CHEMICAL SPECIATION OF Pb(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) AND Zn(II) BINARY COMPLEXES OF L-METHIONINE IN 1,2-PROPANEDIOL–WATER MIXTURES

Chemical speciation of Pb(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes of L-methionine in 0.0-60 % v/v 1,2-propanediol-water mixtures maintaining an ionic strength of 0.16 M at 303 K has been studied pH metrically. The active forms of ligand are LH2+, LH and L-. The predominant species detected are ML, MLH, ML2, ML2H, ML2H2 and MLOH. Models containing different numbers of species were refined by using the computer program MINIQUAD 75. The best-fit chemical models were arrived at based on statistical parameters. The trend in variation of complex stability constants with change in the dielectric constant of the medium is explained on the basis of electrostatic and non-electrostatic forces. KEY WORDS: Complex equilibria, Chemical speciation, L-Methionine, 1,2-Propanediol, Metals Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2007, 21(3), 363-372

Maculopapular skin rash due to amoxicillin tri-hydrate hypersensitivity reaction: a case report

Amoxicillin tri-hydrate (AMT) is a commonly used penicillin group of antibacterial agent to combat various bacterial infections. Penicillin group of drugs are known to cause cutaneous drug eruptions as a hypersensitivity reaction. Most of the time, these eruptions are mild in nature, however, sometimes they represent the early manifestation of rare and severe drug-induced cutaneous reactions, such as; Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Here, we report a case of maculopapular skin rash developed due to AMT hypersensitivity reaction in a 48-year-old Indian male patient. Pheniramine maleate, hydrocortisone and skin protecting lotion were prescribed to manage the situation. This case is being reported to emphasize the need for reporting of drug induced complications and their management procedures

<b>Chemical speciation of Pb(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) binary complexes of l-methionine in 1,2-propanediol-water mixtures</b>

Chemical speciation of Pb(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes of L-methionine in 0.0-60 % v/v 1,2-propanediol-water mixtures maintaining an ionic strength of 0.16 M at 303 K has been studied pH metrically. The active forms of ligand are LH₂⁺, LH and L^-. The predominant species detected are ML, MLH, ML₂, ML₂H, ML₂H₂ and MLOH. Models containing different numbers of species were refined by using the computer program MINIQUAD 75. The best-fit chemical models were arrived at based on statistical parameters. The trend in variation of complex stability constants with change in the dielectric constant of the medium is explained on the basis of electrostatic and non-electrostatic forces

ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL PRINCIPLE FROM AVICENNIA MARINA L IN METHANOL

Objective: The antibacterial principle of Avicennia marina L stem extract was determined by agar well diffusion method followed by GC-MS,1H NMR and 13C NMR.Methods: Methanol was used as the solvent for the isolation of bioactive principle from the stem of Avicennia marina L. Agar well diffusion method was used to screen the antibacterial activity and FRAP method was employed to determine the antioxidant activity for raw and crude extract as well as the purified compound. GC-MS followed by 1H NMR and 13C NMR were used to elucidate the compound responsible for the antibacterial and antioxidant activity.Results: The degree of antioxidant and antibacterial activity differs between raw extract, crude extract and the pure compound. The antioxidant activity is more crude extract (p&lt;0.05) and the antibacterial activity is more of pure compound (p&lt;0.05) than the standard antibiotic gentamicin. GC-MS followed by 1H NMR and 13C NMR revealed that the compound is 2-propenoicacid, 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)- also called ferulic acid.Conclusion: The stem extract in methanol shows potential antibacterial and antioxidant activity. It is due to presence of ferulic acid in methanol extract in 14th fraction.Â

QUANTIFICATION OF PHYTOCHEMICALS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF FRUIT EXTRACT OF AVICENNIA OFFICINALIS

Avicennia officinalis (AO) is an evergreen mangrove tree that finds a prominent place in folk medicine. In this study, we have quantified 2 significant phytochemicals viz., phenols and flavonoids and studied the antibacterial activity of extracts of AO fruits in ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol and ethanol against 8 pathogenic bacterial species E. coli, En. aerogenes, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis, L. delbrueckii,Â&nbsp; S. aureus and Â&nbsp;Strep. pyogens. Phenols and flavonoids were quantified Spectrophotometrically. Total phenolic content (TPC) ranged from 125-350mg of GAE/g of crude extract and the flavonoid levels were in the range of 60-192 mg of rutin equivalent/g of dry sample. The methanol and ethanol extracts showed highest levels of TPC, while acetone extract was identified to contain comparatively elevated amounts of flavonoids. Antibacterial activity of all the extracts was screened against the selected strains by agar well diffusion method. All the extracts exhibited different degrees of inhibition against the bacterial strains tested. Â&nbsp;Their MIC values ranged between 1.25-5.0mg/100µl. Methanol and Ethanol extracts showed strong inhibitory activities against both Gram negative and Gram positive bacterial strains compared to those of other extracts. However, ethyl acetate infusion restricted its activity only against the Gram positive bacterial strains tested. Strains of E. coli, En. aerogenes (Gram negative) S. aureus and Â&nbsp;Strep. pyogens (Gram positive) were inhibited by acetone extract. This study provides the necessary data for isolation and characterization of individual broad spectrum antibacterial compounds from different extracts of AO fruits. The study also supports the potentiality of AO in folk medicine. Â&nbsp; Keywords:Â&nbsp; Avicennia officinalis, Phenols, Flavonoids, Antibacteria