Guidelines for Estimating Resources Needed to Earn a Specified Level of Income, South James Area, South Dakota

An economic problem confronting farmers of the South James Area in South Dakota involves the allocation and use of resources in the best combination to earn specified levels of income. How to develop guidelines for estimating the combination of resources needed to earn a specified level of income with a given set of prices and levels of high and average mechanization is the problem with which this study is concerned. Its purpose is to determine combinations of agricultural resources and enterprises required to obtain specified levels of farm income in the South James Area of South Dakota. Many farmers are trying to increase their income by adding additional land to their unit. They are bidding up land values and reducing the number of farm units. The reduction in the number of farms, the increase in the number of acres per farm, and the change in the value per acre of land from 1954 to 1964 in twelve co-utilities of the South James .Area of South Dakota is shown in Table 1. Farmers who desire to raise their income level must decide on expanding or improving their farming enterprises or decide on non-farm employment. The farmer and his family who decide to employ their labor and other resources in agriculture need to know the amounts and kinds of resources required to enable them to earn specified incomes. The objectives of this study were: 1.To determine the minimum resource requirements needed for specified income returns to operator labor and management with a given set of prices at high and average mechanization levels and efficiency of resource use. 2. To determine the best combination of farm enterprises utilizing resource requirements for specified income levels to operator labor and management. 3. To determine the effect that restricting lives tock enterprises has on the amounts and kinds of resources needed to attain specified levels of income to operator labor and management

The Corporate Profit Motive & Questionable Public Relations Practices during the Lead-up to the Affordable Care Act

The purpose of this Article is two-fold: first, to highlight two problems which threaten the effectiveness of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (Affordable Care Act), and second, to invite civic and governmental dialogue to implement solutions to those problems. The Affordable Care Act is tailored to build upon what is good about the existing health care financing system in the United States. It is also calculated to maximize access to quality and affordable health care across the Nation. There remains, however, work that must be done to neutralize risks to the foundational requirements of consistency and predictability when it comes to payment for medical care. The balance of this article: i. discusses the drivers making American health care the most expensive in the world; ii. outlines the patchwork of public and private fiscal arrangements that comprise the American health care financing system; iii. reveals the legal means by which private insurance companies reduce or eliminate risk, through rescission, cancellation, coverage denials, and other methods; iv. evaluates the behind-the-scenes campaign America’s Health Insurance Plans (AHIP), the public relations and lobbying arm of the health insurance industry, waged to thwart reform without exposing its self-serving profit motive; v. explains how the Affordable Care Act was enacted despite stiff opposition; and vi. concludes with a call to open a dialogue with a view toward focusing efforts to implement solutions, among them:a. that Congress conduct hearings to develop the record and take action in light of the unvarnished facts; b. that states adopt licensing and enforcement procedures for public relations; c. that federal law require public relations practitioners to disclose the real-parties-in-interest who fund spin efforts and certify the good faith basis of claims placed into the media; and d. that law enforcement authorities evaluate the suitability of using existing laws to address apparent fraudulent misrepresentations

Management Guide for Planning a Farm or Ranch Business

This publication is designed to help farmers and ranchers plan for more profitable use of land, capital, labor, and management to promote more efficient agricultural production in South Dakota. It provides budget information for grain and forage crops

Steps in Planning a Farm or Ranch Business

This publication provides a process to devise a plan for a farm or ranch business and calculate its costs and returns. It describes a step-by-step process for land use planning, estimating per acre total costs and profitability of grain and forage crops, preparing a land use and cropping system, planning a livestock enterprise, calculating business and personal net worth, and summarizing the costs and returns of the plan

Management Guide for Planning a Farm or Ranch Business

This guidebook contains reference material for planning a farm business. Farm business planning for better family living, high profit farm plans, budgeting for more profit, management strategies in beef production, a partial budget for planned changes, and reference tables for crops, livestock, labor, machinery, labor, loans, and social security and income tax are included

Management Guide for Planning a Farm or Ranch Business

This guidebook contains reference material for planning a farm business. Farm business planning for better family living, high profit farm plans, budgeting for more profit, management strategies in beef production, a partial budget for planned changes, and reference tables for crops, livestock, labor, machinery, labor, loans, and social security and income tax are included

Ten Steps in Planning Your Farm or Ranch Business

This publication provides information on land use and estimating direct costs per acre for growing and harvesting grain and forage crops. Guides for preparing land use and cropping systems, planning livestock enterprises, calculating labor requirements and distribution, and summarizing costs and returns for the plan are also included

Transition from pediatric to adult renal services: a consensus statement by the International Society of Nephrology (ISN) and the International Pediatric Nephrology Association (IPNA)

The transfer of young patients from pediatric to adult renal care takes place after a transition process which involves both sides. It is important that it is individualized for each young person, focusing on self-management skills as well as assessing support structures. The consensus statement has been developed by the panel of adult and pediatric nephrologists and endorsed by the councils of both ISN and IPNA. It is hoped that the statement will provide a basis for the development of locally appropriate recommendations for clinical practice