 20 problem-centred qualitative interviews with parents of children under 12 conducted in the summer of 2020. We found that different strategies were used to reconcile work and family needs. The quantitative and qualitative data both show that the coronavirus pandemic has dramatically changed and complicated the conditions under which a balance can be struck between work and family needs. Many of these changes have consolidated the division of labour within partnerships. We were especially interested in those intrapersonal conflicts which arose on account of the need to reconcile care and paid work. These have shifted both from work-to-family and family-to-work and for both mothers and fathers. But we also found ambivalences: While the situation of many parents worsened, others found that their situation eased somewhat. Sometimes both happened within the same family. These ambivalences can be analysed according to gender concepts

Performance, effectiveness, and efficiency of honeybees as pollinators of Coffea arabica (Gentianales, Rubiaceae)

Studies in crop plants analyzing floral biology in conjunction with effectiveness and efficiency of pollinators on pollen transfer and fruit formation are not common, although they are essential to provide better management actions. On this base, we selected a farm in Bahia, Brazil, to study pollination on coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.). Specifically, we want to analyze if nectar traits influence visitor’s performance throughout flower lifetime and if honeybees (Apis mellifera scutellata Lepeletier, 1836) are effective and efficient for coffee pollination comparing fertilization and fructification among four experimental treatments: open (OP), wind (WP), cross (HCP), and single-visit bee pollination (SVBP). We found that honeybees collect both nectar and pollen from coffee flowers and transfer pollen on stigmas even after one visit. No differences were found among treatments regarding the number of pollen grains transferred on the stigmas (effectiveness). OP flowers showed a comparative lower efficiency (pollen tubes and fruit set) probably due to pollination failure as those flowers have a higher variability on the number of deposited pollen grains. Two of the treatments (HCP and SVBP) showed higher fertilization (measuring tubes until the end of the style). Pollen loads seem to be limited by a peak of pollen transference by pollinators, followed by the stabilization in the number of pollen grains deposited per stigma. Thus, reproduction of the coffee can be limited by the quality of pollen grains moved by pollinators instead of quantity. Management strategies should focus on monitoring bee density on plants for increasing pollen quality transfer on flowers trough maintaining the adequate proportions of seminatural habitats and/or the number of hives on agricultural fields according to the flowering of the crop.Fil: Hipólito, J.. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Nunes, D. O.. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Brasil. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: Angel-Coca, C.. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Brasil. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: Mahlmann, T.. Instituto Nacional de Ciência E Tecnologia Em Estudos Interdisciplinares E Transdisciplinares Em Ecologia E Evolução; BrasilFil: Galetto, Leonardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Viana, B.F.. Universidade Federal da Bahia; Brasil. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; Brasi