Uso de bayas cultivadas en A zerbaiyán para mejorar el valor nutricional y reducir los metales tóxicos en los refrescos (incluidas las bebidas energéticas).

Introduction: The research aims to investigate the possibility of using cornel berries, to increase their nutritional value and reduce toxic metal content in soft drinks and energy drinks. Material and Methods: To achieve the set goal, the nutritional value of drinks was determined, the influence of cornel berries on the content of toxic metals was analysed and their influence on the organoleptic properties of drinks was evaluated. Results and Discussion: As a result of the study, it was found that the addition of cornel berries to soft drinks leads to a significant increase in the content of vitamins B2 (by 47%), C (by 25%) and K (by 39%). An increase in flavonoids and anthocyanins in the beverages was also observed, with 19.28 mg/100 g and 13.34 mg/100 g, respectively, in the experimental sample, compared to 15 mg/100 g and 10.12 mg/100 g in the control sample, and an increase in phenolic compounds, with 22.3 mg/100 g in the experimental sample, compared to 21.1 mg/100 g in the control sample. In addition, a reduction in mercury, lead and cadmium was found to be 11%, 5.3% and 2% respectively. Conclusion: Thus, the results indicate an increase in nutritional value and potential positive effects of adding cornel berries to beverages, as well as confirming their safety and improved organoleptic qualities. The results have important practical implications for the food industry and consumers, as they provide data and recommendations for the development of soft drinks that have increased nutritional value and guaranteed safety

MIGRATION OF HEAVY METALS IN THE AGRICULTURAL SOIL PROFILE AROUND THE GANJAKAZAKH ZONE OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN

Depending on the nature and characteristics of the heavy metals that accumulate on the surface of the soil, separated from vehicle waste around the highway, they migrate downwards in the soil profile. The course of this process and the properties of heavy metals have been studied by many researchers. The migration of heavy metals in the soil profile later leads to the contamination of plants, especially agricultural crops, with toxic substances. It enters the food chain around the highway, especially with the more intensive accumulation of lead. It is considered dangerous for animals when the amount of lead in dry fodder plants is 100 mg/kg. Its amount migrates deep into the soil profile for several years and remains in the soil for many years without losing its effect. Until recent years, tetraethyl lead was added to all fuels to increase its combustibility and increase the deformation pressure, which caused the release of 200 400 mg of lead into the atmosphere during the combustion of one liter of gasoline. The study found that the migration of heavy metals in the soil profile depends on its granulometric composition, density, thickness of many organic compounds and pHDepending on the nature and characteristics of the heavy metals that accumulate on the surface of the soil, separated from vehicle waste around the highway, they migrate downwards in the soil profile. The course of this process and the properties of heavy metals have been studied by many researchers. The migration of heavy metals in the soil profile later leads to the contamination of plants, especially agricultural crops, with toxic substances. It enters the food chain around the highway, especially with the more intensive accumulation of lead. It is considered dangerous for animals when the amount of lead in dry fodder plants is 100 mg/kg. Its amount migrates deep into the soil profile for several years and remains in the soil for many years without losing its effect. Until recent years, tetraethyl lead was added to all fuels to increase its combustibility and increase the deformation pressure, which caused the release of 200 400 mg of lead into the atmosphere during the combustion of one liter of gasoline. The study found that the migration of heavy metals in the soil profile depends on its granulometric composition, density, thickness of many organic compounds and p

INFLUENCE OF FEEDING NORMS ON BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS AND ON THE PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY OF MULBERRY SILKWORM UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJA

In comparison with the normal conditions of feeding, in the conditions of abundant feeding, the mean values of the studied biological indicators (except for the silkiness of wet cocoons) are exaggerated, and phenotypic variability decreases. With poor feeding, the average values of the indicators decrease, and the phenotypic variability increases. During the study, the minimum increase and decrease of the average value of all symptoms and the coefficient of variation in the Mayak-3 breed were revealed; the greatest increase and decrease of indicators were marked in the Yashar breed; and in the Ganja-6 breed, growth and deposition of indicators were at an average level. Thus, the hereditary tolerance to the environmental impact of the feeding factor is strong in the Mayak-3 breed, moderate in the Ganja-6 breed, and weak in the Yashar breed

Оцінка можливості використання плодів східної хурми (Diospyros kaki L.) як джерела фільтруючих мембран на основі тензорного підходу

Like all raw materials of plant origin, persimmon fruits are considered a material rich in carbohydrates. This subtropical plant grows almost throughout the entire territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Despite the widespread distribution of this plant in the republic, very few types of products are produced from it. The main reason why persimmon fruits are not used effectively from a production point of view is that they have astringent properties. Since fruit carbohydrates play an important role in eliminating the tart taste of persimmons, the study of the carbohydrate complex was considered as a basic condition. After fractionation of carbohydrates with a water-alcohol mixture, certain stresses arise in the filter residue, which consists of cellulose-lignin. These stresses are analyzed using tensors. It has been established that the size of the filter pores is about 0.005÷0.05 microns, and the volume of these pores is 0.062÷0.195 cm3/g. The clearance coefficient averaged 19.97 %. It is known that the outer layer of a plant cell consists of cellulose and other structural compounds. These substances determine the porosity of the material. The mass fraction of the final product of the fractional residue, more precisely cellulose, averaged 0.63 %. The use of the resulting filter membrane in the clarification of fruit juices has shown its usefulness in industry. It has been established that the selectivity of these membranes for various amino acids is 5÷18 %, and for minerals 1÷30 %. The lipid resistance of the membranes was high. It should be noted that cellulose has the ability to restore its structure and at the last stage acts only as a filter membrane. This explains the usefulness of the cellulose-lignin mixture as a membrane materialЯк і вся сировина рослинного походження, плоди хурми вважаються матеріалом, багатим на вуглеводи. Ця субтропічна рослина росте майже на всій території Азербайджанської Республіки. Незважаючи на поширення цієї рослини в республіці, з нього виробляють дуже мало видів продукції. Основна причина, через яку плоди хурми не використовуються ефективно з виробничої точки зору, полягає в тому, що вони мають в'яжучі властивості. Оскільки вуглеводи плодів відіграють важливу роль в усуненні терпкого смаку хурми, вивчення вуглеводного комплексу розглядалося як основна умова. Після фракціонування вуглеводів водно-спиртовою сумішшю у фільтруючому залишку, який складається з целюлози-лігніну, виникають певні напруги. Ці напруги аналізується за допомогою тензорів. Встановлено, що розмір фільтруючих пір становить близько 0,005÷0,05 мкм, а обсяг цих пір займає 0,062÷0,195 см3/г. Коефіцієнт просвітності становив у середньому 19,97 %. Відомо, що зовнішній шар рослинної клітини складається з целюлози та інших структурних сполук. Ці речовини визначають пористість матеріалу. Масова частка кінцевого продукту фракційного залишку, точніше целюлози, у середньому становила 0,63 %. Застосування отриманої фільтруючої мембрани в освітленні фруктових соків показало її корисність у промисловості. Встановлено, що селективність цих мембран з різних амінокислот становить 5÷18 %, а з мінеральних речовин 1÷30 %. Ліпідний опір мембран був високий. Слід зазначити, що целюлоза має здатність відновлювати свою структуру та на останній стадії виявляє себе лише як фільтруюча мембрана. Цим пояснюється корисність целюлозно-лігнинної суміші як мембранного матеріал

A mechanistic review of pharmacological activities of homeopathic medicine licorice against neural diseases

The use of medicinal plants has grown in popularity in recent decades because, as natural ingredients, they have fewer adverse effects and are more effective than synthetic alternatives. As a small perennial herb, Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Licorice) has been investigated for its therapeutic efficacy against neural disorders mainly ischemic stroke as well as the neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease which has been attributed to its HMGB inhibitory function, reactive oxygen scavenging and anti-inflammatory activity. The objective of current review is to review the evidence for the pharmacological effects of licorice and its vital active components on neurological disorders and the underlying signaling networks. We reviewed Papers published from 2000.1.1 up to 2 January 2023 in web of science, Google Scholar and PubMed data bases using key words including Licorice, Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Glycyrrhizic acid, brain, neurodegenerative disease, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson were used to search in title/abstracts. Licorice extract and/or its active components can be used safely in therapeutic doses for optimizing the management of a multiple neurodegenerative disorders, and hampering the extent of neural tissue injury and neurologic deficits subsequent to cerebrovascular accidents