An observational study to correlate arterial lactate level and peripheral perfusion index in context of tissue perfusion in sepsis

Background: In view of goal directed therapies, the predictive value of the course of peripheral perfusion parameters over time has not been studied. Moreover serial assessment of peripheral perfusion index (PI) can be more predictive for mortality when compared to a single assessment of peripheral perfusion. Successfully normalized PI (≥1.4) during treatment might be an indication to stop the resuscitation, whereas pursuing normalized PI (≥1.4) might not result in better outcomes compared with mild-to moderate PI impairment after a normalized arterial lactate level. Complementing arterial lactate assessment with PI during resuscitation can better identify the endpoint of resuscitation and patients at higher risk of adverse outcomes. By simple clinical assessment of peripheral perfusion immediately during and after resuscitation, clinicians will be able to discriminate patients at high risk for developing severe complications even in the rural setups. Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 100 patients admitted at Dr. Kiran C. Patel Medical College and Research Institute, over a period of 12months (Janury 2022 to December 2022). Patients of sepsis were selected on the basis of criteria for tissue hypoperfusion and classification of sepsis. Results: On statistical analysis, PI was found to have significant correlation with arterial lactate levels (P<0.001) in PI <1.4 sub-measurement and not in PI >1.4. SOFA score & metabolic parameters were also found to have statistical significance. Conclusions: We inferred that peripheral perfusion index monitoring could provide useful information to determine the possibility of hyperlactatemia in critically ill patients thus providing a noninvasive source of tissue-bed perfusion monitoring even in the absence of facilities and infrastructure to measure the lactate levels thereby providing a gross insight in the perfusion haemodynamics of the patients of sepsis even in the primary healthcare setups too

Electronic structure of spin 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic systems: Ba_2Cu(PO_4)_2 and Sr_2Cu(PO_4)_2

We have employed first principles calculations to study the electronic structure and magnetic properties of the low-dimensional phosphates, Ba2Cu(PO4)2 and Sr2Cu(PO4)2. Using the self-consistent tight-binding lin- earized muffin-tin orbital method and the Nth order muffin-tin orbital method, we have calculated the various intrachain as well as the interchain hopping parameters between the magnetic ions Cu2+ for both the com- pounds. We find that the nearest-neighbor intrachain hopping t is the dominant interaction suggesting the compounds to be indeed one dimensional. Our analysis of the band dispersion, orbital projected band struc- tures, and the hopping parameters confirms that the Cu2+-Cu2+ super-super exchange interaction takes place along the crystallographic b direction mediated by O-P-O. We have also analyzed in detail the origin of short-range exchange interaction for these systems. Our ab initio estimate of the ratio of the exchange inter- action of Sr2Cu(PO4)2 to that of Ba2Cu(PO4)2 compares excellently with available experimental results.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

On a Raychaudhuri equation for hot gravitating fluids

We generalize the Raychaudhuri equation for the evolution of a self gravitating fluid to include an Abelian and non-Abelian hybrid magneto fluid at a finite temperature. The aim is to utilize this equation for investigating the dynamics of astrophysical high temperature Abelian and non-Abelian plasmas.Comment: 13 pages, Invited contribution to Pramana special issue dedicated to A.K. Raychaudhuri, "The Raychaudhuri equation and its role in Modern Cosmology". Pramana style files include

Incoherent Effect of Fe and Ni Substitutions in the Ferromagnetic-Insulator La0.6Bi0.4MnO3+d

A comparative study of the effect of Fe and Ni doping on the bismuth based perovskite La0.6Bi0.4MnO3.1, a projected spintronics magnetic semiconductor has been carried out. The doped systems show an expressive change in magnetic ordering temperature. However, the shifts in ferromagnetic transition (TC) of these doped phases are in opposite direction with respect to the parent phase TC of 115 K. The Ni-doped phase shows an increase in TC ~200 K, whereas the Fe-doped phase exhibits a downward shift to TC~95 K. Moreover, the Fe-doped is hard-type whereas the Ni-doped compound is soft-type ferromagnet. It is observed that the materials are semiconducting in the ferromagnetic phase with activation energies of 77 & 82 meV for Fe & Ni-doped phases respectively. In the presence of external magnetic field of 7 Tesla, they exhibit minor changes in the resistivity behaviours and the maximum isothermal magnetoresistance is around -20 % at 125 K for the Ni-phase. The results are explained on the basis of electronic phase separation and competing ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions between the various mixed valence cations.Comment: 18 pages including figure

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF CHRONOMODULATED PULSATILE THERAPEUTIC SYSTEM FOR EARLY MORNING SURGE IN BLOOD PRESSURE

Objective: The objective of this study was to design and developed a rupturable coating type of pulsatile press coated tablet, which releases drug early in the morning hours. This delivery system was helpful to control an early morning surge in Blood Pressure because cardiovascular events occur more frequently in the morning. This delivery system would be useful for the prevention of cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients.Methods: Initially core tablet was prepared by using Captopril HCl as a model drug, which is having Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition activity and different concentration of cross carmellose sodium as a superdisintegrant by the direct compression method. Core tablet was press coated by using HPMC K4M and Ethyl Cellulose in different ratios as a press coating polymers.Results: Core tablet was evaluated for different evaluation parameters and the formulation which shows least disintegration time has been selected for further study. Dissolution profiles clearly indicate that Captopril released from the press-coated tablet depends on the amount of an HPMC/EC ratio used.Conclusion: From in-vitro dissolution study it was concluded that the lag time decreases with increase in concentration of HPMC K4M. When the concentration of hydrophilic polymer was increased, i.e. HPMC K4M, hydration property of the system increases, causing more rapid dissolution or rupturing of the external shell resulting in the reduction in lag time.Â

Disorder and transport in cuprates: weak localization and magnetic contributions

We report resistivity measurements in underdoped YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{6.6}$and overdoped Tl$_{2}$Ba$_{2}$CuO$_{6+x}$ single crystals in which the concentration of defects in the CuO$_{2}$ planes is controlled by electron irradiation. Low $T$ upturns of the resistivity are observed in both cases for large defect content. In the Tl compound the decrease of conductivity scales as expected from weak localization theory. On the contrary in YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{6.6}$ the much larger low T contribution to the resistivity is proportional to the defect content and might then be associated to a Kondo like spin flip scattering term. This would be consistent with the results on the magnetic properties induced by spinless defects.Comment: latex rullier1.tex, 5 files, 4 pages [SPEC-S01/003], submitted to Phys. Rev. Let