Cytotoxicity of synthesized 1,4-naphthoquinone analogues on selected human cancer cell lines

In an effort to establish new candidates with enhanced anticancer activity of 5-hydroxy-7-methyl-1,4- naphthoquinone scaffold (7-methyljuglone) previously isolated from the root extract of Euclea natalensis, a series of 7-methyljuglone derivatives have been synthesized and assessed for cytotoxicity on selected human cancer lines. These compounds were screened in vitro for anticancer activity on MCF-7, HeLa, SNO and DU145 human cancer cell lines by MTT assay. Most of them exhibited significant toxicity on cancer cell lines with lower IC50 values. The most potent derivative (19) exhibited the toxicity on HeLa and DU145 cell lines with IC50 value of 5.3 and 6.8 lM followed by compound (5) with IC50 value of 10.1 and 9.3 lM, respectively. Structure–activity relationship reveals that the fluoro substituents at position C-8 while hydroxyl substituents at C-2 and C-5 positions played an important role in toxicity.University of Pretoria, South Africa and National Research Foundation (NRF), South Africa.http://www.elsevier.com/locate/bmc2015-09-30hb201

Role of Shodhana on Antimicrobial Activity of Tuttha

Tuttha is one among the Maharasas, well known and frequently used mineral in Rasaaushadis.  Ayurveda classical texts indicate to use in skin diseases, ulcer, sinus, worm infection, vitiligo, obesity, pain, asthma, hyper acidity, hemorrhoids, diseases of eyes and as Krimighna etc. But advocates only after specific procedures called Shodhana (purification procedures) before making any pharmaceutical form since crude Tuttha causes vomiting and giddiness etc. The present antimicrobial study was carried out on two Tuttha named crude Tuttha and Shodhita Tuttha before and after Shodhana. Antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus bacterias and antifungal activity on fungi Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum were carried out by agar disk diffusion method. The shodhana process results that Shodhita Tuttha was found to be more effective compared to crude, as the diameter of the zone of inhibition was higher, even at low concentration of 1mg. The present study shows the importance of Shodhana process by enhancing the antimicroabial activity

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Not AvailableSunflower is an emerging profitable rice fallow crop at Odisha. An experiment at College of Agriculture (OUAT) Bhubaneswar on rice fallow sunflower conducted to standardize tillage, fertilizer dose and suitable hybrid has shown that sunflower hybrid KBSH 44 performed better than other hybrids under zero tillage at 150% RDF and registered the maximum nutrient uptake.Not Availabl

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Not Availablefield experiment was conducted at College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar on sandy loam soils during summer season of 2019 to study the effect of varied nutrient doses and tillage on the nutrient uptake and economics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids under lowland rice fallow environments. Three sunflower hybrids viz., DRSH-1, KBSH-44 and MSFH-17 were tested under three graded fertility levels RDF (recommended dose of fertilizers), 50% RDF (30: 40: 30 kg N: P2O5: K2O /ha), 100% RDF (60: 80: 60 kg N: P2O5: K2O /ha) and 150% RDF (90:120:90 kg N: P2O5: K2O/ha) and four tillage practices viz., reduced, minimum, zero tillage and conventional tillage practice. Sunflower under zero tillage recorded the highest uptake of N (52.65 kg /ha), P (21.87 kg/ha) and K (76.03 kg/ha) besides highest seed yield (1.91 t/ha). On the other hand, conventional tillage recorded the highest post-harvest soil available nitrogen (216.6 kg /ha), phosphorous (12.9 kg/ha) and potassium (214.4 kg/ha). Among the hybrids, KBSH-44 recorded significantly higher seed yield (1.81 t/ha) besides highest nutrient uptake. Raising sunflower hybrid KBSH-44 under rice fallow zero tillage conditions and fertilized with 150% RDF (90:120:90 kg N: P2O5: K2O/ha) was found economically superior in terms of gross returns, net returns and B: C ratio (2.34).Not Availabl

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Not AvailableRice is cultivated during kharif season in Southeast Asia, but a large chunk remains uncultivated or left fallow in the subsequent season due to several reasons, the major being the water scarcity. Sunflower is cultivated in these rice fallows in the states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha, and West Bengal and to a limited extent in other states. This is an opportunity for horizontal expansion of sunflower area to increase the edible oil production in the country. The initial spurt in area since 1970-71 has experienced a sharp decline in spite of sunflower being one of the most preferred edible oils in the rural, urban and peri-urban households. Unlike the popular utera method for pulses, sunflower cultivation needs special attention. Concerted and focused research efforts are needed for fine-tuning the production technology of sunflower under rice fallow. The recent success stories of co-culturing honey bee with sunflower as a community initiative in Nizamabad district of Telangana state need to be extended to other sunflower growing regions of the country. This review critically appraises the rice fallow environments in general, determinants of sunflower production in this fragile eco-system and efforts needed for successful area-cum-production growth of sunflower crop in the country.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableLow temperature stress dictates the success of rice fallow sesame in Odisha - An analysisNot Availabl

Management of internal hemorrhoids by Kshara karma: An educational case report

A 66-year-old male patient came to the anorectal clinic, Outpatient department, AVT Institute for Advanced Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, with complaints of prolapsing pile mass during defecation and bleeding while passing stool. The case was diagnosed as "Raktarsha" - 11 & 7 ′o′ clock position II degree internal hemorrhoids, deeply situated, projecting one and caused by pitta and rakta; with bleeding tendency. Kshara karma (application of caustic alkaline paste) intervention was done in this case to internal hemorrhoids under local anesthesia. The pile mass and per rectal bleeding resolved in 8 days and the patient was relieved from all symptoms within 21 days. No complications were reported after the procedure. The patient was followed up regularly from 2004 onward till date and proctoscopic examination did not reveal any evidence of recurrence of the hemorrhoids

Interesting product formation during <i>O</i>-alkylation and subsequent rearrangement of two building blocks of dibromotyrosine based natural products

1460-1466The O-alkylation (allylation/propargylation) of 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde 1 and the corresponding acetophenone 2 results in the formation of aryl-aryl coupled product by loss of formyl groups, aryl-aryl ether and aryloxy acetone in addition to the expected O- allyl/ propargyl ethers. While the thermal Claisen rearrangement of allyl ethers 1 and 2 furnishes the C-allyl products by loss of bromine, the propargyl ether 7 surprisingly resisted rearrangement and underwent oxidation to yield the corresponding carboxylic acid

Safety of Intraventricular rt-PA for Pan-Ventricular IVH Caused by a Ruptured AVM: A Case Report

Intraventricular recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IVT rt-PA) has improved outcomes for intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Patients with suspected or untreated arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) have been excluded from clinical trials. We present a patient with IVH secondary to a ruptured AVM safely treated with IVT rt-PA. A 48-year-old Hispanic male with a history of dermatomyositis presented to the emergency department with sudden left-sided weakness. En route to computed tomography (CT), he became lethargic. Computed tomography revealed extensive IVH with acute hydrocephalus, which was treated with the placement of external ventricular drain with clinical improvement. Computed tomography angiogram performed did not reveal AVM. Cerebral digital subtraction angiogram (DSA) was planned due to suspicion of AVM. Prior to DSA, patient became acutely lethargic. Computed tomography imaging revealed worsening hydrocephalus. External ventricular drain was noted to be draining. Repeat CT revealed improved hydrocephalus but with left lateral ventricle dilatation. Risks and benefits of IVT rt-PA were discussed with the family and a decision was made to treat. Three doses of 1 mg IVT rt-PA were administered with resolution of midline blood and lateral ventricular dilatation with clinical improvement. Digital subtraction angiogram revealed early draining vein on right internal carotid artery injection draining into the inferior sagittal sinus representing ruptured AVM without clear nidus. Repeat DSA with possible embolization was planned after discharge. In spite of additional in-hospital complications, the patient gradually improved and was ultimately discharged home. Our case supports the idea that the use of IVT rt-PA following an IVH caused by an underlying AVM could be further explored in carefully designed clinical trials