113 research outputs found
Three-dimensional coherence of light speckles: Experiment
We provide an experimental detailed study of the three-dimensional coherence properties of light speckles produced by different tunable pseudothermal sources. Our findings confirm the theoretical prediction of the companion article [A. Gatti et al., Phys. Rev. A 78, 063806 (2008)], according to which the longitudinal coherence of the speckles is ruled by ordinary diffraction laws only in the deep-Fresnel zone close to the source, deviates from this behavior in the Fresnel zone, and tends to become infinite when approaching the Fraunhofer zone. A quantitative comparison with theory is presented for Gaussian speckles in all the three regimes and for Airy speckles in the deep-Fresnel zone. Potential applications to three-dimensional imaging techniques are briefly discussed.We provide an experimental detailed study of the three-dimensional coherence properties of light speckles produced by different tunable pseudothermal sources. Our findings confirm the theoretical prediction of the companion article [A. Gatti , Phys. Rev. A 78, 063806 (2008)], according to which the longitudinal coherence of the speckles is ruled by ordinary diffraction laws only in the deep-Fresnel zone close to the source, deviates from this behavior in the Fresnel zone, and tends to become infinite when approaching the Fraunhofer zone. A quantitative comparison with theory is presented for Gaussian speckles in all the three regimes and for Airy speckles in the deep-Fresnel zone. Potential applications to three-dimensional imaging techniques are briefly discussed
Backscattering Differential Ghost Imaging in Turbid Media
In this Letter we present experimental results concerning the retrieval of
images of absorbing objects immersed in turbid media via differential ghost
imaging (DGI) in a backscattering configuration. The method has been applied,
for the first time to our knowledge, to the imaging of small thin black objects
located at different depths inside a turbid solution of polystyrene nanospheres
and its performances assessed via comparison with standard imaging techniques.
A simple theoretical model capable of describing the basic optics of DGI in
turbid media is proposed.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Three-dimensional coherence of light speckles: Theory
We provide a detailed analysis of the three-dimensional spatial coherence properties of light speckles, based on very general assumptions. We show that, while in the deep Fresnel region close to the source the longitudinal coherence of speckles is ruled by the laws of ordinary diffraction, on approach to the Fraunhofer zone the longitudinal coherence length tends to become infinite. We offer both a quantitative and a qualitative description of the emergence of these different behaviors.We provide a detailed analysis of the three-dimensional spatial coherence properties of light speckles, based on very general assumptions. We show that, while in the deep Fresnel region close to the source the longitudinal coherence of speckles is ruled by the laws of ordinary diffraction, on approach to the Fraunhofer zone the longitudinal coherence length tends to become infinite. We offer both a quantitative and a qualitative description of the emergence of these different behaviors. \ua9 2008 The American Physical Society
Differential Ghost Imaging
We present a new technique, differential ghost imaging (DGI), which dramatically enhances the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of imaging methods based on spatially correlated beams. DGI can measure the transmission function of an object in absolute units, with a SNR that can be orders of magnitude higher than the one achievable with the conventional ghost imaging (GI) analysis. This feature allows for the first time, to our knowledge, the imaging of weakly absorbing objects, which represents a breakthrough for GI applications. Theoretical analysis and experimental and numerical data assessing the performances of the technique are presented
Longitudinal coherence in thermal ghost imaging
We show theoretically and experimentally that lensless ghost imaging with thermal light is fully interpretable in terms of classical statistical optics. The disappearance of the ghost image when the object and the reference planes are located at different distances from the source is due to the fading out of the intensity-intensity cross correlation between the two planes. Thus the visibility and the resolution of the ghost image are determined by the longitudinal coherence of the speckle beam, and no quantum explanation is necessary.We show theoretically and experimentally that lensless ghost imaging with thermal light is fully interpretable in terms of classical statistical optics. The disappearance of the ghost image when the object and the reference planes are located at different distances from the source is due to the fading out of the intensity-intensity cross correlation between the two planes. Thus the visibility and the resolution of the ghost image are determined by the longitudinal coherence of the speckle beam, and no quantum explanation is necessary. \ua9 2008 American Institute of Physics
Image transfer through a chaotic channel by intensity correlations
The three-wave mixing processes in a second-order nonlinear medium can be
used for imaging protocols, in which an object field is injected into the
nonlinear medium together with a reference field and an image field is
generated. When the reference field is chaotic, the image field is also chaotic
and does not carry any information about the object. We show that a clear image
of the object be extracted from the chaotic image field by measuring the
spatial intensity correlations between this field and one Fourier component of
the reference. We experimentally verify this imaging protocol in the case of
frequency downconversion.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure
Dynamic heterodyne near field scattering
The technique heterodyne near field scattering (HNFS), originally developed for low-angle static light scattering, has also been implemented for carrying out dynamic light scattering. While the classical dynamic light scattering method measures the intensity-intensity correlation function, dynamic HNFS gives directly the field-field correlation function, without any assumption on the statistical properties of the sample, as the ones required by the Siegert relation. The technique has been tested with calibrated Brownian particles and its performances compared to those of the classical dynamic light scattering method.The technique heterodyne near field scattering (HNFS), originally developed for low-angle static light scattering, has also been implemented for carrying out dynamic light scattering. While the classical dynamic light scattering method measures the intensity-intensity correlation function, dynamic HNFS gives directly the field-field correlation function, without any assumption on the statistical properties of the sample, as the ones required by the Siegert relation. The technique has been tested with calibrated Brownian particles and its performances compared to those of the classical dynamic light scattering method. \ua9 2008 American Institute of Physics
Experimental evidence of high-resolution ghost imaging and ghost diffraction with classical thermal light
High-resolution ghost image and ghost diffraction experiments are performed
by using a single source of thermal-like speckle light divided by a beam
splitter. Passing from the image to the diffraction result solely relies on
changing the optical setup in the reference arm, while leaving untouched the
object arm. The product of spatial resolutions of the ghost image and ghost
diffraction experiments is shown to overcome a limit which was formerly thought
to be achievable only with entangled photons.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Heterodyne speckle velocimetryof Poiseuille flow
We review the technique named heterodyne speckle velocimetry and present two applications for
testing the method with a fluid moving under the conditions of Poiseuille flow. The fluid was seeded
with small tracking particles diameter 300 nm and fluxed between the two parallel planes of a cell
with constant or variable cross section. In the first case the velocity distribution was constant along
the direction parallel to the planes and was in excellent agreement with the expected Poiseuille
profile along the orthogonal direction. In the second case, where velocity gradients were present also
along the planes, the technique was able to reconstruct both the orthogonal Poiseuille profile and the
in-plane two dimensional mapping of the velocity vectors, with the possibility of measuring the fluid
flux within an accuracy of 1%
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