Semantic analysis of Ethnopoetics of Pangunraun in mariage negotiations of Maanyan Dayak of Central Kalimantan

This paper is intended to describe what is the content of ethnopetic of Pangunraunas they are practised in negotiating marriage proposals of Maanyan Dayak of Central Kalimantan. Semantic analysis was adopted to unfold layers of meaning with observation, interview, and FGD as main data collection techniques. As most couplets have lost the context, word to word translation is extremely difficult to perceive. The study revealed that the negotiation is more than ordinary marriage negotiation, but there are rigid agenda, as appeal to tradition. They include: rice-wine party, negotiating the speakers, reasons for visit, marriage proposal, negotiating the seriousness, negotiating the bridal gift, agreement, and the last asking for blessing from the adat elders

Les modèles d'équilibre général appliqués à la politique commerciale : développements récents.

Cet article fait le point sur deux développements analytiques récents des modèles d’équilibre général appliqués à la politique commerciale : l’introduction de la concurrence imparfaite et de comportements intertemporels. La prise en compte d’un environnement imparfaitement concurrentiel, sur le marché des produits notamment, montre que les politiques d’ouverture affectent le bien-être des agents par la réduction du pouvoir de monopole des firmes et la possibilité d’exploiter des économies d’échelle. La modélisation de comportements intertemporels, qui permet de décrire à la fois la dynamique transitoire et l’équilibre de long terme de l’économie, a également des implications importantes sur le bien-être des agents. Enfin, les derniers modèles s’inspirent des nouvelles théories de la croissance en introduisant un progrès technologique endogène et proposent ainsi d’étudier le lien entre libéralisation commerciale et croissance. Si l’article privilégie l’analyse de la structure théorique de ces modèles récents, il présente également les résultats empiriques obtenus et met l’accent sur de nouvelles thématiques.We explore recent analytical developments in trade applied general equilibrium models and present a state of the art. Two extensions have been recently introduced : imperfect competition in order to show the impact of trade liberalization on welfare through a reduced monopoly power and economies of scale ; dynamic behaviour in order to take into account both transitional and long run equilibria. The intertemporal resources re-allocation has crucial repercussions in terms of welfare. The most recent models incorporate endogenous technological change and allow for an analysis of growth effects issues. We analyse in detail the theoretical foundations of these models but we also present the empirical results and deal with the new subjects.Imperfect competition; Concurrence imparfaite; Commerce international; Croissance endogène; Dynamic applied general equilibrium; International trade; Growth; Equilibre général appliqué;

Microwave heating-induced DC magnetic flux penetration in YBa2_{2}Cu3_{3}O7−δ_{7-\delta} superconducting thin films

The magneto-optical imaging technique is used to visualize the penetration of the magnetic induction in YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{7-\delta}$ thin films during surface resistance measurements. The in-situ surface resistance measurements were performed at 7 GHz using the dielectric resonator method. When only the microwave magnetic field $H_{rf}$ is applied to the superconductor, no $H_{rf}$-induced vortex penetration is observed, even at high rf power. In contrast, in the presence of a constant magnetic field superimposed on $H_{rf}$ we observe a progression of the flux front as $H_{rf}$ is increased. A local thermometry method based on the measurement of the resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator placed on the YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{7-\delta}$ thin film shows that the $H_{rf}$--induced flux penetration is due to the increase of the film temperature.Comment: 6 pages, Journal of Applied Physic

A microeconometric analysis of households saving determinants in Morocco.

Economic fluctuations, climate risk and a number of individual specific shocks leave households vulnerable to severe hardship in developing countries. Moreover, the credit and insurance markets are limited and the social coverage is weak. In this context, households saving is crucial to provide an insurance against the economic and social shocks. Additionally, a better knowledge of households saving behaviour could develop the potential to finance investments. This article provides an analysis of microeconomic factors which explain the household savings behaviour in Morocco by using a new survey. Household saving functions are estimated in order to test households' responses to income, monetary or non-monetary wealth and socio-demographic variables in urban and rural areas. Our results confirm that current income strongly affects the saving level whatever the home place. Surprisingly, the household’s size is significant only in the urban case : an additional person reduces the household saving. For the life cycle hypothesis, the results are not significant. Finally, we find that Moroccan women save more than men when we take into account the interaction between gender and income. Nevertheless, for highest income levels, we observe the opposite results. In the case of rural households, there is no statistically significant effect on saving behaviour from the ownership indicators of household’s lands or other real estate. The results suggest that the self financing of rural household activities may be due to the lack of access to formal financial intermediaries.Saving; Morocco; individual data; microeconometrics;

Career Interruptions : How Do They Impact Pension Rights ?.

The aim of this article is to analyse the question of career interruptions and to evaluate their impact on pension retirement for French private sector workers. Using the last French survey on households' wealth (2003-2004), we first study the career set-backs for individuals born between 1937 and 1949. We highlight the new trends in professional paths. The risk of unemployment and job flexibility has sharply risen. As a consequence, some cohorts appear to be more exposed to career interruptions. Second, we determine how pension rights for French employees are affected by different career accidents. We consider unemployment, part-time employment and inactivity periods. Our results show how, by compensating for some career accidents, the French legislation allows individuals to receive, in some cases, the same level of social security pension that they would have received with a smooth professional path.Part Time; Pension; Retirement; Social Security; France;

Linear Temperature Variation of the Penetration Depth in YBCO Thin Films

We have measured the penetration depth $\lambda(T)$ on $\rm YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{7}$ thin films from transmission at 120, 330 and 510~GHz, between 5 and 50~K. Our data yield simultaneously the absolute value and the temperature dependence of $\lambda(T)$. In high quality films $\lambda(T)$ exhibits the same linear temperature dependence as single crystals, showing its intrinsic nature, and $\lambda(0)=1750\,{\rm \AA}$. In a lower quality one, the more usual $T^2$ dependence is found, and $\lambda(0)=3600\,{\rm \AA}$. This suggests that the $T^2$ variation is of extrinsic origin. Our results put the $d$-wave like interpretation in a much better position.Comment: 12 pages, revtex, 4 uuencoded figure

Case Based Reasoning Untuk Mendiagnosa Penyakit Anak Menggunakan Metode Block City

The Case Based Reasoning (CBR) method is one of the methods to build a system that works by diagnosing new cases based on old cases that have occurred and providing solutions to new cases based on old cases with the highest similarity values. In this study, the authors apply CBR to diagnose diseases of children aged 1-12 years. Sources of system knowledge were obtained by collecting patient medical record files in 2014 and 2015. The calculation of similarity values using the Block City Gower method with a fairness value is 70%. This system can diagnose 10 illnesses based on 48 existing symptoms. The output of the system in the form of the illness experienced by the patient based on symptoms implanted by non-physician medical personnel, handling solution and presentation similarities with the previous case to show the truth level of the diagnosis. Based on the test of 83 new cases obtained system accuracy of 75,90%

Dietary restriction increases skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration but not mitochondrial content in C57BL/6 mice

Dietary restriction (DR) is suggested to induce mitochondrial biogenesis, although recently this has been challenged. Here we determined the impact of 1, 9 and 18 months of 30% DR in male C57BL/6 mice on key mitochondrial factors and on mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle, relative to age-matched ad libitum (AL) controls. We examined proteins and mRNAs associated with mitochondrial biogenesis and measured mitochondrial respiration in permeabilised myofibres using high resolution respirometry. 30% DR, irrespective of duration, had no effect on citrate synthase activity. In contrast, total and nuclear protein levels of PGC-1?, mRNA levels of several mitochondrial associated proteins (Pgc-1?, Nrf1, Core 1, Cox IV, Atps) and cytochrome c oxidase content were increased in skeletal muscle of DR mice. Furthermore, a range of mitochondrial respiration rates were increased significantly by DR, with DR partially attenuating the age-related decline in respiration observed in AL controls. Therefore, DR did not increase mitochondrial content, as determined by citrate synthase, in mouse skeletal muscle. However, it did induce a PGC-1? adaptive response and increased mitochondrial respiration. Thus, we suggest that a functionally ‘efficient’ mitochondrial electron transport chain may be a critical mechanism underlying DR, rather than any net increase in mitochondrial content per se

Aléas de carrière et pension de retraite

International audienceLe système de retraite français établit un lien fort entre l'activité et la retraite, car les droits à pension s'acquièrent en fonction des périodes d'activité. En outre, les paramètres de calcul de la pension sont définis par référence à une carrière continue. En particulier, depuis 2008, les pleins droits sont accordés à un individu totalisant au moins quarante années de durée d'assurance. Tout écart par rapport à cette carrière de référence est ainsi susceptible de modifier le montant de la pension que percevra l'assuré. Le système d'assurance vieillesse comporte cependant des dispositifs de solidarité, parmi lesquels, l'octroi de droits à pension sans contrepartie de cotisations en cas d'interruption de carrière pour cause de maladie, de chômage ou d'éducation des enfants